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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1990. Japanese to English Machine Translation: Report of a Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9512.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1990. Japanese to English Machine Translation: Report of a Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9512.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1990. Japanese to English Machine Translation: Report of a Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9512.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1990. Japanese to English Machine Translation: Report of a Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9512.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1990. Japanese to English Machine Translation: Report of a Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9512.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1990. Japanese to English Machine Translation: Report of a Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9512.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1990. Japanese to English Machine Translation: Report of a Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9512.
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Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1990. Japanese to English Machine Translation: Report of a Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9512.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1990. Japanese to English Machine Translation: Report of a Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9512.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1990. Japanese to English Machine Translation: Report of a Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9512.
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Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

Report of ~ Symposium on J~csc to English China Dansln1ion How ~ He Radons Academy of Sconces ~ ~hin~on, D.C. On D~emb~ ~ 1989 O~cc of J~= as Computer Sconce ad Technology Boa and Rash Council NATIONS CADET TESS ~sh~g[on, D.C. 1990

NOTICE: We project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special ccxnpetencies and with regard for appropriate balance. This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. Ihe National Academy of Sciences of the United States is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Frank Press is president of the National Academy of Sciences. Me National Academy of Engineering of the United States was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievement of engineers. Dr. Robert M. White is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Samuel O. Shier is president of the Institute of Medicine. 'Ihe National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal govemment. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Research Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Research Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Mediane. Dr. Frank Press and Dr. Robed M. White are chainnan and vice-chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council. Available from: Office of Japan Affairs National Research Council 2101 Constitution Avenue N.W. Washington, DC 20418 Printed in the United States of America Ihe Japanese to English translation on the cover is Edited machine translation output provided by Systran.

STEERING COMMITTEE Symposium on Japanese to English Machine Translation Dr. Roger Levien, Chairman Vice President, Corporate Strategy Office Xerox Corporation Dr. Jaime Carbonell Computer Science Professor Director of Machine Translation Center Carnegie Mellon University Dr. Charles Freiman Director The Engineering Foundation Dr. Richard Samuels Associate Professor Department of Political Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology . . . ~1

PROGRAM SYMPOSIUM ON JAPANESE TO ENGLISH MACHINE TRANSLATION National Academy of Sciences, Lecture Room December 7, 1989 8:15 - 8:45 AM Registration 8:45 AM Chairman's Opening Remarks: Roger Levien, Xerox Corporation 8:50 AM Welcome: Lee W. Mercer, Deputy Under Secretary for Technology, United States Department of Commerce 9:00 - 10:30 AM Panel on the State of the Art Presenters: Makoto Nagao, Kyoto University Jaime Carbonell, Carnegie Mellon University Commentators: David Johnson, IBM Alvin Despain, University of Southern California 10:30 - 12:00 PM Panel on Market Prospects Presenters: Chuck Walrad, Systran Takehiko Yamamoto, Bravice International, Inc. Commentators: Tom Seal, ALPNET Cheryl Bettels, DEC-Geneva 12:00 - 12:20 PM Remarks: Representative George E. Brown Jr., United States Congress 12:30- 1:30PM Lunch 1V

1:30 - 3:00 PM Presenters: Commentators: 3:00 - 4:30 PM Presenters: Commentators: 4:30 - 5:30 PM Panel on User Needs Mark Eaton, MCC Maria Russo, Xerox Corporation Dale Bostad, Wright Patterson AFB Alan Melby, Brigham Young University/LinguaTech Panel on R&D Policy Bernard E. Scottj Logos Muriel Vasconcellos, Pan American Health Organization Richard Samuels, MIT Ralph Quinn, Bell Labs James Unger, University of Hawaii (Great Hall) Info renal Reception and Demonstrations of Machine Translation Systems and Machine Aids for Translators v

