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OCR for page 471
APPENDIX A
METHODOLOGY:
SURVEY
OF INDIVIDUAL
LIFE SCIENTISTS
POPULATION SELECTION
Detailed information from over 12,000 of some 24,000 biologists identified
as actively engaged in research and working within the United States of
America or its possessions was obtained from July 20 through November
30, 1967. The questionnaire "Survey of Life Scientists" forwarded to each
individual is reprinted here as Exhibit A-1. All individually identifiable
biologists meeting the following four criteria were surveyed:
Possessed a doctoral degree (Ph.D. or D.Sc.) or a health-professional
degree, regardless of field of training or nature of degree. (The British
MB.BS. was equated with the American M.D. degree.)
Was employed full-time.
Was a self-classified biologist, either by training or by research activity.
Devoted 20 percent or more of the work week to research during 1966
or expected to do so in 1967.
471
OCR for page 472
472
THE LIFE SCIENCES
The National Science Foundation National Register of Scientific and
Technical Personnel had the most complete listing of scientists, which in-
cluded the desired population. Through cooperation of the Foundation
and its National Register 23,388 individuals answering the 1966 Register
Questionnaire were identified who clearly met the first two criteria and who
were considered likely to meet the third and fourth criteria above for the
following reasons:
The first or second work activity had been identified as one of the
following:
Basic research
Clinical research and investigation
Applied research
Management or administration of research or development
Clinical practice
One of the following categories (including all subcategories) of the
Register's 1966 Specialties List had been identified as the area of greatest
specialization:
GROUP A
Agronomy
Anatomy
Animal Husbandry
Biochemistry
Biophysics
Biochemical
C)ceanography
Botany
Ecology
Entomology
Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Biometrics and Statistics
Climatology
Clinical Psychology
Fish and Wildlife
Forestry
Genetics
Horticulture
Immunology
Microbiology
Nutrition
Pathology
Pharmacology
Physiology
GROUP B (Interdisciplinary)
Plankton
Plant Pathology
Range Management
Virology
Zoology
Other Biomedical
Specialties
Biology
All Other (Biology)
Experimental, Comparative, and
Physiological Psychology
Hydrology
Paleontology
Soil Specialties
OCR for page 473
APPENDIX A
TABLE A- 1 Proportion of Scientists with Certain Interdisciplinary
Specialties Included in the Life Sciences Survey
MEETING SURVEY CRITERIA
AREAS OF PRIMARY
SPECIALIZATION
NUMBER
LISTED BY Number also Percentage
NATIONAL Associated with of Total
REGISTER AIBS orFASEB in Category
TOTAL4,601841 18.3
Agricultural and Food Chemistry912210 23.0
Biometrics and Biostatistics15319 12.4
Climatology71S 7.0
Clinical Psychology45913 2.8
Experimental, Comparative, and
Physiological Psychology1,892105 5.5
Hydrobiology1148 7.0
Paleontology3 8145 11.8
Soil Specialties619436 70.4
For scientists listing one of the interdisciplinary fields in Group B. inclu-
sion in the survey further required that they had listed a member society of
either the American Institute of Biological Sciences or the Federation of
American Societies for Experimental Biology as their major professional
society. Approximately 2,500 scientists reported Group B interdisciplinary
specialties, however, only 843 individuals fulfilled the additional require-
ment of society membership. Table A-1 shows the number of scientists
reporting these subspecialties to the Register and the percentage meeting
the additional criterion.
Approximately 87 percent of the individual names finally included were
provided by the National Register; and for these biologists the Register
also provided the following data:
Year of birth
Sex
Citizenship (U.S. or foreign only)
Professional identification
Type of principal employer
Professional location (state only)
Support of research from federal funds (yes, no, or unknown)
OCR for page 474
474
THE LIFE SCIENCES
Additional biologists, if their names did not appear on the National
Register list, were identified within the following groups and were included
in the survey:
Consultants (155) comprising the 22 panels of the Life Sciences Study.
Department chairmen (preclinical and clinical) of the 87 functioning
medical schools listed in the 1966-1967 Directory of the Association of
American Medical Colleges. *
All chairmen identified by the American Institute of Biological Sci-
ences in its listing of "Life Science Departments."
