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Dimension
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Type of Emergency
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A major interruption of oil supply from the Middle East
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A shutdown of nuclear electricity generation because of a nuclear accident
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A protracted coal strike
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An earthquake in the south-central U.S. that seriously damages major oil and gas pipelines, rail lines, and electricity lines in the region
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1. Causation
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External governmental decisions, political instability, or terrorism
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Regulator decision to protect public safety
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Labor dispute
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Natural hazard (“act of God”)
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2. Immediacy
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Import cutoffs lagged 5–6 weeks
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Immediate effects on electricity supply
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End-use energy scarcity lagged up to 90 days
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Immediate effects on gas supply to importing regions, and on the electricity grid; various lags otherwise
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3. Magnitude
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Uncertain; could be serious but unlikely to be catastrophic
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Could be substantial in some locales
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Probably no more than discomfort in most places; union control over coal supply appears limited
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Possibility of immediate dangers to life and health in the affected area but energy impacts unlikely to be the major concerns locally
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4. Incidence
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Affects most sectors of society and economy in the U.S. and in
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Some geographical focus but broad social effects in region where
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Focused on coal-producing and coal-using regions
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Besides the earthquake region, focused on other regions
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