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OCR for page 24
24 THE STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS AND
The Survey library has consistently grown during this period. It now
has six thousand publications, and nearly two thousand topographic
sheets, maps, and folios. Exhibits have been prepared of economic
geology and mineralogy; the forestry of the State is represented by 165
sections of trees; the agricultural exhibits include displays of cotton,
grain, fruits, nuts, etc., and in addition there are the educational, the
entomological, and the ethnological exhibits.
PRESENT MAIN LINES OF WORK
At. present, the Survey is engaged in reconnaissance mapping of the
crystalline rocks of Georgia. in preparation of a State geological map.
The Survey is also investigating the mica and kaolin deposits of the
State.
PREVIOUS SURVEY ORGANIZATIONS
In August, 1874, the Governor of Georgia appointed Dr. George Little
as State Geologist. As funds were provided for five years only by the
Act of 1874, the Geological Survey was interrupted after the year 1879.
Although in 1878 and 1879 several bills wereintroduced providing for its
continuance, they failed to pass; in 1886 another effort to re-establish
the department failed.
IDAHO *
The Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology was created by the legisla-
ture in 1919. Its office is located at the School of Mines, University of
Idaho, Moscow, Idaho.
SCOPE OF ACTIVITIES
Under the law it is the duty of the Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology
to conduct cooperative work with the United States Bureau of Mines in
the investigation of mining and metallurgical problems of the State, and
to conduct cooperative work with the United States Geological Survey
in completing the topographical mapping of the State, in hydrographic
surveys, or in other geological work deemed by the Board advantageous
to the development of the mineral or water power resources of the State,
provided that the Federal expenditure for such purposes shall be at least
equal to that of the State; and~to conduct such geological and economic
investigations or surveys of the mineral resources of the State, inde-
pendently of the United States Geological Survey, as may be deemed
by the Board advantageous; and to publish from time to time such
bulletins and reports of progress as the Board may deem expedient.
* Information furnished by John W. Finch, Secretary, March, 1932.
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THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 20
ORGANIZATION
The Idaho Bureau of Hines and Geology is under the direction of the
State Board of Control of the Bureau, which consists of the following
members: The Governor of the State of Idaho, who is. ex officio chair-
man, the Dean of the School of Mines of the University of Idaho, who is
ex officio secretary of the Board, the State Inspector of Mines, the IIeaa
of the Department of Geology of the University of Idaho, and the Presi-
dent of the Idaho Mining Association. All members of the Board serve
without pay, provided, however that they shall receive their a.nt~.1 one
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 7 ~ J ~ ~ ~ v owl ~ ~ ~
necessary traveling expenses while attending the meetings of the Board.
The executive officer, John W. Finch, has the title of Secretary, by
law. lIis appointment is continuous so long as he is Dean of the School
of Mines, University of Idaho. His duties are equivalent to those of
state geologist in other states. IIe is allowed traveling expenses by the
Board, but serves without salary, by the provision of the law. He rives
about one-third of his time to Bureau work.
. , _ ,, .
The main work of the Bureau is done by college professors, under the
direction of the Secretary, but students and others are employed, when
qualified, as. assistants and in other subordinate positions. The clerical
work of the Bureau is handled by one office secretary and accountant.
The geologic staff includes the following: Two geologists serving as
chiefs of field parties, paid while in the field in the summer season at
the rate designated for assistant geologists in the United States Geo-
logical Survey classification; one of these is appointed by the United
States Geological Survey under Civil Service for cooperative work, the
other, by the Secretary, for State work; one chief metallurgist in charge
of laboratory research, paid two months by the Bureau, for the balance
of the year paid as Head of the Department of Metallurgy of the Uni-
versity, but carries on supervision of Bureau research throughout the
year; one mining engineer, assisting chief metallurgist on mining and
metallurgical problems, paid two months by the Bureau, and the balance
of the year paid as Assistant Professor of Mining of the University; one
full-time assistant geologist, 1931, employed for rock and mineral de-
terminations and for answering questions from mining people (this
salary now discontinued, but the same service is maintained by members
of the School of Mines faculty); one full-time chemist, who assists as
analyst in metallurgical research and mineralogical determinations;
two research fellows at the School of Mines, working under the chief
metallurgist, receiving stipends, maintained by the Bureau; and six
student assistants at rodman's wages (summer season), four of whom
are members of cooperative field parties. In addition to this staff as out
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26 THE STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS AND
lined, some hydrographic and engineering work is carried on; one geolo-
gist was engaged on a per diem basis for underground water studies in
1931. One per diem geologist is employed to assemble well-logs and to
study cores and Grillings. Cooperative topographic work was done by the
United States Geological Survey men in 1931. No such work has been
arranged for 1932.
The Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology is not connected officially
with a university or other state institution, except that by an under-
standing with the University of Idaho the Bureau has the use of the
School of Mines laboratories and equipment, and in turn gives oppor-
tunities for research in metallurgy through Bureau fellowships.
APPROPRIATIONS
The source of support for the Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology is
through special appropriation by the Legislature. This is partly con-
tingent upon Federal cooperation as previously explained. There is no
income from royalties.
Amount of appropriation for 1925-26 $30,000
Amount of appropriation for 1927-28 35,500
42,600
44,183
_ ~ , - ..
Amount of appropriation for 1929-30................
Amount of appropriation for lg31-32................
The total axnount is divided into three funds, the 1931-32 appropria-
tion being distributed as follows:
In cooperation with the U. S. Bureau of Mines..
In cooperation with the U. S. Geological Survey.
State Mineral Resources Investigation..........
Total ..........................
$15,583
4,900
13,700
$44,183
The average distribution of expenditure of these annual a.ppropri-
ations has been estimated in the following percentages:
Per cent
1. Administrative and routine clerical work 15
2. Topographic field work 1
Not more than 10 per cent of State is completed with
satisfactory topographic maps.
3. Geologic work, not including printing...
4. Geographic work ......................
5. Other items, inspection of gas wells, ground water.
6. Mineral determination service...................
................ 48
lo
6
30
00
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THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 27
PUBLICATIONS
The Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology has issued 14 bulletins, 35
pamphlets, and several press. bulletins upon geological, metallurgical and
mining subjects, and ground water investigations. Also, the United
States Geological Survey has printed Bulletin 814 as the result of co-
operative work. Our reports include publications upon mining and
metallurgy. In addition to those published by the State Bureau, the
United States Bureau of Mines has issued Bulletin 205, Technical Paper
403, Reports of Investigations (Serial Nos. 2932 and 2949), and In-
formation Circular No. 6382,upon work in cooperation with the Bureau.
Another report was prepared in 1931 by the State Commissioner of
Reclamation upon a ground water problem studied jointly with the
Bureau. The United States Geological Survey has recently issued a
press memorandum upon cooperative investigations of ground water in
the Snake River Plains.
Much detailed geology remains to be done in Idaho, but inadequate
appropriations delay its completion. An amount double the present ap-
propriations could be used advantageously at this time in studying the
gold areas upon which the interest of mining people is at present
focussed.
PRINCIPAL ACCOMPLISHMENTS SINCE 1911
The Bureau of Mines and Geology was organized in 1919. Since that
time it has investigated the economic geology of the State, and prepared
and published numerous reports. These investigations have dealt princi-
pally with the geology and ore deposits of various districts within the
State but have also included studies of clay deposits, of phosphate de-
posits, of oil and gas possibilities, of ground water resources, etc. As
has already been stated, considerable work hats been done in coopera-
tion with the United States Bureau of Mines and the United States
Geological Survey.
PRESENT MAIN LINES OF WORK
The Bureau is carrying on detailed geological field study, and the map-
ping of two quadrangles in gold-producing areas of the state, and is also.
completing, independently of the United States Geological Survey, the
geologic map of Latch County. At the present time the Bureau is not
contributing toward cooperative surveys.
Metallurgical research upon problems in the treatment of Idaho ores
is carried on continuously; also, free service is given prospectors and
mining companies in making mineral determinations, and general geo-
logical and mining information is supplied to citizens who make inquiries.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
states geological