Chairmen of additional life science departments identified by the Office
of Scientific Personnel of the National Research Council.
The unduplicated membership, active and emeritus, of four clinical
medical research societies:
The American Society for Clinical Investigation
Society for Gynecological Investigation
Society for Pediatric Research
Society of University Surgeons
Inclusion of the membership of the four societies compensated for in-
complete coverage of clinical investigators by the National Register. In all,
approximately 2,500 additional individual society members were identified
who potentially qualified as research biologists. No presurvey information
was available concerning their work activity; survey returns subsequently
revealed that a high proportion of members of these clinical medical
societies were not actively engaged in research.
The selection criteria excluded most paleontologists identified by the
National Register; of the 381 individuals listing paleontology as their major
specialization, only 45 were included in this survey. Systematic biologists,
though not having to list society identification as a secondary requirement,
also appear to be under-represented. Anthropologists, including physical
anthropologists (1,172 scientists), were excluded.
Table A-2 summarizes the number and source of names in the survey
mailing, and Table A-3 summarizes the percentage return of completed
questionnaires.
~ Directory of Administrative Sta§, Department Chairmen and Individual Members
in Medical Schools of the United States and Canada, Association of American Medi-
cal Colleges, Evanston, Illinois, 1967.
OCR for page 475
APPENDIX A 475
TABLE A-2 Composition of Mailing List, Individual Life Scientists
SOURCES
TOTAL VALID NAVIES a
National Register
Consultants
Departmental Chairmen (Medical)
Departmental Chairmen (Other)
Clinical Research Society Members
N UM BER OF LIFE
SCIENTISTS
25,946
22,490
23
721
283
2,429
a Biologists not meeting all criteria for inclusion in the study were subtracted from the total mailing,
as were all questionnaires returned because of incorrect addresses, etc.
Tabular data in the body of this report include only those individuals
providing all necessary information; therefore, the grand total of any indi-
vidual table is somewhat less than the total respondents. Awkward place-
ment of Question 19, which dealt with individuals' research areas, caused
approximately 25 percent of the respondents to omit this question. Internal
correlation of several parameters shows the omission to be random. Thus
the percentages of life scientists working for the various types of major
employer were similar for the total survey population and for the 8,139
biologists who also reported their research areas (Table Ago. Because
TABLE A-3 Summary of Returns: Individual Life Scientists
CATEGORY
A. TOTAL VALID MAILING a
B. Maximum Potential Researchers b
C. TOTAL RETURNS a
D. Life Scientists Meeting Research Criteria
NUMBER OF LIFE
SCIENTISTS
25,964
23,967
14,362 (55.4% of A)
12,383 (51.7% of B)
a Biologists not meeting all criteria for inclusion in the study were subtracted from the total mailing,
as were all questionnaires returned because of incorrect addresses, etc.
b This number is the total valid mailing minus the known nonresearch biologists and represents a
maximal figure since it is impossible to estimate what proportion of nonrespondents qualified as
researchers.
OCR for page 476
THE LIFE SCIENCES
TABLE A-4 Similarity of Distribution by Major Employer between
Respondents to Question 18 and All Respondents
PRINCIPAL
EMPLOYER
LIFE SCIENTISTS
TOTAL SURVEY REPORTING CURRENT
POPULATION RESEARCH AREA
Number Percentage
Number Percentage
TOTAL12,364 100.08,139 100.0
Institution of Hi:,her Education8,288 67.05,476 67.3
Nonacademic Total4,076 33.02,663 32.7
Private Industry or Business1,186 9.6761 9.4
Federal Government1,713 13.91,149 14.1
Federal Contract Research Center135 1.181 1.0
State and Local Government3 09 2.5200 2.5
Nonprofit Organization462 3.7315 3.9
Independent Hospital or Clinic219 1.8133 1.6
Self-employment23 0.28 0.1
All Other29 0.216 0.2
only 19 people failed to report an employer, a total approximating 8,139
must be considered the reference base, representing 100 percent response,
for all tabulations having "research area" as one category. Similar com-
parison of the percentages trained in different fields (Table A-5), of geo-
graphic location, and of type of doctoral degree earned also revealed no
significant differences between the two groups.
