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OCR for page 27
3
RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
The subcommittee identified a number of gaps in
knowledge that have limited its ability to make
quantitative judgments. These gaps are outlined below
as priorities for basic and programmatic research.
Basic research addresses questions pertaining to disease
mechanisms and etiology, and the information it yields
tends to be generalizable to varied local situations.
Programmatic, or operational, research tends to be more
country-specific, and the research questions and
priorities usually need to be determined for each
country.
BASIC RESEARCH
The following subjects need to be addressed by basic
research:
o Effects of agent-specific diarrhea on nutrient
absorption and utilization in age-specific populations
at various levels of nutritional status. (Information
is particularly scant on micronutrient metabolism and
depletion.)
· Methods for rapid assessment of specific nutrient
depletion.
· Determinants of anorexia and its role in
decreasing nutrient intakes during and after diarrhea.
· Effects of different diets and feeding protocols
on dehydration, vomiting, severity and duration of
diarrhea, and nutritional status during diarrhea.
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OCR for page 28
· Effects of different diets and of antibiotic
therapy on intestinal flora and digestive and absorptive
capacities during diarrhea.
· Effects of different diets and feeding protocols
on digestive and absorptive capacities and nutritional
repletion during convalescence.
· Effects of different diets and feeding protocols
on the local immune function of the gastrointestinal
tract in age-specific populations.
· Effects of early feeding in diarrhea on the
incidence and severity of later diarrhea! episodes and
on the impairment of intestinal function in later
episodes.
PROGRAMMATIC RESEARCH
.
The following subjects need to be addressed by
programmatic research:
o Cultural determinants of feeding practices during
and after diarrhea.
Most appropriate foods for dietary management of
diarrhea, with particular reference to type, quantity,
processing, preparation, and acceptability of local
foods.
· Most effective methods of influencing behavior of
health workers and mothers in dietary management of
diarrhea.
0 Efficacy of dehydration solutions made with
household staple foods for replacing body fluid,
shortening duration of diarrhea, preventing or reducing
dehydration, and improving nutritional status.
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Representative terms from entire chapter:
nutritional status
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