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ADDENDUM COMMONLY USED DATA SOURCES This addendum contains descriptions of commonly used sources. These are listed below along with their acronyms. NSFG NLS CPS AGI NCHS CDC 1. National Survey of Family Growth National Longitudinal Surveys of Labor Market Experience of Youth; Young Women, Young Men, Mature Women and Mature Men 3. National Vital Statistics 4. Current Population Surveys; and Fertility Supplements 5. National Survey of Young Women (and Young Men); Kantner-Zelnick Data. 6. Alan Guttmacher Institute 7. National Center for Health Statistics--collects the vital statistics on births 8. Center for Disease Control A-153 / 505
A154 / 506 TITLE PURPOSE The National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) The National Survey of Family Growth is a primary source of data on U.S. fertility patterns, infertility, reproductive health, contraception, and fertility in- tentions. In addition, the Survey obtains information relevant to child development on such topics as unwanted childbearing, adoption, adolescent pregnancy and unwed motherhood, prenatal care, post-natal care, and infant health. These topics may be examined in relation to in- formation obtained on a variety of social, economic, and family characteristics. In addition, because the NSFG represents the continuation of a line of fertility sur- veys extending back to 1955, it is possible to use the data to continue a set of time-series statistics on family building, contraceptive use, and reproductive health that has covered a period of dramatic change in U.S. family patterns. Data from these surveys have also been used for several studies of changes in family composition. Data are used by health care providers and researchers, demographers and other social scien- tists, and by policy makers at both the federal and local level. SPONSORSHIP The survey is sponsored by the National Center for Health Statistics, Division of Vital Statistics, Family Growth Survey Branch. Funding has been provided by the Office of Family Planning Services in the (then) Bureau of Community Health Services, the Center for Population Research, NICHD, the Office of Adolescent Programs, as well as NCHS. DESI GN Women aged 15 to 44 of all marital statuses are inter- viewed in the nationally representative NSFG. The area probability sample of approximately 8,000 women in 1982 included an over-sample of 1,900 teenagers. Parental consent is obtained for all minors who are interviewed. Separate questionnaires are designed for women under age 25 and 25 and older. The 1982 interview--Cycle III of the NSFG--was the f irst to include all women in the childbearing years regardless of their marital status. Blacks were over-sampled to enable separate analyses of blacks. A change in f fieldwork is planned for the 1986 Survey. To reduce costs, the sample will be selected on the
A-155 / 507 basis of screening questions included in the large and nationally representative Health Interview Survey. PERIODICITY The NSFG provides data that continue a statistical time- series on American fertility patterns that was initiated during the early years of the "baby boom". The Growth of American Families surveys took place in 1955 and 1960 and were continued by the National Fertility Studies of 1965 and 1970. Cycles I, II, and III of the NSFG were fielded in 1973, 1976, and 1982 respectively. Cycle IV is scheduled for 1987. CONTENT Detailed data are collected on fertility events, on in- fertility and contraceptive use, on childbearing plans, adoption, and sex education, on reproductive and infant health, pre-natal and post-natal care, and family com- position. Considerable background information is also collected on the women and their families. LIMITATIONS Since the focus of the Survey is on fertility the range of information on females under 15 and males 15-19 is limited. Under-reporting of abortion occurs in this, as in other household surveys. Since this is a survey of women, children living only with fathers are not represented. Surveys prior to 1982 do not include teens who were not married or their mothers. This restricts~trend analyses that can be done. AVAILABILITY Public use data tapes are available for the entire series of national surveys from the National Technical Information Service. Contact: Dr. William Pratt, Chief, Survey of Family Growth Branch National Center for Health Statistics 3700 East-West Highway Hyattsville, MD 20782 301-436-8731