COMMITTEE ON JAPAN The Committee on Japan has been established to advise the Office of Japan Affairs on its programs, and to assist in defining the contribution that the Academies can make in enhancing U.S. interests through science and technology exchange with Japan. Harold Brown, Chairman Johns Hopkins Foreign Policy Institute Daniel Okimoto, Vice Chairman Stanford University Justin Bloom Technology Intemational, Inc. Lewis Branscomb Harvard University Mac Nestler University of Maryland Ellen Frost United Technologies Corporation Lester Krogh 3M Company James Merz University of California, Santa Barbara Yoshio Nishi Hewlett-Packard Company Terutumo Ozawa Colorado State University Ex Officio Members: Gerald Dinneen, Foreign Secretary, National Academy of Engineering William Gordon, Foreign Secretary, National Academy of Sciences V1 Susan Pharr U.S.-Japan Relations Program, Reischauer Institute John D. Rockefeller IV U.S. Senate Richard Samuels MIT-Japan Science and Technology Program Roland Schmitt Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Hubert J. P. Schoemaker Centecor, Inc. Ora Smith Conductus, Inc. Susumu Tonegawa Massachusetts Institute of Technology

OFFICE OF JAPAN AFFAIRS Since 1985, the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering have engaged in a series of high-level discussions on advanced technology and the international environment with a counterpart group of Japanese scientists, engineers, and industrialists. One outcome of these discussions has been a deepened understanding of the importance of promoting a more balanced two-way flow of people and information between the research and development systems in the two countries. Another result was a broader recognition of the need to address the science and technology policy issues increasingly central to a changing U.S.-Japan relationship. In 1987, the National Research Council, the operating arm of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering, authorized first-year funding for a new Office of Japan Affairs (OJA). This newest program element of the Office of International Affairs was formally established in the spring of 1988. The primary objectives of OJA are to provide ~ resource to the Academy complex and the broader U.S. science and engineering communities for information on Japanese science and technology; to promote better working relationships between the technical communities in the two countries by developing a process of deepened dialogue on issues of mutual concern; and to address policy issues surrounding a changing U.S.-Japan science and technology relationship. Staff Martha Caldwell Harris, Director Donna J. Audritsh, Research Associate Karen McDowell, Program Assistant Karen Duffy, Research Intern . . V11

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BOARD in. Joseph F. Traub, Chairman Columbia University Alfred V. Aho AT&T Bell Laboratories John Seely Brown Xerox Corporation Palo Alto Research Center Michael L . Dertouzos Massachusetts Institute of Technology Samuel H. Fuller Digital Equipment Corporation James Freeman Gilbert University of Califomia, San Diego William A. Goddard m Califomia Institute of Technology John ~ Hennessy Stanford University John E. Hopcroft Comell University Robert E. Kahn Coloration for National Research Initiatives Sidney Kann San Diego Supercomputer Center Leonard Kleinrock University of Califomia, Less Angeles Robert Langridge University of Califomia, San Francisco Abraham Peled IBM T. J. Watson Research Center Raj Reddy Camegie Mellon University Mary Shaw Camegie Mellon University William J. Spencer Xerox Corporation Ivan E. Sutherland Sutherland, Sproull & Associates Victor Vyssotsky Digital Equipment Corporation Irving Wladawsky-Berger IBM Corporation . . . V111

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BOARD The Computer Science and Technology Board was established in 1986 to address technical and policy issues in computer science and associated technologies. The Board pursues its mission by promoting the health of the technology and related fields of pure and applied science; initiating studies involving computer science and technology as a critical national resource; responding to requests from the government, nonprofit foundations, and industry for advice on computer science and technology; and providing a base of expertise within the National Research Council in the area of computer science and technology. The Board's membership, half of which is corporate and half academic, reflects its belief in a partnership of the corporate and academic sectors. In addition, the Board includes a mix of computer and computational scientists, ensuring that the perspective of the computer user is considered. The Board has an ambitious agenda, focusing on research needs and public policies to enhance U.S. production and use of new computer technologies. Specific priority areas include international competitiveness, high-performance computing, software, talent production, new computer applications, a national infrastructure for future computational technologies, and the articulation of the importance of the field. Staff Marjory S. Blumenthal, Executive Director Damian M. Saccocio, Staff Officer Herbert Lin, Staff Officer Margaret A. Knemeyer, Staff Associate Donna F. Allen, Administrative Secretary Catherine A. Sparks, Senior Secretary Pam Rodgers, CSTB Consultant 1X

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