National Academies Press: OpenBook

Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline (1999)

Chapter: Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

Appendix D
Data on Emissions from Light-Duty Motor Vehicles Using Fuels Selected from the Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program and the California Ethanol Testing Program

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

TABLE D-1 Exhaust Emissions from Fuels F, S, U, T, N2 and MM

Fuel Type

No.

90 MIRa (g O3/mi)

91 MIRb (g O3/mi)

97 MIRc (g O3/mi)

NOx (g/mi)

VOC (g/mi)

mean ± SDM

mean ± SDM

mean ± SDM

min

max

mean ± SDM

min

max

mean ± SDM

min

max

No Oxygenate

F

19

0.480 ± 0.070

0.663 ±0.096

0.766 ± 0.117

0.34

2.30

0.530 ± 0.065

0.10

1.05

0.201 ± 0.028

0.10

0.57

S

9

0.496 ± 0.105

0.687 ± 0.146

0.820 ± 0.182

0.43

2.24

0.566 ± 0.083

0.13

0.94

0.218 ± 0.047

0.10

0.58

Ethanol Blend

U

11

0.476 ± 0.097

0.658 ± 0.133

0.765 ± 0.164

0.31

2.20

0.574 ± 0.087

0.13

1.06

0.205 ± 0.040

0.10

0.56

T

10

0.465 ± 0.096

0.644 ±0.133

0.757± 0.165

0.40

2.20

0.572 ± 0.095

0.14

1.11

0.203 ± 0.040

0.11

0.55

MTBE Blend

N2

9

0.497 ± 0.114

0.681 ± 0.156

0.803 ± 0.188

0.39

2.24

0.619 ± 0.095

0.11

1.05

0.206 ± 0.042

0.11

0.53

MM

12

0.439 ± 0.084

0.601 ± 0.115

0.703 ± 0.139

0.38

2.11

0.583 ± 0.073

0.14

0.85

0.183 ± 0.031

0.11

0.50

 

 

CO (g/mi)

97 MIR Specific Reactivity (g O3/g VOC)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

mean ± SDM

min

max

mean ± SDM

min

max

 

 

 

 

 

No Oxygenate

 

 

 

 

 

F

19

2.76 ± 0.50

0.95

7.92

2.96 ± 0.12

1.68

3.79

 

 

 

 

 

S

9

2.57 ± 0.57

1.08

5.68

3.02 ± 0.15

1.99

3.74

 

 

 

 

 

Ethanol Blend

 

 

 

 

 

U

11

2.79 ± 0.72

0.81

8.29

2.85 ± 0.13

1.87

3.66

 

 

 

 

 

T

10

2.52 ± 0.60

0.81

6.42

2.93 ± 0.15

1.85

3.62

 

 

 

 

 

MTBE Blend

 

 

 

 

 

N2

9

2.82 ± 0.73

0.95

6.86

3.00 ± 0.16

2.00

3.75

 

 

 

 

 

MM

12

2.28 ± 0.54

0.74

6.30

3.03 ± 0.16

1.98

4.00

 

 

 

 

 

a Uses the SAPRC1990 chemical mechanism.

b Uses the SAPRC1991 chemical mechanism.

c Uses the SAPRC1997 chemical mechanism.

Abbreviations: No., number of samples; SDM, standard deviation of the mean; rain, minimum; max, maximum.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

TABLE D-2 Diurnal Emissions for Fuels F, S, U, T, N2 and MM

Fuel Type

No.

97 MIRa (g O3/test)

VOC (g/test)

mean ± SDM

min

max

mean ± SDM

min

max

No Oxygenate

F

26

0.782 ± 0.092

0.19

1.89

0.311 ± 0.035

0.12

0.88

S

9

0.556 ±0 116

0.19

1.41

0.199 ±0.034

0.07

0.37

Ethanol Blend

U

9

0.801±0.120

0.44

1.56

0.305 ± 0.040

0.20

0.55

T

9

0.699 ± 0.113

0.31

1.25

0.256 ± 0.040

0.15

0.51

MTBE Blend

N2

9

0.680 ± 0.196

0.19

1.75

0.221 ± 0.054

0.06

0.55

MM

9

0.737 ± 0.124

0.29

1.49

0.228 ± 0.035

0.10

0.40

 