A-156 / 508 TITLE PURPOSE National Longitudinal Survey of the Labor Market Exper fence of Youth In 1977, it was decided to both continue the existing panels of the National Long itudinal Survey and to expand data collection by initiating a new National Longitu- dinal Survey of Youth. Data f ram the new survey would replicate much of the information obtained on young people in the earlier cohorts and would thus support stud ies of changes in the labor market exper fence of youth. In add it ion ~ the new data on youth would permit evaluation of the expanded employment and training pro- grams for youth established by the 1977 amendments to the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA). The supplementary sample of 1, 300 persons serving in the Armed Forces permit a study of the recruitment and service exper fences of youth in the military. The r ich- ness of the data has also attracted researchers studying fertility issues, educational progress, marriage and divorce, income family structure ~ SPONSORSHIP The Department of Labor initiated the National Long itu- dinal Surveys and has provided much of the funding over the years. However, other agencies including the National Institute of Ch lid Health and Human Develop meet, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Inst itute on Alcohol and Alcohol Abuse, and the Depart- ment of Defense have sponsored portions of the survey. Data are collected by the National Opinion Research Cente r . DESIGN The Youth sample is comprised of a nationally-represen- tative probability sample of 5, 700 young women and an equal number of young men 14-21, as of January 1, 1979, augmented by a sample of 1, 300 young persons serving in the Armed Forces. Blacks, Hispanics, and disadvantaged whites were all over-sampled to facilitate analysis of youth in these population groups. Individuals were con- sidered to be in the population if they resided within the 50 states and were not institutionalized, or if they were on active military duty outside the United States. Non-military respondents were selected using a multi- stage, stratif fed area probability sample of dwelling units and group quarter units. A screening interview was administered at approximately 75, 000 dwellings and group quarters in 202 primary sampling unites. Military
A~157 / 509 respondents were sampled f rom rosters provided by the Department of Defense O A total of 12, 686 persons were interviewed. As of the completion of the f if th ( 1984) interview wave, 96 percent of those interviewed in 1979 were still being i nterviewed. PERIODICITY Interviews have been conducted annually since 19 79 . Interviews are currently planned to continue at least through 1985. CONTENT The National Longitudinal Surveys were designed pri- marily to analyze sources of var iation in the labor market behavior and experience of Americans. Conse- quently, the content of the surveys is weighted toward labor force training and experience. However a great deal of information is also collected regarding formal education, marriage and fertility events, income and assets, family background, attitudes, aspirations, and expectations. Questions on drug and alcohol use are included, as well, along with information on family planning, child care, and maternal and child health care . LIMITATIONS There is under reporting of abortion, pregnancies and births. AVAILABILITY Public use tapes and tape documentation as well as a list of publications are available from the Center for Human Resource Research, 5701 North High Street, Worthington, Ohio 43085. Contact: Frank Mott with questions regarding data on fe rt il ity and maternal and child health (612) 42 2-7 33 7. Information i s also available f rom Pat Rhoton or Dennis Grey or Ken Wolpin, Principal Investigator for the NLS, (614) 422-7337
A-158 / 510 TITLE PURPOSE National Longitudinal Surveys of the Labor Market Experience of: Young Women, Young Men, Mature Women, and Mature Men This series of longitudinal surveys was initiated to ex- plore the labor market experiences over time of several unique cohorts facing employment problems of particular concern to policy makers. The school-to-work transi- tion, initial occupational choice, adaptation to the work of work, the work-family interface and attainment of stable employment are issues of concern for the cohorts of young men, aged 14-24 in 1966 and young women, aged 14-24 in 1968. For middle aged men, aged 45-59 in 1966, issues of declining health, unemployment, the obsolescence of skills, and age discrimination are of concern. Among women 30-44 in 1967, the key issue initially was labor force re-entry for women as their children became older. Subsequently, issues associated with women's retirement became important. Following these cohorts over time enables analysts both to de- scribe the situations of different population groups and to understand the factors that are antecedents and consequences of situations ranging from education and employment, to marriage and family, to economic status. SPONSORSHIP These four longitudinal surveys were initiated by the Off ice of Manpower Policy Evaluation, and Research of the Department of Labor. The Center for Human Research of Ohio State University has developed the question- naires and makes computer tapes and a wide range of documentation available. Field work is conducted by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. DESIGN Each of the four age-sex cohorts is represented by a multi-stage probability sample. To provide samples of blacks that would produce statistically reliable sta- tistics, households in enumeration districts that were primarily black were sampled at a rate between three and four times that of other households. From over 35,000 inhabited housing units, a sample of 5050 men 45-59 was interviewed. A sample of 5225 males 14-24, excluding males on active military service was inter- viewed. Five thousand eight-three women, 30-44, and 5,159 young women 14-24 were also interviewed. The total number of households represented in the four NLS samples is 13,582; thus the sample includes a number of
