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B Symbols p D DH Fr g go G J k-£ L n Heat capacity, or specific heat, J/kg-K Diffusion coefficient, m2/s Hydraulic diameter, m Froude number Acceleration due to gravity (not necessarily Earth's), m/s2 Gravity level at Earth's surface, m/s2 Artificial gravity level produced by rotation, m/s2 Inlet velocity, m/s Turbulent kinetic energy (k) and dissipation (£) Characteristic length scale or distance between boundaries, m Numerical exponent (greater than unity), dimensionless NSUB Nondimensional inlet subcooling p Pressure in fluid, N/m2 q max Critical heat flux, W/m2 Radial position, m Radius of pipe, m Saturation temperature, K Wall temperature R T sat or lw U W W X y Axial velocity fluctuation, m/s Lateral velocity fluctuation, m/s u'v' Reynolds stress (divided by density), m2/s2 Angular velocity of general rotation (e.g., of spacecraft about a distant axis), radians/s Flow rate, kg/s Axial dimension, m Radial distance (e.g., of spacecraft) from axis of general rotation, or lateral position, m Lateral dimension, m 193
194 ock £ V rl r p C, £ CO APPENDIX B Volume fraction of phase k An overall difference of a property (e.g., /\p), measured or given at a certain position Amplitude of oscillation, m Friction number, fLIDH Kinematic viscosity of fluid, m2/s Single-phase pressure-drop-to-inlet-velocity ratio, N-s/m4 Two-phase pressure-drop-to-inlet-velocity ratio, N-s/m4 Mass density of fluid medium, kg/m3 Surface tension, N/m Reynolds stress (~) and turbulent dissipation (£) Angular velocity, radians/s