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Ultrafast Chemical Separations (1993)
Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications (CPSMA)

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IX
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ULTRAFAST CHEMICAL SEPARATIONS

CONTENTS

 PART I:

 

SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

 
   

1.  Introduction

 

3

   

2.  Batch Processes

 

6

   

2.1  Precipitation

 

7

   

2.2  Adsorption and Isotopic Exchange

 

10

   

2.3  Ion-Exchange Techniques

 

13

   

2.4  Liquid-Liquid Extraction

 

16

   

2.5  High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

 

24

   

2.6  Distillation and Volatilization

 

27

   

2.7  Thermochromatography

 

30

   

2.8  Electrophoresis

 

32

   

3.  Automated Processes

 

35

   

3.1  Comparison of Efficiencies of Autobatch and Continuous Processes

 

35

   

4.  Autobatch Techniques

 

37

   

4.1  Autobatch Techniques for the Separation of Silver Isotopes

 

40

   

4.2  Technetium by Solvent Extraction

 

40

   

4.3  Palladium by Solvent Extraction

 

42

   

4.4  Arsenic and Antimony by Volatile-Hydride Production

 

43

   

4.5  Autobatch Separation of Individual Lanthanide Fission Products

 

45

   

4.6  Separation of Transplutonium Elements

 

49

   

5.  Delivery Systems for Continuous Techniques

 

49

   

5.1  Gas-Jet Systems

 

49

   

5.2  Transport Time

 

53

   

5.3  Examples of Gas-Jet Systems

 

56

   

6.  Continuous Liquid-Phase Chemical Separations

 

59

   

6.1  High-Speed Centrifuge for Phase Separation

 

59

   

6.2  Transfer from Gas-Jet System to Aqueous Phase

 

63

   

6.3  Examples

 

63

   

7.  Continuous Gas-Phase Chemistry

 

70

   

7.1  Production Outside the Target Chamber

 

71

   

7.2  Production in the Target Chamber

 

74

   

8.  Future of Ultrafast Chemistry

 

77

   

9.  References

 

79

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