A-159 / 511 families that have contributed more than one respondent. Initially, most interviews were conducted in person; however the majority of the interviews conducted in person; however the majority of the interviews conducted during the 1970s were done on the telephone. Data have been weighted to adjust for over-sam- pling and for sample attrition; when weighted, the data are nationally representative. As of the 15-year interview points, approximately 56 percent of the males originally 45-59, 65 percent of the younger men, and about 70 percent of the two women's cohorts interviewed initially were still being interviewed. PERIODICITY Young women were interviewed annually between 1968 and 1973, in 1975, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1982, 1983 and 1985. Further interviews are planned for 1987 and 1988. Women were interviewed annually between 1967-69, in 1971-1972, 1974, 1976, 1977, 1979, 1981, 1982, and 1984. Interviews are tentatively planned for 1986 and 1987. Young men were interviewed annually between 1966 and 1971, in 1975, 1976, 1978, 1980, and 1983. Further interviews have been cancelledO Men were interviewed annually between 1966 and 1969, in 1971, 1973, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1981, and 1983. Further interviews have been cancelled. CONTENT In keeping with the primary orientation of the surveys toward labor force issues, numerous questions focus on employment experience, unemployment, income, and training. However, quite a bit of information was collected about the family background and the social and economic status of the family as well. None of the respondents were still children after the mid-1970s; however, a ma jor ity of the young women and young men had become parents by the 1980s, and some limited in- formation is available about their children. Consider- able information, shown below, was collected on the family situation of the young men and young women respondents when they were growing up.
A-160 / 512 AVAILABILITY Data tapes and complete documentation as well as a publications list are available from the Center for Human Resource Research, 5701 North High Street, Worthington, Ohio 43085. Contact: Pat Rhoton or the respect ive cohort coord inator s: Mature men - G ilbert Nestel Mature women - Lois Shaw Young men - Stephen H ills Young women - Frank Mott, or Pr incipal Investigator for the NLS - Ken Wolpin ~ 514 888-8238 or (614) 422-7337
A-161 / 513 TITLE PURPOSE vital Statistics of the United States--Natality The purpose of the nasality reporting system is to col- lect and tabulate at the federal level data on births from the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Demo- graphic and health information can be analyzed by researchers and policymakers interested in assessing the health of infants and pinpointing health problems' making population projections and estimates, and mea- suring progress made by national health programs. In addition, the birth certif icate provides legal proof of the birth. SPONSORSHIP The National Center for Health Statistics, vital Statistics Division, collects and publishes nasality data. DESIGN Data are collected at the local level and forwarded to the state level. States report the data to the Division of Vital Statistics. A certif icate for all live births and for stillbirths is completed by the attending physician or other health personnel. One hundred per- cent of the births are reported to NCHS in 42 states and 50 percent are reported in the remaining areas. PERIODICITY Data collection is continuous. Monthly and annual reports are issued. CONTENT The certif icate of live birth, which is the source of vital registration data, contains a limited number of items. The mother' s marital status is reported for only 41 states and D.C.; as of 1980 it is inferred for 9 states by compar ing parent and child surnames. Parent educations is reported for 47 states and D.C. LIMITATIONS Not all states obtain all information and the range of data is limited (see above
A-162 / 514 AVAILABILITY Data tapes may be purchased f rom the National Technical Information Service (703) 487-4780. Contact: Stephanie Ventura, Selma Taffel or Bob Heuser, Chief (301) 436-8954, Natality Branch, Division of Vital Statistics, N at tonal Cente r f or He alth S tat i st ic s, 3 7 0 0 East-West Highway, Hyattsville, Maryland 20792
