. "4. Comparison of Disease Burdens." New Vaccine Development: Establishing Priorities: Volume II, Diseases of Importance in Developing Countries. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1986.
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New Vaccine Development: Establishing Priorities, Volume II, Diseases of Importance in Developing Countries
vaccines. Chapter 8 presents further discussion of the grouping of vaccine candidates.
COMPARISON OF COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASES
Another way to compare candidates for accelerated vaccine development would be to compare the extent to which they would render unnecessary expenditures for treating diseases or avert other disease-related economic losses, for example, lost work productivity, and their cost-effectiveness in doing so. To make such comparisons it is necessary to know (or to obtain reliable estimates on) the costs associated with each disease. The costs incurred in vaccine development and in vaccination programs are discussed in Chapters 5 and 7, respectively.
TABLE 4.8 The Median Infant Mortality Equivalence Values for Respondents from the United States
Infant Mortality Equivalents
Morbidity
Category Description
Unit
Under 5 Years
5–14 Years
15–59 Years
60 Years and Over
A
Moderate localized pain and/or mild systemic reaction, or impairment requiring minor change in normal activities, and associated with some restriction of work activity
Days
300,000
140,000
50,000
10,000,000
B
Moderate pain and/or moderate impairment requiring moderate change in normal activities, e.g., housebound or in bed, and associated with temporary loss of ability to work
Days
80,000
10,000
4,000
100,000
C
Severe pain, severe short-term impairment, or hospitalization
Days
8,000
1,000
500
10,000
D
Mild chronic disability (not requiring hospitalization, institutionalization, or other major limitation of normal activity, and resulting in minor limitation of ability to work)
Cases
500
80
25
5,000
E
Moderate to severe chronic disability (requiring hospitalization, special care, or other major limitation of normal activity, and seriously restricting ability to work)