OCR for page 477
APPENDIX A
TABLE A-5 Similarity of Distribution by Field of Training between
Respondents to Question 18 and All Respondents
LIFE SCIENTISTS
TOTAL SURVEY REPORTING CURRENT
FIELD OF TRAINING POPULATION RESEARCH AREA
OF DOCTORAL DEGREE
Number Percentage
Number Percentage
TOTAL12,151100.08,005100.0
Agriculture Subtotal8557.05767.2
Agronomy3472.92272.8
Animal Husbandry1321.1931.2
Fish and Wildlife500.4360.4
Forestry880.7690.9
Horticulture1581.3981.2
Agriculture, Other800.7530.7
Biological Sciences8,26968.1S,54969.3
Anatomy1961.61301.6
Biochemistry1,83415.11,27115.9
Biophysics1601.31151.4
Cytology1090.9801.0
Embryology1050.9801.0
Microbiology1,0108.36568.2
Pathology, Animal770.6590.6
Pharmacology3743.12252.8
Physiology, Animal8056.65356.7
Botany3653.02302.9
Ecology and Hydrobiology234l.91592.0
Entomology4151.S2883.6
Genetics4080.62873.6
Nutrition2213.41531.9
Paleontology and Systematic Biology723.4SO0.6
Pathology, Plant3452.8227'.8
Physiology, Plant3532.92413.0
Zoology7736.45126.4
Biosciences, All Other4133.42583.2
Health-Professional Subtotal2,31519.11,39117.4
M.D.2,11817.41,27015.9
D.D.S.650.535i.4
D.V.M.1090.9741.0
Other a230.2120.1
Related Areas Subtotal 712 5.S 489 6.1
Chemistry 442 3.6 305 3.8
Physical Sciences b 114 0.9 77 1.0
Psychology 105 0.9 73 0.9
All Other Fields c 51 0.4 34 0.4
t' Includes D.O., D.P.H., D.Pharmand other health-professional degrees not specified.
b Includes biometrics and biostatistics, computer science, earth sciences, engineering, mathematics,
physics, and statistics.
c Includes anthropology, other social sciences, and other related fields of training.
477
OCR for page 478
478
DATA ANALYSIS: DEFINITIONS AND TABULATION CONSTRAINTS
Den ions
The questionnaire insert, Exhibit A-2, defines the following:
Life scientists/Life science field
Postdoctoral appointee
Continuing or senior research associate
Research dollars to be reported
Where applicable, definitions used in this study are essentially the same as
those employed in the Academy's study of Postdoctoral Education.*
Constraints
Constraints on certain items tabulated for all respondents include the
following:
Principal employer: State, but not city, tabulated.
Previous employer: Tabulated only if individual reported more than one
employer since earning a doctorate.
Education information: Requested and tabulated only at the baccalau-
reate, doctoral, and postdoctoral levels. No information was obtained per-
taining to the master's degree.
Field of training of doctoral degree-special note: Field of training
presented rho special tabulation difficulties for individuals reporting only a
Ph.D. or D.Sc. degrees. The area of specialization reported for the
most recent doctorate was used. However, for biologists reporting only a
health-professional degree, e.g., M.D., D.D.S., D.V.M., it was considered
inappropriate to assign an area of specialization at the doctoral level. There-
fore, all such respondents, whether they indicated such an area of speciali-
zation at this level or not, were classified by the name of their professional
degree. For respondents who had both a health-professional degree and a
Ph.D. or D.Sc. degree, the field of training of the latter type of degree was
used irrespective of the order in which the degrees were earned.
~ TIze Invisible University: Postdoctoral Education in tize United States, Report of
a Study Conducted under the Auspices of the National Research Council. National
Academy of Sciences, Washington, D. C., 1969.
OCR for page 479
APPENDIX A
The following information was tabulated only for academic life scientists:
Name of principal employer: University names, types of school, and
departmental titles were tabulated. Since approximately 650 distinct de-
partmental names were reported, this parameter was unsuitable for further
analysis.
Salary source: Requested and tabulated as a percentage of the total
salary.
Number and type of personnel in their research groups were requested
only of principal investigators.
Source and amount of research funds were requested only of academic
principal investigators. They were reported as dollars (direct costs) avail-
able to principal investigators on June 1, 1967, 1966, and 1965.