A-163 / 515 TITLE PURPOSE Current Population Survey The primary purpose of The Current Population Survey is to provide monthly measures of the character istics of the labor force, labor force participation, employment, and unemployment in the United States as well as ind i- vidual states and reg ions. In addition the survey ser- ves as a vein, cle for a ser ies of supplements, conducted with vary ing deg rees of regular ity. Recent supplements have included job tenure and occupational mobility (January), demog raphic and income supplement (March), alimony and child support (April), multiple job holding (May), fertility (June), immunization (September), school enrollment (Octobe r), and voting and reg istra- t ion (November) ~ These supplements are not necessar fly conducted each year. For example, the voting and reg is- tration supplements are conducted only in elections year s . SPONSORSHIP The core survey is funded by the U . S . Department of Labor, which is responsible for its content. The Supplements are f unded by a va r iety of sponsor s, such as the National Institute of Ch lid Health and Human Development ~ some of the fertility and childcare sup- plements) and the National Center for Education Sta- tistics (the education supplements). The data are collected by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. DESI ON The survey is designed to be representative of all per- sons age 14 or over living in households in the United States. More specifically it covers the civilian non- institutional population plus armed forces personnel living off-base or living on base with their families. A multi-stage probability sampling method is used in- volving f irst the selection of geographically def ined primary sampling units (629 in 1982), next (through sub-stages) the selection of households within sampling units (63, 000 households in 1982), and f inally the iden- tif ication of all persons 14 and over in sample house- holds. In 1983, interviews, conducted in person, were obtained in 60, 000 of the 63 ~ 000 households selected. The sample is designed to cover each of the 50 states arid the D istr lot of Columbia. The sample is slowly changed through the use of rotation groups. Any given rotation group is in the sample for
A-164 / 516 4 months, leaves the sample for 8 months, and returns for a f inal 4 months. In any g iven month the sample is composed of households ~ rom 8 dif ferent rotas ion g romps. PERIODICITY The survey was begun in 1940 and has been conducted monthly s ince then. For the purpose of measuring em- ployment, that week which contains the 12th of the month is used as a reference week. CONTENT In addition to data on employment, unemployment, per- sonal income, and work-related activities, the core survey collects data on family income, housing tenure, household composition, age, sex, education, race/ or ig in, and mar ital statu s. AVAILABILITY A r ich array of published tabulations are available in The Current Population Reports, especially Ser ies P-20 (population characteristics), Series P-23 (special studies), Series P-25 (population estimates and projec- t ions) and P-6 0 ~ consumer income) . Machine-readable micro data f lies are available f ram the Bureau of the Census for most months ~ for infor- mation about the availability of data for a particular month, inquiry may be made at Customer Services). Each f ile contains the data for a particular month. The f irst year for which f lies are available is 1968. Files for March are typically available 3-4 months at ter the survey date . The delay for other months may be longer. Contact: Greg Weiland 301/763-2773 Data Users Services Division: Customer Services 301/763-4100
A-165 / 517 TITLE PU PROSE Current Population Survey~Fertility Supplements The ferti lity supplements are designed to provide national estimates of women' s fertility and expecta- tions for future bi rths. In addition some supple- ments ~ 1977, 1982 ~ have provided information about the child care arrangements used by working mothers for their youngest child under age 5. SPONSORSHIP The fertility and birth expectations portions of the supplement are entirely a pro ject of the U. S . Bureau of the Census. The child care portions of the 1977 supply ment was sponsored by the Department of Health and Human Services and an expanded fertility supplement in 1980 was jointly sponsored by the Bureau and the National Institute of Chi, d Health and Human Development. DESI ON A description of the basic design of the Current Popu- lation Survey was provided in the wr it~up of the core survey. The supplemental questions have been asked of all persons i n sampled households meeting certain el i- gibility requirements Most recently these criteria are being an never-mar ried female