 

97 MIR Specific Reactivity (g O3/g VOC)

 

 

 

 

 

mean ± SDM

min

max

 

 

 

No Oxygenate

 

 

 

F

26

2.55 ± 0.14

1.40

4.05

 

 

 

S

9

2.76 ± 0.21

1.99

3.86

 

 

 

Ethanol Blend

 

 

 

U

9

2.60 ± 0.14

1.76

3.16

 

 

 

T

9

2.71 ±0.14

2.00

3.34

 

 

 

MTBE Blend

 

 

 

N2

9

3.06 ± 0.37

1.52

5.63

 

 

 

MM

9

3.23 ± 0.22

2.19

4.12

 

 

 

a Uses the SAPRC1997 chemical mechanism.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

TABLE D-3 Hot-Soak Emissions for Fuels F, S, U, T, N2 and MM

Fuel Type

No.

97 MIRa (g O3/test)

VOC (g/test)

mean ± SDM

min

max

mean ± SDM

min

max

No Oxygenate

F

26

1.10 ± 0.21

0.16

4.37

0.306 ± 0.054

0.07

1.11

S

9

0.92 ± 0.29

0.20

3.12

0.257 ± 0.075

0.06

0.84

Ethanol Blend

U

9

1.36 ± 0.27

0.37

3.17

0.422 ± 0.082

0.14

0.96

T

9

1.26 ± 0.30

0.36

3.55

0.385 ± 0.091

0.12

1.08

MTBE Blend

N2

9

0.97 ± 0.31

0.18

3.30

0.282 ± 0.085

0.07

0.93

MM

9

1.27 ± 0.32

0.21

3.55

0.339 ± 0.084

0.07

0.91

 

 

97 MIR Specific Reactivity (g O3/g VOC)

 

 

 

 

 

mean±SDM

min

max

 

 

 

No Oxygenate

 

 

 

F

26

3.43 ± 0.09

2.48

4.40

 

 

 

S

9

3.49 ± 0.08

3.11

3.84

 

 

 

Ethanol Blend

 

 

 

U

9

3.17 ± 0.10

2.56

3.58

 

 

 

T

9

3.28 ± 0.10

2.76

3.86

 

 

 

MTBE Blend

 

 

 

N2

9

3.31 ± 0.12

2.73

3.93

 

 

 

MM

9

3.73 ± 0.12

3.01

4.18

 

 

 

a Uses the SAPRC1997 chemical mechanism.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

TABLE D-4 Exhaust Emissions for Current, Federal Tier 1, and Advanced Technology Vehicles Using Fuels C1 and C2

Fleet

Fuel C1 (no oxygenate)

Fuel C2 (MTBE)

Mean ±SDM

min

max

Mean ± SDM

min

max

Current

(No. = 9)

 

 

(No. = 17)

 

 

1991 MIR (g O3/mi)

0.808 ± 0.193

0.37

2.28

0.783 ± 0.137

0.32

2.32

1997 MIR (g O3/mi)

0.969 ± 0.225

0.45

2.68

0.964 ± 0.165

0.42

2.69

NOx (g/mi)

0.466 ± 0.080

0.13

0.84

0.494 ± 0.067

0.09

0.99

VOC (g/mi)

0.239 ± 0.050

0.10

0.61

0.241 ± 0.038

0.10

0.65

97 MIR specific reactivity (g O3/g VOC)

3.38 ±0.17

2.23

4.01

3.42 ± 0.13

2.31

4.09

CO (g/mi)

2.46 ± 0.65

0.77

6.38

2.21 ± 0.40

0.86

6.20

HCHO (mg/mi)

4.9 ± 1.2

1.7

14.1

4.9 ± 0.8

1.3

13.6

CH3CHO (mg/mi)

1.6 ± 0.4

0.7

4.6

1.6 ± 0.3

0.7

4.7

Butadiene (mg/mi)

1.02 ± 0.23

0.4

2.7

0.97 ± 0.18

0.4

2.9

Benzene (mg/mi)

