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CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION. . . . ears 2. CHOLINESTERASE REACTIVATORS . . . . . ee.~eeeee.~e 3 Background, 3 Review of Available Information on 2-PAM, P2S, TMB-4,and To~ogonin, 9 Characterist ice Biochemistry Mechanisms of Action Pharmacokinetice Adverse Effects Gastrointestinal Effects Cardiovascular Ef fects Neuropharmacology Mutagenic, Reproductive, arid Carcinogenic Effects Therapeutic Use Delayed and Long-Term Effects Ef fee ts on Vol unteere Conclusions, 46 3. PSYCHOCHEMICALS 47 Background, 47 Review of Available Information on Phencyclidine, 53 Chemistry Absorp tion, Fate, and - Eliminat ion Animal Toxicology Neurochemistry Pharmacology Genetic and Reproductive Ef fects Delayed and Long-Term Effects Effects on Volunteers Review of Available Informa~cior~ on Dibenzopyrans: Dimethylheptylpyran and Related Compounds, 79 Chemistry Absorption, Fate, and Elimination Animal Toxicology Mechanism of Action Neuropharmaco' ogy
Mutagen city, Teratogellicity, and Carcillogenicity Delayed and Long-Term Effects Ef fec ts on Vo lunt eers Conclusions, 98 4 . IRRITANTS AND VESI(=TS ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ e ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ e ~ a e ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ 101 Background ~ 101 Review of Available Information on Mustard Gas, 104 Characteristics Toxicology Industrial and Military Exposures Medical Ef fects World War I Casualt ies: Sequelae Effects on Human Subjects Tested at Edgewood Summary Review of Available Information on o-Ch~orobenzylidene Malononi~crile, ~ 35 Charac teri at ice Biochemistry and Physiology Toxicology (In Vitro and Animal Studies) Toxicology ( Humans ) Use of CS in Northern-" Ireland Long-Term Followup Effects on Human Subjects Tested at Edgewood Summary Review of Available Information on Chloroacetophenone, 171 Introduction Toxicology (In Vitro and Animal Studies) Toxicology i n Human Studies Tear-Gas Weapons Sensitization in Humans LoDg-term Effects Effects on Human Subjects Tested at Edgewood Discussion Summary Review of Available Information on Dibenz~b,f]~l,4Josazepine, 187 Characteristics Cytotoxicity Toxicity in Animals Toxicity in Humans Effects on Humors Subjects Tested at Edgewood Summary
Review of Available Information on Diphenylaminochlorarsine, 203 Characteristics Toxicity in Animals Toxicity in Humans Effects on Human Subjects Tested at Edgewood Summary Review of Available Information on Brombenzyl Cyanide, 213 Characteristics Toxicity in Animals Toxicity in Humans Effects on Human Subjects Tested at Edgewood Summary Review of Availab' e Information on Chloropicrin, 221 Characteristics Toxicity in Ahimals Toxicity in Hans Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity Effects on Human Subjects Tested at Edgewood Discussion Summary Review of Available Information on Nonanoyl Morpholide, 231 Characteristics Toxicity in Humans Effects on Human Subjects Tested at Edgewood Discussion Review of Available Information on I-Methoxy-1,3,5-cycloheptatriene, 235 Characteristics Toxicity in Animals Toxicity in Humans Mutagenicity Effects on Human Subjects Summary Review of Available Information on Effects on Human Exposures to 123 Irritant Chemicals at Edgewood: Two-Man Bests 248 Conclusions, 251
APPENDIX A. HISTORY OF DIE EDGEWOOD TESTING PROGRAM; COLOR SCREENING AND SELECTION. . . e ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ e ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ @ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 254 APPENDIX B ~ DIGEST SPORTOXIMES .... ~ ... ~ ~ ~ e ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ e ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 263