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Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Measuring Exposures and Assessing Health Effects (1986)
Commission on Life Sciences (CLS)

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Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Measuring Exposures and Assessing Health Effects

National Academy Press
2101 Constitution Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20418

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was established by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and of advising the federal government. The Council operates in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy under the authority of its congressional charter of 1863, which establishes the Academy as a private, nonprofit, self-governing membership corporation. The Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in the conduct of their services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. It is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. The National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine were established in 1964 and 1970, respectively, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences.

This study was prepared under EPA Contract #68–02–4073 and Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Services Grant #ASU000001–06-S1. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or the Department of Health and Human Services, and an official endorsement should not be inferred.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER 0-309-03730-1

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER 86–28622

Copyright © 1986 by the National Academy of Sciences

No part of this book may be reproduced by any mechanical, photographic, or electronic process, or in the form of a phonographic recording, nor may it be stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or otherwise copied for public or private use, without written permission from the publisher, except for the purposes of official use by the United States Government.

Printed in the United States of America

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Front Matter (R1-R8)
Contents (R9-R14)
Executive Summary (1-12)
1 Introduction (13-22)
Part I: Physicochemical and Toxicological Studies of Environmental Tobacco Smoke (23-24)
2 The Physicochemical Nature of Sidestream Smoke and Environmental Tobacco Smoke (25-53)
3 In Vivo and In Vitro Assays to Assess the Health Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke (54-62)
Part II: Assessing Exosures to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (63-64)
4 Introduction (65-68)
5 Assessubg /Exposures to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in the External Environment (69-100)
6 Assessing Exposures to Enviromental Tobacco Smoke Using Questionnaires (101-119)
7 Exposure-Dose Relationship for Environmental Tobacco Smoke (120-132)
8 Assessing Exposures to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Using Biological Markers (133-160)
Part III: Health Effects Possibly Associated with Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke by Nonsmokers (161-162)
9 Introduction (163-165)
10 Sensory Reactions To and Irritation Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke (166-181)
11 Effects of Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Lung Function and Respiratory Symptoms (182-222)
12 Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Lung Cancer (223-249)
13 Cancers Other than Lung Cancer (250-256)
14 Cardiovascular System (257-268)
15 Other Health Considerations in Children (269-276)
Appendixes (277-278)
Appendix A: Guidelines for Public and Occupational Chemical Exposures to Materials that are Also Found in Environmental Tobacco Smoke (279-283)
Appendix B: Method of Combining Data From Studies of Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Lung Cancer (284-288)
Appendix C: Adjusments to Epidemiologic Estimates of Excess Lung Cancer in Persons Exposed to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (289-293)
Appendix D: Risk Assessment- Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Lung Cancer (294-338)