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A Science Strategy for the Exploration of Europa (1999)
Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications (CPSMA)
Space Studies Board (SSB)

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. "2 Current State of Knowledge About Europa." A Science Strategy for the Exploration of Europa. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1999.

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A Science Strategy for the Exploration of Europa

TABLE 2.1 Galileo Science Instruments and Investigators

 

Instrument

Description

Investigator/ Team Leader

Objectives

Remote Sensing (Despun)

SSI Solid-State Imaging camera

A 150-cm focal length narrow-angle telescope (inherited from Voyager), with an image sensor, filter wheel, focal plane shutter, and electronics

Michael Belton, National Optical Astronomy Observatories

Geology of Galilean satellites; atmospheric motions and structures of small-scale clouds

 

NIMS Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer

A 22.8-cm diameter (f/3.5), 80-cm focal length, Ritchey-Chretien telescope with a spatial scanning secondary mirror and diffraction grating spectrometer

Robert Carlson, Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Surface/atmospheric reflection/emission

 

PPR Photo-polarimeter Radiometer

A Cassegrainian Dall-Kirkham telescope with a 10-cm aperture, a 50-cm focal length, and a 2.5-milliradian instantaneous field of view

James Hansen, Goddard Institute for Space Studies

Atmospheric particles, thermal/reflected radiation

 

UVS/EUV (spinning) Ultraviolet Spectrometer

The UVS is a Cassegrainian Dall-Kirkham telescope with a 5.03 x 5.28-cm aperture and a 25.0-cm focal length. The telescope is the front end to a standard 12.5-cm focal length. Ebert-Fastie scanning spectrometer.

Charles Hord, University of Colorado

Atmospheric gases, aerosols, etc.

 

and

 

and

 

 

Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer

The EUV is an objective grating spectrometer with a mechanical collimator; it is a modified Voyager spare ultraviolet spectrometer with an electrical interface to adapt it to the Galileo command and data bus.

A. Ian F. Stewart, University of Colorado

 

Fields and Particles (Spinning)

MAG Magnetometer

An electronics box and two sets of ring core triaxial fluxgate sensors

Margaret Kivelson, UCLA

Strength and fluctuations of magnetic fields

 

EPD Energetic Particles Detector

Divided into two systems: the Low-Energy Magnetospheric Measurements System (LEMMS) and the Composition Measurements System (CMS), both contained in one package, with bi-directional, solid-state detector telescopes mounted on a platform that rotates via a stepper motor to eight positions

Donald Williams, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

Electrons, protons, heavy ions

 

PLS Plasma Subsystem

A concentric set of four spherical-plate electrostatic analyzers and three miniature magnetic mass spectrometers

Louis Frank, University of Iowa

Composition, energy, distribution of ions

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