6.6 ± 1.8

2.8

21.0

7.3±1.6

2.6

25.9

Federal Tier 1

(No. = 10)

 

 

(No. = 10)

 

 

1991 MIR (g O3/mi)

0.423 ± 0.025

0.34

0.49

0.416 ± 0.022

0.27

0.51

1997 MIR (g O3/mi)

0.518 ± 0.027

0.42

0.59

0.505 ± 0.026

0.38

0.69

NOx (g/mi)

0.284 ± 0.052

0.16

0.51

0.316 ± 0.049

0.13

0.55

VOC (g/mi)

0.121 ± 0.005

0.10

0.14

0.118 ± 0.006

0.09

0.16

97 MIR specific reactivity (g O3/g VOC)

3.51 ± 0.14

2.93

3.83

3.52 ± 0.11

2.97

4.04

CO (g/mi)

1.35 ± 0.12

0.99

1.94

1.34 ± 0.11

0.78

2.19

HCHO (mg/mi)

1.8 ± 0.2

0.9

2.3

2.1 ± 0.1

1.2

2.6

CH3CHO (mg/mi)

0.66 ± 0.08

0.3

0.9

0.63 ± 0.06

0.3

1.0

Butadlene (mg/mi)

0.59 ± 0.08

0.3

0.9

0.55 ± 0.06

0.3

0.8

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

Fleet

Fuel C1 (no oxygenate)

Fuel C2 (MTBE)

Mean ±SDM

min

max

Mean ± SDM

min

max

Federal Tier 1

(No.= 10)

 

 

(No. = 10)

 

 

Benzene (mg/mi)

3.3 ± 0.2

2.5

3.8

3.4 ± 0.2

2.5

4.2

Advanced Technology

(No.= 12)

 

 

(No.= 12)

 

 

1991 MIR (g O3/mi)

0.298 ± 0.028

0.19

0.39

0.280 ± 0.022

0.14

0.40

1997 MIR (g O3/mi)

0.371 ± 0.025

0.28

0.45

0.349 ± 0.026

0.19

0.51

NOx (g/mi)

0.124 ± 0.029

0.04

0.25

0.122 ± 0.019

0.03

0.26

VOC (g/mi)

0.088 ± 0.005

0.07

0.11

0.083 ± 0.006

0.06

0.12

97 MIR Specific Reactivity (g O3/g VOC)

3.56 ± 0.19

2.79

4.18

3.53 ± 0.11

2.70

4.04

CO (g/mi)

0.90 ± 0.12

0.58

1.39

0.84 ± 0.07

0.48

1.26

HCHO (mg/mi)

1.4 ± 0.4

0.5

3.5

1.6 ± 0.2

0.7

3.4

CH3CHO (mg/mi)

0.44 ± 0.12

0.2

1.0

0.48 ± 0.09

0.1

1.2

Butadiene (mg/mi)

0.44 ± 0.07

0.3

0.8

0.42 ± 0.06

0.2

0.9

Benzene (mg/mi)

2.8 ± 0.2

2.2

3.8

2.7 ± 0.1

2.0

3.3

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

TABLE D-5 Hot-Soak Emissions for Current Vehicles, Federal Tier 1 Vehicles, and Advanced-Technology Vehicles Using Fuels C1 and C2

Fleet

Fuel C1 (no oxygenate)

Fuel C2 (MTBE)

Mean ±SDM

min

max

Mean± SDM

min

max

Current

(No. = 8)

 

 

(No. = 17)

 

 

1991 MIR (g O3/test)

0.360 ± 0.049

0.21

0.56

0.417 ± 0.091

0.03

1.80

1997 MIR (g O3/test)

0.520 ± 0.085

0.14

0.94

0.575 ± 0.102

0.07

2.11

VOC (g/test)

0.13 ± 0.02

0.05

0.24

0.16 ± 0.03

0.02

0.52

97 MIR specific reactivity (g O3/g VOC)

3.90 ± 0.20

2.62

4.70

3.60 ± 0.15

1.67

4.44

Benzene (mg/test)

3.7 ± 0.6

1.7

6.8

4.0 ± 0.9

0.3

17.6

Federal Tier 1

(No. = 6)

