APPENDIX C
Table of Lethal and Incapacitating Chemical Weapons
|
Agent |
Effects |
Onset |
First Aid |
|
Nerve Agents: |
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|
GA (Tabun), ethyl N,N-dimethyl-phosphoramidocyanidate GB (Sarin), isopropyl-methylphophonofluoridate GD (Soman), Trimethylpropylmethylphophonofluoridate GF, cyclohexyl-methylphophonofluoridate VX, o-ethyl S-[2-(diiospropylamino)ethyl]methylphophonofluoridate |
Miosis, rhinorrhea, dyspnea, convulsions |
seconds to minutes |
Atropine, pralidoxime,anticonvulsants, ventilation |
|
Vesicants: |
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|
H, HD (mustard), bis-2-chlorethyl sulfide CX (Phosgene oxime), dichloroformoxime |
Erythema, blisters, eye irritation, dyspnea |
minutes to hours |
Decontamination, topical antibiotics, bronchodilators, ventilation |
|
L (Lewisite), β-chlorovinyldichloroarsine |
British antilewisite |
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|
Cyanide: |
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|
AC (Hydrocyanic acid) CK (Cyanogen chloride) |
Loss of consciousness, convulsions, apnea |
minutes |
Nitrites, sodium thiosulfaate |
|
Pulmonary Agents: |
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|
CG (phosgene), carbonyl chloride DP (Diphosgene), trichloromethylchlorformate |
Dyspnea, coughing |
minutes to hours |
Oxygen, ventilation, bronchodilators |
|
Riot Control Agents: |
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|
CS, 2-chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile CN, 1-chloroacetophenone CR, dibenz (b,F)-1:4-oxazepine CA, bromobenzylcyanide DM, diphenylaminearsine DA, diphenylchlorarsine DC, diphenylcyanoarsine |
Burning stinging of eyes, nose, airway, vomiting |
seconds to minutes |
Water for eyes, skin, bronchodilators, oxygen, ventilation for lungs |
|
Opioids: |
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|
Carfentanil Sufentanil |
Dyspnea, ataxia, catatonia |
minutes |
Naloxone, nalnefene, naltrexone, ventilation |
|
Anesthetics: |
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|
Chloroform Halathane Cyclopropane Ether |
Analgesia, loss of reflexes and conciousness |
minutes |
Ventilation |
|
Antimuscarinics: |
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|
BX, 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate |
mydriasis, erythema, ataxia, delirium |
1 hour |
Tacrine, physostigmine |
|
Cholinergics: |
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|
Nicotine Epibatidine Anatoxin A |
Weakness, tremors, apnea, convulsions |
minutes |
Mecamylamine |
