relevant to the needs of the developing world. In several cases, those interactions led to further collaboration beyond the scope of the original grant.

Significant impact derives from the scientific broadening and understanding of the U.S. investigators resulting not only from the research per se, but also from foreign visits. They provided opportunities for deeper insight and appreciation for needs, constraints, utilization, and application of BNF both inside and outside the United States. Scientists are people who not only exchange technology but also philosophy, ethics, and ways of conducting research. The scientific method is a useful paradigm for democratic processes. We learn from each other.