 

 

(No. = 11)

 

 

1991 MIR (g O3/test)

0.566 ± 0.172

0.28

1.49

0.659 ± 0.150

0.15

1.68

1997 MIR (g O3/test)

0.748 ± 0.241

0.37

2.05

0.805 ± 0.198

0.19

2.13

VOC (g/test)

0.18 ± 0.06

0.08

0.50

0.21 ± 0.05

0.06

0.57

97 MIR specific reactivity (g O3/g VOC)

4.07 ± 0.15

3.54

4.49

3.79 ± 0.11

3.23

4.41

Benzene (mg/test)

5.9 ± 2.3

2.0

18.1

6.1 ± 1.6

1.1

18.5

Advanced Technology

(No. = 1)

 

 

(No. = 3)

 

 

1991 MIR (g O3/test)

2.20

 

 

2.11 ± 0.41

1.47

3.11

1997 MIR (g O3/test)

2.96

 

 

2.62 ± 0.46

2.04

3.75

VOC (g/test)

0.94

 

 

0.62 ± 0.11

0.48

0.89

g O3/g VOC

3.16

 

 

4.27 ± 0.12

4.24

4.29

Benzene (mg/test)

17.8

 

 

11.6 ± 1.8

7.5

15.1

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

TABLE D-6 CARB Emission Testing Results of the FTP Teste

Vehicle No.

 

Fuel 63

Fuel 64

 

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

2

 

1033

3.84

 

 

1507

3.85

3.18

0.59

 

 

1198

3.78

 

 

1812

3.51

3.26

0.55

 

 

1160

3.81

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

Mean

1130

3.81

3.05

0.58

1660

3.68

3.22

0.57

3

 

249

3.66

 

 

329

3.56

 

 

 

 

215

3.45

 

 

360

3.32

 

 

3

Mean

232

3.55

2.37

0.55

344

3.44

2.54

0.54

4

 

644

3.46

 

 

906

3.30

 

 

 

 

629

3.56

 

 

590

3.55

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

722

3.41

 

 

4

Mean

637

3.51

2.80

0.55

739

3.42

2.87

0.53

5

 

895

3.16

 

 

816

3.20

 

 

 

 

870

3.33

 

 

1487

3.20

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1225

2.95

 

 

5

Mean

882

3.25

2.95

0.51

1176

3.12

3.07

0.49

6

 

744

3.29

 

 

547

3.31

 

 

 

 

572

3.54

 

 

663

3.24

 

 

 

 

610

3.78

 

 

518

3.56

 

 

6

Mean

642

3.54

2.81

0.55

576

3.37

2.76

0.53

7

 

274

3.38

 

 

250

3.44

 

 

 

 

314

3.28

 

 

281

3.32

 

 

7

Mean

294

3.33

2.47

0.52

265

3.38

2.42

0.53

8

 

1199

3.37

 

 

1088

3.50

 

 

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

Vehicle No.

 

Fuel 63

Fuel 64

 

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

 

 

1056

3.48

 

 

1044

3.48

 

 

8

Mean

1128

3.42

3.05

0.53

1066

3.49

3.03

0.54

9

 

664

3.21

 

 

449

3.44

 

 

 

 

492

3.42

 

 

476

3.37

 

 

9

Mean

578

3.31

2.76

0.52

462

3.41

2.67

0.53

10

 

584

3.56

 

 

647

3.69

 

 

 

 

577

3.41

 

 

624

3.84

 

 

 

 

569

3.76

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

Mean

577

3.58

2.76

0.55

635

3.76

2.80

0.58

11

 

552

3.81

 

 

491

3.69

 

 

 

 

469

3.80

 

 

612

3.46

 

 

11

Mean

511

3.80

2.71

0.58

552

3.58

2.74

0.55

13

 

521

3.43

 

 

615

3.71

 

 

 

 

544

3.55

 

 

592

3.73

 

 

 

 

595

3.64

 

 

 

 

 

 

13

Mean

553

3.54

2.74

0.55

604

3.72

2.78

0.57

14

 

941

3.42

 

 

