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Suggested Citation:"Contents." National Research Council. 1996. Effects of Double-Hull Requirements on Oil Spill Prevention: Interim Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9131.

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	EXECUTIVE SUMMARY	1
1	INTRODUCTION	3
	Oil Pollution Act of 1990,	3
	Factors Affecting Ship Safety and Pollution Prevention,	8
2	SHIP SAFETY AND PROTECTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT	14
	Trends in Oil Spills,	15
	Oil Outflow from Double-Hull Tankers,	16
	Measures for Reducing Outflow from Single-Hull Tankers,	17
	Fleet Safety,	18
	Findings,	19
3	ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF THE MARITIME OIL TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY	20
	Forecast of Tanker Fleet,	21
	New-Building Requirements and Market Capability,	23
	Cost Data,	24
	Required Freight Rate Analysis,	25
	Jones Act Tankers and Barges,	26
	Findings,	26

Page xii Cite

Suggested Citation:"Contents." National Research Council. 1996. Effects of Double-Hull Requirements on Oil Spill Prevention: Interim Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9131.

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4	OPERATIONAL MAKEUP OF THE MARITIME OIL TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY	28
	Ownership, 1990 versus 1994,	29
	Use of Lightering and Offshore Ports, 1990 versus 1994,	29
	Patterns of Vessel Sales, Transfer, and Scrapping,	31
	Findings,	32
5	DATA ON THE DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, MAINTENANCE, AND OPERATION OF DOUBLE-HULL VESSELS	33
	Problems and Concerns,	34
	Design and Construction,	37
	Inspection and Maintenance,	38
	Operational Concerns,	39
	Comparative Evaluation of Alternative Single-Hull and Double-Hull Designs,	40
	Surveys to be Conducted and Evaluated,	40
	Findings,	41
	REFERENCES	43
	ACRONYMS	45
	APPENDICES
	A Biographies of Committee Members	49
	B Questionnaires	54
	C Presentations to the Committee	59
	D Information Sources	60
	BIBLIOGRAPHY	61

Page xiii Cite

Suggested Citation:"Contents." National Research Council. 1996. Effects of Double-Hull Requirements on Oil Spill Prevention: Interim Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9131.

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List of Tables and Figures

TABLES

1-1	Comparison of Requirements of OPA 90 and IMO Regulation 13F for New Vessels,	9
1-2	Comparison of Requirements of OPA 90 and IMO Regulation 13G for Existing Vessels,	10
1-3	Main Features of Regional Port State Control Agreements,	12

FIGURES

1-1	Relationship of Section 4115 to the Oil Pollution Act of 1990,	5
1-2	Percent of remaining world tanker fleet tonnage based on OPA 90 single-hull tank vessel phase-out schedule,	6
1-3	Post-1990 initiatives with potential impact on oil pollution from tank vessel accidents,	7
2-1	Oil spills from vessel accidents in U.S. waters,	16
4-1	Change in oil shipments to the United States, 1990 and 1994,	30
4-2	Change in the volume of oil shipped to the United States, 1990 and 1994,	31

Page xiv Cite

Suggested Citation:"Contents." National Research Council. 1996. Effects of Double-Hull Requirements on Oil Spill Prevention: Interim Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9131.

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Effects of Double-Hull Requirements on Oil Spill Prevention: Interim Report (1996)

Chapter: Contents

Contents

List of Tables and Figures

TABLES

FIGURES

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