SUBCATEGORY LISTINGS REQUIRED TO ANSWER
QUESTIONS ~ ~ AND ~ 9
The questionnaire insert, Exhibit A-2, contains the Redefined range of
categories to be used by respondents in answering questions pertaining to
the following factors:
Field of training
Research area
Research materials
Research organisms
VALIDITY OF THE RESPONDENT POPULATION
The professional location of the 23,388 biologists identified by the National
Register was compared with the professional location of the 14,362 biol-
ogists returning questionnaires (Table A-69. The percentage of each group
working within a given state was essentially the same for those receiving
questionnaires and those responding. Similar comparison, based on the
type of doctoral degree ts) earned by individual life scientists, showed only
slight differences (Table Ado. Thus, no readily detectable bias was evi-
dent in the population responding to this survey.
479
OCR for page 480
480 THE ElFE SCIENCES
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OCR for page 481
APPENDIX A 481
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OCR for page 489
APPENDIX A 489
1 _ I
27. Give the approximate percent of your computer use that is paid for by:
To Funds from your otrn research grants and contracts
~0 Federal funds provided directly to your computation center in support of research in the life sciences
TO Non-life sciences funds
_ Tic Other
100 To Total
Please check here if your source of computer funds is not known to you
SPECIALIZED FACILITIES
28. Check (of) all appropriate items in Part A and complete Part B.
Facility Was ~ Facility Is Facility Is
A. Available. ~ Available. Unsealable
I utilized it in ~ I plan to utilize but I would
Item last 12 months it in next utili%c it if
No. SPECIALIZED FACILITY ~12 months available
1 Field areas
2 Zoo/aquarium -
3 Taxonomic research collection
4 Organism-identification service
5 Tropical terrestrial station .
6 Tropical marine station
7 Marine station other than tropical
8 High-altitude laboratory .
9 Low-pressure chambers
10 High-pressure chambers_
11 Programmed climate-controlled rooms ~.
(phytotron, biotron, etc) -A
12 Computer center
13 Primate center
14 Other specialized animal colony ~-~
15 Geml-*ee facility
16 Animal-surgery facility
17 Animal-quarantine facility
18 General animal-care facility
19 Cell- and tissue culture-facility ~
20 High-intensity radioactive sources ~5
21 Center for large-scale production of DODD
biological materials
22 Clinical research ward -A
23 Greenhouse
24 Ships greater then 18 ft. (length: ft.)
25 Electrically shielded room
26 Instrument design end,' or fabrication facility ~
B. Select up to 3 items from those you have checked in the right-hand column (Facility ls Unavailable but l
would utilize it if available) and rank in order of greatest priority.
Item No. Item No. Item No.
1st Priority 2nd Priority 3rd Priority
9
EXHIBIT A-1 Questionnaire used in individual survey.
OCR for page 490
490 THE LIFE SCIENCES
MAJOR INSTRUMENTS
29. Check (by) all appropriate items in Part A arid complete Part B.
Instrument Instrument Is Instrument Is Instrument Is
Was Available and Available Unavailable
A Available. I plan to use it in but another but would be used
I used it in the the next 12 months is needed if available
Item last 12 months
No. MAJOR INSTRUMENTS
Acoustic
1 Acoustic-analysis equipment
2 Sonar
3 Ultrasonic probes and censoring
systems .
Centrifuges
4 Analytical ultracentrifuge
5 Preparative ultracentrifuge. _ -
6 Refrigerated centrifuge .
Chromatography
7 Amino acid analyzer.
8 Gas chromatograph .
9 Programmed gradient pump
Counters
10 Automatic particle counter
11 Scintillation counter.-
l 2 Whole-body counter
Microscopy
13 Electron microscope
14 Electron probe for microscopy
15 Fluorescence microscope
16 Metallograph
17 Microtome-cryostat
18 Phase-contrast microscope
Spectrometers
l 9 Electron paramagnetic resonance
spectrometer
20 Mass spectrometer
21 Nuclear magnetic resonance
spectrometer
Spectrop ho to m ete rs / -po la ri -
meters/-fluorimeter
22 Circular dichroism analyzer
23 Infrared spectrophotometer .-
24 Microspectrophotometer
25 Spectrofluorimeter
26 Spectropolarimeter
27 Ultraviolet spectrophotometer
10
EXHIBIT A-1 Questionnaire used in individual survey.