516

3.56

 

 

 

 

706

4.32

 

 

465

3.65

 

 

 

 

549

3.56

 

 

 

 

 

 

14

Mean

732

3.76

2.86

0.58

490

3.61

2.69

0.56

 

Mean

658

3.53

2.78

0.548

714

3.50

2.80

0.543

 

sd

280

0.189

0.205

0.0232

399

0.181

0.224

0.0228

 

sd mean

81.7

0.0544

0.0591

0.00668

115

0.0523

0.0647

0.000658

t test

 

F-64-F-63

F-64-F-63

F-64-F-63

F-64-F-63

 

 

 

 

ρ value

 

0.35

0.40

0.50

0.40

 

 

 

 

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

TABLE D-7 CARB Emission-Testing Results of the Rep05 Cell

Vehicle No.

 

Fuel 63

Fuel 64

 

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

2

 

180.44

3.83

2.26

0.58

151.31

3.88

2.18

0.59

 

 

130.64

3.76

2.12

0.57

102.47

3.73

2.01

0.57

 

Mean

155.54

3.79

2.19

0.58

126.89

3.81

2.10

0.58

3

 

166.99

4.17

 

 

101.98

4.17

 

 

 

 

118.38

4.01

 

 

105.49

4.10

 

 

 

Mean

142.68

4.09

2.15

0.61

103.74

4.13

2.02

0.62

4

 

340.06

3.88

 

 

380.06

3.93

 

 

 

 

366.25

4.00

 

 

320.68

3.89

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

354.32

3.91

 

 

 

Mean

353.16

3.94

2.55

0.60

351.68

3.91

2.55

0.59

5

 

908.54

3.30

 

 

756.94

3.09

 

 

 

 

845.40

3.24

 

 

926.93

2.89

 

 

 

 

1048.35

3.07

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mean

934.10

3.20

2.97

0.51

841.93

2.99

2.93

0.48

6

 

158.42

4.08

 

 

143.91

4.18

 

 

 

 

128.46

4.06

 

 

125.13

4.02

 

 

 

 

144.61

4.12

 

 

99.74

3.83

 

 

 

Mean

143.83

4.09

2.16

0.61

122.93

4.01

2.09

0.60

7

 

116.42

3.47

 

 

73.04

3.47

 

 

 

 

124.17

1.99

 

 

121.12

3.48

 

 

 

Mean

120.29

2.73

2.08

0.44

97.08

3.48

1.99

0.54

8

 

273.45

3.61

 

 

292.15

3.57

 

 

 

 

298.20

3.52

 

 

407.08

3.73

 

 

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

Vehicle No.

 

Fuel 63

Fuel 64

 

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

 

Mean

285.83

3.57

2.46

0.55

349.61

3.65

2.54

0.56

9

 

85.89

2.77

 

 

105.84

3.02

 

 

 

 

80.83

2.93

 

 

73.51

3.10

 

 

 

Mean

83.36

2.85

1.92

0.45

89.67

3.06

1.95

0.49

10

 

214.00

3.13

 

 

103.53

2.81

 

 

 

 

211.34

3.00

 

 

148.80

3.20

 

 

 

 

139.07

2.76

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mean

188.13

2.96

2.27

0.47

126.17

3.01

2.10

0.48

11

 

265.93

3.97

 

 

245.14

3.96

 

 

 

 

269.96

3.95

 

 

285.10

4.11

 

 

 

Mean

267.94

3.96

2.43

0.60

265.12

4.04

2.42

0.61

13

 

27.52

3.05

 

 

43.75

3.37

 

 

 

 

24.70

3.08

 

 

19.26

2.73

 

 

 

 

39.54

3.44

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mean

30.59

3.19

1.49

0.50

31.50

3.05

1.50

0.48

14

 

176.44

3.33

 

 

230.01

3.44

 

 

 

 

194.07

3.45

 

 

187.81

3.38

 

 

 

 

106.58

2.96

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mean

159.03

3.25

2.20

0.51

208.91

3.41

2.32

0.53

 

Mean

239

3.47

2.23

0.539

226

3.26

2.21

0.48

 

sd

236

0.498

0.346

0.0615

220

0.932

0.37

0.22

 

sdm

68.3

0.144

0.100

0.0178

63.4

0.269

0.106

0.065

ttest

 

F-64-F-63

F-64-F-63

F-64-F-63

F-64-F-63

 

 

 

 

ρvalue

 

0.34

0.51

0.26

0.43

 

 

 

 

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

TABLE D-8 CARB Emission-Testing Results of the 1-Hour Hot Soak (SHED)

Vehicle No.

