Items in cart [0] Questions? Call 888-624-8373

Rights & Permissions Free Resources PDF FORMAT Display this book on your site! Related Titles Gulf War and Health: Volume 5. Infectious Diseases Growing Up Global: The Changing Transitions to Adulthood in Developing Countries Other Related Titles Language and Machines: Computers in Translation and Linguistics (1966) Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Page 54   E-mail  Facebook  Digg  Stumble  Twitter More Page 54 Front Matter (R1-R11) Contents (R12-R14) Human Translation (1-1) Types of Translator Employment (2-3) English as the Language of Science (4-4) Time Required for Scientists to Learn Russian (5-5) Translation in the United States Government (6-6) Number of Government Translators (7-8) Amount Spent for Translation (9-10) Is there a Shortage of Translators or Translation? (11-12) Regarding a Possible Excess of Translation (13-15) The Crucial Problems of Translation (16-18) The Present State of Machine Translation (19-24) Machine-Aided Translation at Mannheim and Luxembourg (25-28) Automatic Language Processing and Computational Linguistics (29-31) Avenues to Improvement of Translation (32-33) Recommendations (34-34) Appendix 1. Experiments in Sight Translation and Full Translation (35-36) Appendix 2. Defense Language Institute Course in Scientific Russian (37-38) Appendix 3. The Joint Publications Research Service (39-40) Appendix 4. Public Law 480 Translations (41-42) Appendix 5. Machine Translations at the Foreign Technology Division, U.S. Air Force Systems Command (43-44) Appendix 6. Journals Translated with Support by the National Science Foundation (45-49) Appendix 7. Civil Service Commission Data on Federal Translators (50-53) Appendix 8. Demand for and Availability of Translators (54-56) Appendix 9. Cost Estimates of Various Types of Translation (57-66) Appendix 10. An Experiment in Evaluating the Quality of Translations (67-75) Appendix 11. Types of Errors Common in Machine Translation (76-78) Appendix 12. Machine-Aided Translation at the Federal Armed Forces Translation Agency, Mannheim, Germany (79-86) Appendix 13. Machine-Aided Translation at the European Coal and Steel Community, Luxembourg (87-90) Appendix 14. Translation Versus Postediting of Machine Translation (91-101) Appendix 15. Evaluation by Science Editors and Joint Publications Research Service and Foreign Technology Division Translations (102-106) Appendix 16. Government Support of Machine-Translation Research (107-112) Appendix 17. Computerized Publishing (113-117) Appedix 18. Relation Between Programming Languages and Linguistics (118-120) Appendix 19. Machine Translation and Linguistics (121-123) Appendix 20. Persons Who Appeared Before the Committee (124-124)

Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.

OCR for page 54
Appendix 8 Demand for and Availability of Translators A. GEOGRAPHICAL DEMAND According to the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Employment Security, the geographical demand for translators during calendar year 19 64 was centered in Washington, D.C . (see below) . The only other demand recorded on the bureau's interarea recruitment records was as follows: Month, 1964 No. of Openings Locations January 4 Minn., Mo., Ark., Hawaii February 5 N.J., Pa., Mo., Ark., Hawaii March 2 Mo., Ark. April 2 Mo., Ark. May 3 N.J., Ohio, Mo. June 3 N.J., Ohio, Mo. July 2 Minn., Mo. August 2 N.J., Mo. September 2 N.J., Mo. October 2 N.J., Mo. November 2 N.J., Mo. December 3 N.J., Ill., Mo. Although New Jersey and Missouri each appear more frequently than do the other states, the Bureau feels that this repetitive require- ment reflects difficulty in securing qualified persons rather than a turnover of translator personnel. B. GOVERNMENT AGENCIES IN THE WASHINGTON AREA THAT ANNOUNCED VACANCIES IN FISCAL YEAR 1964 (Data supplied by the U.S. Employment Service, District of Columbia Professional Placement Center) 54

OCR for page 55
Agency Central Intelligence Agency Department of State U.S. Information Agency U. S. Joint Publications Research Service Voice of America National Security Agency C. GOVERNMENT VACANCIES BY TYPE OF EMPLOYMENT Language (s) Information not available Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Slavic French All Hindi Formation not available (Data supplied by United States Employment Service, District of Columbia Professional Placement Center) I. Full-Time Translators Note: The U.S. Employment Service defines full-time employment in the following categories: (a) Permanent full-time—A position that lasts more than 30 days and has a 5-day, 40-hr week. (b) Temporary full-time—A position that lasts 4 to 30 days arid has a 5-day, 40-hr week. (c) Short-time full-time—A position that lasts less than 4 days and has an 8-fur day. The only agency that requested permanent full-time translators was the National Security Agency. No translators were requested under categories (b) and (c). IT. Part-Time Translators Note: The U.S. Employment Service defines part-time employment in the following categories: (a) Permanent part-time—A position that lasts more than 30 days and has less than an 8-fur day. (b) Temporary part-time—A position that lasts 4 to 30 days and has . less than an 8-fur day. (c) Short-time part-time—A position that lasts less than 4 days and has less than an 8-fur day. Permanent part-time translators (a) were requested by the U.S. Joint Publications Research Service. Temporary part-time translators (b) were requested by Lee U.S. Department of State Foreign Service institute. No short-time part-time translators (c) were requested. It is interesting to note that the agency requesting category (b) translators did not request category (c) translators. D. NUMBER OF AVAILABLE TRANSLATORS IN THE WASHINGTON AREA The U.S. Employment Service, District of Columbia Professional Placement Center, has 523 translators registered. (The number 55

OCR for page 56
of available translators (826) exceeds the number of translators registered (523) because many translators indicated their ability to work in more than two languages). A sample of the number of trans- lators available for work in some of the more exotic languages is shown below. Language African Languages Akau Amharic Efik Fante Hausa Ibo Mandingo Swahili Twi Yoruba Chinese Languages Mandarin Cantonese Shanghai Fukien Indian Languages Bengali Guj arati Hindi Malayalam Tamil Telugu Urdu Philippine Languages Bikol Chabokano Ermitano Tagalog Wraywaray No. of Available Translators 2 4 1 2 2 3 1 6 1 3 21 3 3 1 6 4 11 4 5 5 4 1 1 The Committee would like to express its appreciation to Miss E. Catherine Phelps, Manager of the U.S. Employment Service, District of Columbia Professional Placement Center, for her co- operation in providing these data for the Committee's use. 56

Representative terms from entire chapter:

placement center