OCR for page 491
APPENDIX A 491
1 1
Instrument Instrument Is Instrument Is Instrument Is
Was Available and Availshle Unavailable
Available. I plan to use it in but another but would be used
Item I used it in the the next 12 months is needed if available
No. MAJOR INSTRUMENTS last 12 months
_ _
X-ray
28 X-ray crystallographic analysis
system
29 X-ray diagnostic system
30 X-ray source
Miscellaneous
31 Apparatus for measuring fast
chemical reactions
32 Artificial kidney
33 Cine and time-motion analysis
equipment
34 Closed-circuit TV.
35 Electrophoresis apparatus
(various types)
36 Intensive-care patient-
monitoring system
37 Infrared CO" analyzer
38 Laser system
39 Large-scale fermenter
40 Light-scattering photometer_
41 Microcalorimeter
42 Multi-channel oscilloscope
43 Multi-channel recorder
44 Osmometers
45 Small specialized computer
system (CAT/LINC, etc.)
46 Stimulus programming and
operant conditioning equipment
47 Telemetering system
B.
Select up to 3 items from those you have checked in the right-hand column (Instrument Is Unavailable but would
be used if available) and rank in order of greatest priority.
Item No. Item No. Item No.
1st Priority 2nd Priority 3rd Priority
11
EXHIBIT A-1 Questionnaire used in individual survey.
OCR for page 492
492 THE LIFE SCIENCES
FACTORS LIMITING YOUR CURRENT RESEARCH PROGRAM
30. If full development of your current research effort is very seriously hindered by one or more of the following
considerations, check (I/) below all particularly significant factors.
YES FACI OR
Space:
Inadequate for personal research
Inadequate Specialized Facilities (of type in Question 28)
Other (specify)
Inadequate Budget fbr:
Consumable supplies and minor equipment (items costing less than $2~000 apiece)
Specialized equipment (items costing more than $2,000 apiece)
Professional staff
Supporting technicians
Clerical/administrative personnel
Student fellowships
Postdoctoral/Investigator fellowships
Computer time
Travel
Other (specify)
Time limitations, because of:
Heavy teaching schedule
Service responsibilities (e.g., patient care)
Administrative duties
Budgeted and Funded Positions in the following categories were not filled for lack
of available, qualified personnel:
Professional staff
Supporting technicians
Clerical/administrative personnel
Insufficient Personal Training in:
Chemistry
Statistics
Mathematics
Use of Computers
Electronics/Engineering
Physics
Supporting Biological Sciences
Constraints Concerning Choice of Research Problem and its direction arising from:
Conditions of your employment
Source of funds which support your research
Other (specify)
12
EXHIBIT A-1 Questionnaire used in individual survey.
OCR for page 493
APPENDIX A 493
YOUR PERSONAL RESEARCH PROGRAM: PERSONNEL, SPACE, AND LEVEL OF
SUPPORT
INSTRUCTION: Questions 31 and 32 are to be completed only if as of June 1, 1967 you were the papal
investigator of a research program, regardless of source of your research support or type of your
employing organization.
3 1. Personnel:
Please list below in Part A the number of individuals (excluding yourself) engaged in your own personal
research program during either (check one) the academic year Ig66-670 or the period July 1, 1966-June
30, 1967~0
A.
Co-investigator(s)
All other professional staff who give all their research time to your research program
These consist of
Visiting scientists
_ Other professional staff
Research /postdoctoral fellows or associates
How many of these are:
Post-Ph.D./D.Sc.
Post-D.D.S.
Post-M.D.
Post-D.V.M.
All non-professional staff (include only those who spend 50~ or more of their time working on your
research program)
Technicians/research assistants
Clerical/secretarial staff
_ Other
All students
_ Pre-B.A./B.S.
Pre-Ph.D./D.Sc.
Te rm in al-M . S .
Other
Pre-M.D.
Pre-D.V.M.
Additional students of all types
for the summer period
INSTRUCTION: Complete Part B if you directed the thesis research of Ph.D. candidates at any time between
academic years 1964-65 and 1966-67.
