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Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Measuring Exposures and Assessing Health Effects (1986)
Commission on Life Sciences (CLS)

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. "2 The Physicochemical Nature of Sidestream Smoke and Environmental Tobacco Smoke." Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Measuring Exposures and Assessing Health Effects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1986.

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Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Measuring Exposures and Assessing Health Effects

TABLE 2–4 Measured Concentrations of Carbon Monoxide in ETSa

Location

Tobacco Burned

Ventilation

Carbon Monoxide Concentrations, ppm

References

 

Nonsmoke Controls

Mean

Range

Mean

Range

Rooms

4.3–9

2.2±0.98

0.4–4.5

Coburn et al., 1965

Train

1–18 smokers

Natural

0–40

Harmsen and Effenberger, 1957

Submarines (66 m3)

157 cigarettes/day

94–103 cigarettes/day

Yes Yes

<40 <40

Cano et al., 1970

18 military aircraft

Yes

<2–5

U.S. Department of Transportation, 1971

8 commercial aircraft

Yes

<2

U.S. Department of Transportation, 1971

Rooms

5–25

Porthein, 1971

14 public places

<10

Perry, 1973

Ferry boat

18.4±8.7

3.0±2.4

Godin et al., 1972

Theater foyer

3.4±0.8

1.4±0.8

Godin et al., 1972

Intercity bus

23 cigarettes

3 cigarettes

15 changes/h

15 changes/h

32

18

Seiff, 1973

2 conference rooms

8 changes/h

8 (peak)

1–2

Slavin and Hertz, 1975

Office

236 m3/h

Natural

<2.5–4.6

< 2.9–9.0

Harke, 1974

Automobile

2 smokers (4 cigarettes)

Natural

Mechanical

42 (peak)

32 (peak)

13.5 (peak)

15.0 (peak)

Harke and Peters, 1974

9 night clubs

Varied

13.4

6.5–41.9

Sebben et al., 1977

14 restaurants

9.9±5.5

9.2 (outdoor)

3.0–35

Sebben et al., 1977

45 restaurants

8.2±2.2

7.1±1.7

Sebben et al., 1977

Page
34
Front Matter (R1-R8)
Contents (R9-R14)
Executive Summary (1-12)
1 Introduction (13-22)
Part I: Physicochemical and Toxicological Studies of Environmental Tobacco Smoke (23-24)
2 The Physicochemical Nature of Sidestream Smoke and Environmental Tobacco Smoke (25-53)
3 In Vivo and In Vitro Assays to Assess the Health Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke (54-62)
Part II: Assessing Exosures to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (63-64)
4 Introduction (65-68)
5 Assessubg /Exposures to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in the External Environment (69-100)
6 Assessing Exposures to Enviromental Tobacco Smoke Using Questionnaires (101-119)
7 Exposure-Dose Relationship for Environmental Tobacco Smoke (120-132)
8 Assessing Exposures to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Using Biological Markers (133-160)
Part III: Health Effects Possibly Associated with Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke by Nonsmokers (161-162)
9 Introduction (163-165)
10 Sensory Reactions To and Irritation Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke (166-181)
11 Effects of Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Lung Function and Respiratory Symptoms (182-222)
12 Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Lung Cancer (223-249)
13 Cancers Other than Lung Cancer (250-256)
14 Cardiovascular System (257-268)
15 Other Health Considerations in Children (269-276)
Appendixes (277-278)
Appendix A: Guidelines for Public and Occupational Chemical Exposures to Materials that are Also Found in Environmental Tobacco Smoke (279-283)
Appendix B: Method of Combining Data From Studies of Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Lung Cancer (284-288)
Appendix C: Adjusments to Epidemiologic Estimates of Excess Lung Cancer in Persons Exposed to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (289-293)
Appendix D: Risk Assessment- Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Lung Cancer (294-338)