age 15-59 or a never mar r fed f emale age 18-59 ~ B ir th expectat i on que st ions are asked of women 18-440 However, these age criteria have var fed f rom as low as age 14 to as high as age 75 In the expanded fertility supplement mar ital history data were gathered on men age 15-75 as well as women. PERIODICITY The supplement has been conducted each June since 19 71. A supplement is planned for 1984. CONTENT Each supplement collects data on fertility and birth expectations. In addition the 1971, 1975,, and 1980 supplements provide data on marr iages and child spac ing; and the 1977 and 1982 supplements, on child care. The 1980 supplement for the f irst time collected data on the marr iage hinter ies of men as well as of women, and included questions about men's children under 18 from precarious marriages and whether any of these children 1 ive elsewhe re ~
A-166 / 518 LIMITATIONS The usual supplement is quite brief, only providing data on total number of births, the birthdate of the youngest (sometimes also the oldest) child, and the number of additional children expected. The child care sections in 1977 and 1982 cover only child care arrange- ments of working mothers with children under 5, and for only the youngest of these children. Data are gathered on the kind of payment (cash or non-cash) but not the amount. The exclusion of unmarried women under 18 from any of the supplements means that no data on out-of- wedlock births to younger teenagers are available from this source. Analyses of data from the marriage histories have shown that such retrospective histories are subject to con- siderable error, especially with regard to events several years in the past. The survey's practice of obtaining information from proxy respondents undoubtedly compounds this effect. Since most respondents are women, the data for men are most ser iou sly af fected. Compar isons with other sources of data also show that the reports of men's children from previous marriages 1 iv ing elsewhe re ar e too low . AVAILABILITY Refer to the description of the core surveys Machine- readable micr~data f iles are available for June f rom 1973. The latest tape currently available containing data f rom the June supplement is for 1982 .
A-167 / 519 TITLE PURPOSE The National Surveys of Young Women and Men (Kantner- Z elnik data) The Kantner-Zelnik studies have been a primary source of data on sexual exper fence of U. S . females between the ages of 15 and 19 during the 1970' s and males age 17 to 21 in ~ 979. In addition, the three surveys (1971, 1976, and 1979) collected information on contraceptive use,, pregnancies, pregnancy intention, and sex educa- tion exper fence. SPONSORSHIP John I. Kantner and Melvin Zelnik have been the prin- cipal investigators of these surveys. Funding has been provided by the Center for Population Research, NICHD, the Ford Foundation, and General Services Foundation. DESIGN The designs have differed slightly for the three inter- views. The 19 71 survey interviewed 15-19 year old women 1 iving in households in the continental United States, N=4 611, and by means of a separate sample, young women living in college dormitories, total N=4611, and by means of a separate sample, young women living in college dormitories, total N=219. The 1976 survey sam- pled 2500 women born between March 1956 and February 1961 (age 15-19) living in households in the continental United States. The 1979 survey included both young women and young men living in households in Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs) in the continen- tal United States. Eligible female respondents were born between March 1959 and February 1964 (ages 15-19), total N=1,717, and eligible men between March 1957 and February 1962, total N=917. PERIODICITY Interviews have been conducted in three different years: 1971, 1976 and 1979. There have been different respondents in each cohort. CONTENT Detailed data are collected on sexual activity, contra- ceptive use, pregnancy r pregnancy intention, and sex education experience. Some background information was also collected. LIMITATIONS Under reporting of abortions, pregnancies and births.
A-168 / 520 TITLE Alan Guttmacher Institute (AGI) PURPOSE The Alan Guttmacher Institute is a primary source of data on U.S. abortion services. The AGI has surveyed all identif fed abort ion providers in each state each year since 1973. SPONSORSHIP The Alan Guttmacher Institute, which receives support f ram a var iety of pr ~ vate foundations. DESIGN All identif fed abortion providers in each state are surveyed . PERIODICITY The survey has covered each year f rom 1973-1982. CONTENT Data on age, race, mar ital status, education, number of children, gestation at abortion, number of previous abortions, and method of abortion are obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and combined with AGI data on the total number of abortions to generate national estimates. t