B. How many students received Ph.D. degrees with you as major professor during the academic years:
1964-65 1965-66
32. Space:
500 to 749 net sq. ft.
750 to 999 net sq. ft.
1000 to 1249 net sq. ft.
1966-67 _
What is the approximate indoor working laboratory space, including space used by any graduate students and
postdoctoral appointees working with you, which you actively use for your own research program? EXCLUDE
office space and common service areas ("departmental" instrument or animal rooms, etc.).
Less than 500 net so. ft. -1250 to 1499 net sq. ft.
1500to 1749netsq.ft.
1750 to 1999 net sq. ft.
2,000 to 2,500 net sq. ft.
]Over 2,500 net ~ ;q. ~ i.
13
EXHIBIT A-1 Questionnaire used in individual survey.
OCR for page 494
494 THE LIFE SCIENCES
THE LAST TWO QUESTIONS BELOW APPLY ONLY IF AS OF JUNE 1, 1967 YOU WERE
PRINCIPALLY EMPLOYED BY AN ACADEMIC INSTITUTION. ALL OTHER RESPONDENTS PLEASE
SIGN AND DATE QUESTIONNAIRE.
33. On June 1, 1967 were you the pnncipd investigator of a research program? Yes ~ No :
INSTRUCTION: If you answered YES to Question 33 above, complete item 34.
34. Level of Research Support and Supporting Organization:
Complete all appropriate items in the table below in accordance with the instructions provided on the separate
Definitions and Instructions Sheet.
LEVEL OF RESEARCH SUPPORT
Column A Column B Column C
June 1,1967 June 1,1966
SUPPORTING Number of Direct Costs Direct Costs
ORGANIZATION Grants/Contracts (seeinstructions) (see instructions)
Your Present Institution X X X $
Dept. Agriculture $
AEC
Dept. Defense
Air Force
Army
Navy.
Other DOD Agencies
Dept. Health, Education
& Welfare
PHS (other than NIH)
Other HEW
Dept. Interior
Column D
June 1, 196S
Direct Costs
(see instructions)
$
5 s s
14
EXHIBIT A-1 Questionnaire used in individual survey.
OCR for page 495
APPENDIX A 495
NASA
Other Federal (specify) $
State and Municipal
Agencies $
Industry
Private
Foundations $
Voluntary Societies
Other Institutions
Other, if more than NO
of total (specify)
MAILING
ADDRESS
for
COMPLETED
QUESTIONNAIRE
-
~ ~ ~. . ~.~.~ ~
S .~
3, S $
Return your completed questionnaire promptly, using
the enclosed self-addressed, stamped envelope:
Committee on Research id the Life Sciences
National Academy of Sciences
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D. C. 20418
(S - snare)
15
Date
EXHIBIT A-1 Questionnaire used in individual survey.
OCR for page 496
496 THE LIFE SCIENCES
DEFINITIONS, INSTRUCTIONS and CODE LISTS
DEFINITIONS
LIFE SCIENTIST/LIFE SCIENCE FIELD:
For the purpose of the present study by the Committee on Research in the Life Sciences and for this specific
questionnaire, the term "LIFE SCIENTIST" is defined to mean any investigator who: (1) has been formally
trained in a LIFE SCIENCE field (agricultural, botanical, zoological, biochemical, biophysical, and biomedical
sciences), or (2) as the result of the nature of his research work, membership in professional societies, attendance
at scientific meetings and self-identification on national surveys of professional manpower, considers himself to be a
life scientist even though formally trained in a physical, behavioral, or social science (e.g., anthropology, psychology).
POSTDOCI,ORAL APPOINTEE:
Temporary (1-3 years) appointments that offer opportunity for continued education and experience in research
usually, though not necessarily, under the supervision of a faculty member. INCLUDED are appointments to
holders of professional (doctoral) degrees who are pursuing research toward second doctoral degrees, and appoint-
ments in government and industrial laboratories which resemble in their character and objectives postdoctoral
appointments in universities. EXCLUDED are service or teaching appointments or residencies in which research
training is not the primary purpose, and members of faculties of other institutions on sabbatical leave.
CONTINUING OR SENIOR RESEARCH ASSOCIATE:
Permanent members of the departmental research staff who possess a Ph.D. (or equivalent) degree but who are
neither formally nor primarily involved in student instruction.