 

Fuel 63

Fuel 64

 

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

7

 

687.39

2.87

 

 

793.28

2.91

 

 

 

 

774.40

2.89

 

 

1091.27

2.65

 

 

7

Mean

730.89

2.88

2.86

0.46

942.28

2.78

2.97

0.44

8

 

112.78

2.08

 

 

127.00

2.17

 

 

 

 

103.09

2.57

 

 

241.20

2.25

 

 

8

Mean

107.94

2.32

2.03

0.37

184.10

2.21

2.27

0.34

9

 

204.81

2.65

 

 

546.12

2.23

 

 

 

 

220.84

2.65

 

 

496.77

2.39

 

 

9

Mean

212.83

2.65

2.33

0.42

521.44

2.31

2.72

0.36

10

 

873.68

2.90

 

 

1762.09

2.75

 

 

 

 

988.00

2.82

 

 

1679.19

2.61

 

 

 

 

964.17

2.86

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

Mean

941.95

2.86

2.97

0.46

1720.64

2.68

3.24

0.43

11

 

138.64

2.66

 

 

165.89

2.16

 

 

 

 

111.06

2.32

 

 

223.55

2.24

 

 

11

Mean

124.85

2.49

2.10

0.40

194.72

2.20

2.29

0.34

13

 

220.96

2.87

 

 

384.84

2.26

 

 

 

 

133.76

2.58

 

 

404.01

2.22

 

 

 

 

142.61

2.56

 

 

 

 

 

 

13

Mean

165.78

2.67

2.22

0.43

394.43

2.24

2.60

0.35

 

Mean

381

2.65

2.42

0.421

660

2.40

2.68

0.379

 

sd

361

0.213

0.402

0.0356

589

0.259

0.382

0.0454

 

sdm

147

0.087

0.164

0.0145

241

0.106

0.156

0.0186

ttest

 

F-64-F-63

F-64-F-63

F-64-F-63

F-64-F-63

 

 

 

 

ρ value

 

0,048

0.0063

0.0020

0.0075

 

 

 

 

Note: SHED = sealed-housing-for-evaporative-determination facility.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

TABLE D-9 CARB Emission-Testing Results of the O- to 24-Hour Diurnal (SHED)

Vehicle No.

 

Fuel 63

Fuel 64

 

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

7

 

21223.40

2.15

 

 

21871.28

2.00

 

 

 

 

18659.70

2.13

 

 

24969.49

2.10

 

 

7

Mean

19941.55

2.14

4.30

0.33

23420.38

2.05

4.37

0.31

8

 

4282.02

1.41

 

 

11250.40

1.18

 

 

 

 

4893.90

1.33

 

 

8844.45

1.30

 

 

8

Mean

4587.96

1.37

3.66

0.14

10047.42

1.24

4.00

0.09

9

 

2650.33

1.47

 

 

4531.86

1.83

 

 

 

 

2643.23

1.52

 

 

3869.91

2.07

 

 

9

Mean

2646.78

1.50

3.42

0.18

4200.89

1.95

3.62

0.29

10

 

13680.52

2.15

 

 

33992.48

1.90

 

 

 

 

14127.95

2.11

 

 

28313.19

1.71

 

 

 

 

19181.15

1.74

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

Mean

15663.20

2.00

4.19

0.30

31152.83

1.81

4.49

0.26

11

 

2182.50

1.84

 

 

2921.51

1.92

 

 

 

 

2003.68

2.01

 

 

3071.85

2.03

 

 

11

Mean

2093.09

1.93

3.32

0.28

2996.68

1.97

3.48

0.30

13

 

2622.41

1.15

 

 

2872.04

1.50

 

