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New Vaccine Development: Establishing Priorities: Volume II, Diseases of Importance in Developing Countries (1986)
Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice (BPH)

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. "7. Calculation and Comparison of the Health Benefits and Differential Costs Associated with Candidate Vaccines." New Vaccine Development: Establishing Priorities: Volume II, Diseases of Importance in Developing Countries. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1986.

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New Vaccine Development: Establishing Priorities, Volume II, Diseases of Importance in Developing Countries

Rotavirus

(Infants at earliest possible age, preferably with oral polio vaccine)

Attenuated high passage bovine rotavirus

Birth cohort: 115.1 million

Probable age of vaccination

(<1 year) to peak of disease (6–24 months) , i.e., approx. 1 year

Attenuated low passage bovine rotavirus

Rhesus monkey rotavirus

Salmonella typhi

(Children; young adults at risk; travelers from developed countries to endemic areas)

Attenuated ga1E mutant S. typhi strain TY21a

Birth cohort: 115.1 million

Probable age of vaccination

(<1 year) to midpoint of peak range of disease (approx. 14 yrs.), i.e., approx. 13 years

Aromatic amino acid dependent strains of S. typhi

Shigella spp.

(Infants at birth or earliest possible age; elderly for epidemic strains)

Probably plasmid mediated outer membrane protein invasion determinant (there are a small number of promising options needing investigation to determine best approach)

Birth cohort: 115.1 million

Probable age of vaccination

(<1 year) to peak of disease (6–24 months), i.e., approx. 1 year

Streptococcus A

(Children,<3 to 4 years)

Synthetic M protein segment

(excluding portions cross-reacting with human tissue)

Birth cohort: 115.1 million

Probable age of vaccination

(<1 year) to peak of severe disease and complications (10 years), i.e., approx. 9 years

Streptococcus pneumoniae

(Infants)

Conjugated polysaccharides, polyvalent

Birth cohort: 115.1 million

Frobable age of vaccination

(<1 year) to peak of disease (3 years?), i.e., approx. 2 years

Vibrio cholera

(Children, especially <2 years)

Genetically defined live mutant V. cholerae (A−B+ or A−B−) with respect to toxin subunit synthesis

Birth cohort in endemic areas: 22.2 million

Probable age of vaccination

(<1 year) to peak incidence of disease in endemic areas (2–4 years), i.e., approx. 2 years

Inactivated antigens

Yellow fever virus

(Young children)

Attenuated live virus produced in cell culture

Birth cohort in endemic areas: 24.8 million

Probable age of vaccination

(<1 year) to peak of disease (approx. 15, depending on area), i.e., approx. 14 years

aSee appropriate appendix for derivation.

bDengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome.

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89
Front Matter (R1-R16)
1. Summary (1-18)
2. Priority Setting for Health-Related Investments: A Review of Methods (19-29)
3. Overview of the Analytic Approach (30-43)
4. Comparison of Disease Burdens (44-62)
5. Predictions of Vaccine Development (63-75)
6. Assessing the Likely Utilization of New Vaccines (76-81)
7. Calculation and Comparison of the Health Benefits and Differential Costs Associated with Candidate Vaccines (82-105)
8. Additional Issues in the Selection of Priorities for Accelerated Vaccine Development (106-120)
9. Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations (121-142)
Appendix A: Selection of Vaccine Candidates for Accelerated Development (143-148)
Appendix B: The Burden of Disease Resulting from Acute Respiratory Illness (149-158)
Appendix C: The Burden of Disease Resulting from Diarrhea (159-169)
Appendix D-1: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Dengue Virus (170-177)
Appendix D-2: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Escherichia coli (178-185)
Appendix D-3: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Hemophilus influenzae Type b (186-196)
Appendix D-4: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Hepatitis A Virus (197-207)
Appendix D-5: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Hepatitis B Virus (208-222)
Appendix D-6: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Japanese Encephalitis Virus (223-240)
Appendix D-7: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Mycobacterium leprae (241-250)
Appendix D-8: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Neisseria meningitidis (251-266)
Appendix D-9: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Parainfluenza Viruses (267-274)
Appendix D-10: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Plasmodium spp. (275-286)
Appendix D-11: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Rabies Virus (287-298)
Appendix D-12: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus (299-307)
Appendix D-13: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Rotavirus (308-318)
Appendix D-14: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Salmonella typhi (319-328)
Appendix D-15: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Shigella spp. (329-337)
Appendix D-16: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Streptococcus Group A (338-356)
Appendix D-17: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Streptococcus pneumoniae (357-375)
Appendix D-18: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Vibrio cholerae (376-389)
Appendix D-19: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Yellow Fever (390-402)
Appendix E: Questionnaire for Assessing Morbidity-Mortality Trade-Offs (403-411)
Appendix F: Technical Notes (412-412)
Appendix G: Biographical Notes on Committee Members (413-417)
Appendix H: Additional Sources of Advice to the Committee (418-419)
Appendix I: Contents of Supplement to Volume II (420-420)
Appendix J: Preface to Volume I (421-422)
Appendix K: Contents to Volume I (423-423)
Index (424-432)