INSTRUCTIONS
QUESTION 11: Private Industry,'Business
The industrial category you check in column I as "most descriptive of the activities in your plant or establish-
ment" should be selected in terms of the product or service, or groups of products or services, produced or sold
by your establishment. In large establishments performing a variety of activities, selection of the major category
may be difficult. Make the best selection you can based on your knowledge of the establishment's production,
shipments, sales, or research activities. Disregard your company's operations at other locations in making this
decision (except for the special case of laboratory establishments which will be discussed subsequently).
The industries listed in the questionnaire are those believed to be employing appreciable numbers of life scientists.
If your industrial category is not shown, please write in the appropriate broad category selected from the list that
follows (or write in your own description), and check in column 1:
Tobacco manufactures
Textiles, apparel, and leather products
Rubber products
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical equipment and supplies
Transportation equipment
Check in column 2 the industry category most closely related to your research unit's work. If necessary, write in a
brief descriptive phrase indicative of this activity and check in column 2.
The "research unit" in which you are working may be a division, or department, or some other organizational
component within the plant or establishment where you are employed. Or it may be the entire establishment, if you
are working in an unattached laboratory.
EXHIBIT A-2 Explanatory insert for individual questionnaire.
OCR for page 497
APPENDIX A 497
If you arc employed in an establishment dcv01~ wholly to research, dcvclopmcnt, and testing or to provision of
medical or dental diagnostic or otbgr sc~iccs, the following points should be considers:
1.
2.
If 1hc mayor portion of 1hc laboratory's services arc sold commercially, 1hc appropria[c industrial category to
~ chow in column I should ~ Sac of the su~~i~ under the non~anu~ud~ hewing ~h hold
whether the laboratory is a single unit cntcrprisc or belongs to a multiunit company engaged primarily in
_~d~.
30mc laboratory cstablishmcnts will be non-commercial in the sonsc that they service primarily 01h@r units
of 1hc parent company or arc cngaped in resca~h of Choral company intcrcst. Sac industry category (column
1 ) should be one of the catcgorics under the manufacturing heading, determined by the activity of 1hc plant,
division, or subsidiary the laboratory sconce. If them is no sp~ciOc tic-in of this type, base 1hc classification
on the major activity of the parent company.
OLESI[ON 33: Level of Research Support and Supponing Organization
In Column A plcasc give for each listed source of support 1hc number of research grants and contracts wave o"
~_-~
- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ An
_ a ~ ~ _ ~ ~ _
_ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~
In Column B for each dcsignatcd Supporting Organization give to the nearest 1he"-nd doing 1hc 1@1~! direct
costs expends and obl~sl~ from these grants/contracts for the 1 2-month period preceding June 1, 1967.
EXCLUDE the items noted below.
In Columns C and D give the same type of deem C@~ dollar in~rmalion (expenditures "- obl=1le-) as
_~0~^~
(Column D).
_ _ ~C~
EXCLUDE: ( 1 ) All funds provided for ~dimc1 COSTS
(2 ) Funds Add for:
1ralnlog grams
direct fellowships
construction of buildings
support of confercoccs/symposia
INCLUDE: ( 1 ) Salarlcs of all prowl personnel, Including >our own, supponcd from these funds.
(2) Salaries of all research assistants, supposing technical and clerical/socretarial. and other
personnel you employs, insofar as such salaries Marc charged against a =~=cb "CC@U"~.
( 3 ) Stipends for graduate students and other funds for graduate student scorch 1ralning
(guy ~ ~ -~- my
(4) Funds you received for:
purchase of equipmcn1
renovation of your research area
priming/publication of rescarcb results
visillng scionlis1(s)
library se~lces~purchase of books and journals
(a ) Olhcr funds not spcclAcally excluded in the list above
EXHIBI14-2 Explanatory insert for individual ~esdonnaire.
