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The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. TABLE D-2 Estimated Ranges for the True Relative Risks (RR) in “Exposed” and “Unexposed” Subjects
of the countries in which epidemiologic studies were conducted, we repeated the analysis using the overall summary rate ratio of 1.14 from the U.S. studies. In this case the overall range in the estimates of the true relative risk was 1.19 to 1.35 in the “exposed” and 1.04 to 1.18 in the “unexposed.” D-2 THE CARCINOGEN-EQUIVALENT NUMBER OF ACTIVELY SMOKED CIGARETTES INHALED DAILY BY PASSIVE SMOKERS: COMPARISONS OF EPIDEMIOLOGIC WITH DOSIMETRIC ESTIMATESIn this section we attempt to estimate the number of cigarettes, d0, that would have to be actively smoked to deliver to the lung of the smoker a dose of active carcinogen equal to the daily pulmonary dose of carcinogen (attributable to ETS) of an average adult nonsmoker with a nonsmoking spouse. Roughly speaking, d0 is the (lung) carcinogen-equivalent number of (actively smoked) cigarettes inhaled daily by an average adult nonsmoker with a nonsmoking spouse. Under the assumptions of Method 2, we saw that knowledge of β4/β1 and of the relative exposure histories of “exposed” and “unexposed” study subjects was sufficient to estimate the true
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