 

 

 

1583.05

1.29

 

 

3334.12

1.40

 

 

 

 

1873.49

1.25

 

 

 

 

 

 

13

Mean

2026.32

1.23

3.31

0.09

3103.08

1.45

3.49

0.16

 

Mean

7830

1.69

3.70

0.219

12490

1.74

3.91

0.235

 

sd

7900

0.377

0.443

0.0992

12000

0.327

0.448

0.0880

 

sdm

3230

0.154

0.181

0.0405

4900

0.134

0.183

0.0359

t test

 

F-64-F-63

F.64-F.63

F-64-F-63

F-64-F-63

 

 

 

 

ρ value

 

0.10

0.63

0.0035

0.59

 

 

 

 

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×

TABLE D-10 CARB Emission Testing Results of the 24- to 48-Hour Diurnal (SHED)

Vehicle No.

 

Fuel 63

Fuel 64

 

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

Total Reactivity O3 (mg/mi)

Specific Reactivity

Log Total Reactivity

Log Specific Reactivity

7

 

19074.88

1.72

 

 

27754.89

1.61

 

 

 

 

19707.16

1.74

 

 

24402.44

1.63

 

 

7

Mean

19391.02

1.73

4.29

0.24

26078.66

1.62

4.42

0.21

8

 

14637.40

1.36

 

 

25633.44

1.37

 

 

 

 

13567.74

1.33

 

 

27628.16

1.40

 

 

8

Mean

14102.57

1.34

4.15

0.13

26630.80

1.38

4.43

0.14

9

 

3061.17

1.28

 

 

6595.22

1.45

 

 

 

 

3392.42

1.36

 

 

6974.17

1.37

 

 

9

Mean

3226.80

1.32

3.51

0.12

6784.69

1.41

3.83

0.15

10

 

11190.77

1.69

 

 

33313.56

1.65

 

 

 

 

14347.75

1.78

 

 

29459.05

1.74

 

 

 

 

16287.71

1.45

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

Mean

13942.08

1.64

4.14

0.22

31386.30

1.69

4.50

0.23

11

 

3217.83

1.38

 

 

7084.59

1.28

 

 

 

 

2879.87

1.54

 

 

9709.03

1.26

 

 

11

Mean

3048.85

1.46

3.48

0.16

8396.81

1.27

3.92

0.10

13

 

4745.35

1.13

 

 

4335.13

1.25

 

 

 

 

2299.48

1.21

 

 

4959.99

1.18

 

 

 

 

2662.13

1.17

 

 

 

 

 

 

13

Mean

3235.65

1.17

3.51

0.07

4647.56

1.21

3.67

0.08

 

Mean

9490

1.44

3.85

0.156

17300

1.43

4.13

0.152

 

sd

7200

0.212

0.383

0.0638

11900

0.191

0.360

0.0572

 

sdm

2940

0.0867

0.156

0.0261

4870

0.0778

0.147

0.0233

t test

 

F-64-F-63

F-64-F-63

F-64-F-63

F-64-F-63

 

 

 

 

ρ value

 

0.024

0.77

0.0022

0.81

 

 

 

 

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 239
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 240
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 241
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 242
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 243
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 244
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 245
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 246
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 247
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 248
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 249
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 250
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 251
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D Data on Emissions from LDVs Using Fuels Selected from the AQIRP Study and the California Ethanol Testing Program." National Research Council. 1999. Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9461.
×
Page 252
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The Committee on Ozone-Forming Potential for Reformulated Gasoline was asked whether the existing body of scientific and technical information is sufficient to permit a robust evaluation and comparison of the emissions from motor vehicles using different reformulated gasolines based on their ozone-forming potentials and to assess the concomitant impact of that approach on air-quality benefits of the use of oxygenates within the RFG program. As part of its charge, the committee was asked to consider (1) the technical soundness of various approaches for evaluating and comparing the relative ozone-forming potentials of RFG blends, (2) technical aspects of various air-quality issues related to RFG assessment, and (3) the sensitivity of evaluations of the relative ozone-forming potentials to factors related to fuel properties and the variability of vehicle technologies and driving patterns.

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