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498 THE LIFE SCIENCES
CODE LISTS
Use We cued number office s nele mod aDDr Dr ate catePorv
cat r ~- r - ~of
Agricultural Sciences
1 00 Agronomy
101 Animal Husbandry
102 Fish and Wildlife
1 03 Forestry
1 04 Horticulture
105 Agriculture, Other
Biological Sciences
200 Anatomy
201 Cytology
202 Embryology
203 Physiology. Animal
204 Physiology. Plant
205 Pathology, Plant (see #311 for Animal)
206 Pharmacology
207 Biochemistry
208 Biophysics
209 Biometrics, Biostatistics
210 Botany
2 12 Ecology
2 13 Entomology
214 Genetics
2 15 Hydrobiology
216 Microbiology
2 17 Nutrition
2 18 Paleontology
2 19 Systematics
220 Zoology
221 Bio-Science, Other
Medical Sciences
300 Anesthesiology
301 Dermatology
302 Geriatrics
303 Internal Medicine
304 Endocrinology and Metabolism
305 Gastroenterology
LIST Il: RESF,ARCH AREA
Use the code number of the single most appropriate category
R I Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
R I Cellular Biology
R 12-Developmental Biology
R 13-Genetics
R 14 Pharmacology
R 15-Physiology
R 1 Morphology
R 17-Behavioral Biology
R 18-Ecology
R 19-Evolutionary and Systematic Biology
R 2~Nutrition
R 21-Disease Mechanisms
306 Immunology
307 Infectious diseases
308 Obstetrics and Gynecology
309 Ophthalmology
310 Otolaryngology
311 Pathology, Animal and Human
3 12 Hematology
313 Pediatrics and pediatric specialties
314 Physical medicine and rehabilitation
315 Public health and preventive medicine
3 16 Psychiatry
3 17 Neurology
318 Radiology and nuclear medicine
319 General surgery
320 Cardiovascular surgery
321 Neurological surgery
322 Orthopedic surgery
323 Plastic surgery
324 Thoracic surgery
325 Urology
326 Tropical medicine
327 Dentistry and dental specialties
328 Osteopathy
329 Veterinary medicine
Related Areas
400 Anthropology
40 1 Chemistry
402 Earth Sciences
403 Engineering
404 Mathematics
405 Computer Science
406 Physics
407 Psychology
408 Social Sciences, Other
409 Statistics
410 Other
Related Research Fields
R Anthropology
R 3 Chemistry
R 32-Earth Sciences
R 3 3-Economics
R 34 Engineering
R 35-Mathematics
R 3~Physics Astronomy
R 3 7-Psychology
R 38-Sociology
R 39-Other Related Field
1 ' ,1
EXHIBIT A-2 Explanatory insert for individual questionnaire.
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APPENDIX A 499
LIST III: RESEARCH MATERIALS/ORGANISMS
Please select up to two lettered categories and up to two numbers.
Select the lettered categories which most appropriately identify your primary research materials of your research
program.
Select numbers which most appropriately identify those ORGANISMS you study or employ in your research.
M10 Mathematicalmode'ls
Ml 1 Atomicimolecular models
M 1 2 Design 'fabrication of apparatus
M 13 Development of analytical procedures,'
methodology
M14 Molecular systems
M15 Cell fractions,z'structural components of cells
M16 Disassociated animal or plant cells
M17 Cell cultures
M18 Tissue/tissue slice and organ/organ systems
. ~. ~.~. ~
M19 Artificial organs ~limbs/'devices
M20 Whole organisms
M21 Populations of organisms
M22 Ecosystem studies
M23 Comparative studies within a single phylum or
plant division
M24 Comparative studies across two or more phyla or
plant divisions
M25 None of above
ORGANISMS STUDIED or EMPLOYED
l~None 25-Seed Plants
11~ccur in 3 or more phyla (If 2~ Forest Species
you select this item do not
select a second number.) 28-Porifera
12-Occur in 3 or more plant di- 29-Coelenterata
visions (Do not select a see- 3~Platyhelminthes
and number.)
13-Virus
I ~ Bacteriophage
15- Animal
16- Plant
17-Bacteria
18-Actinomycetes. M y c o p l a s m a
and other Bacteria-like Organ
isms
19-Plankton
Protozoa
21-Algae
22-Fungi
23-Non-Vascular Green Plants
other than Algae
Nonvascular Non-Flowering Plants
27- Horticultural and field crons
31-Nematoda
32-Rotifera
33-Bryozoa
34 Mollusca
35- Commercial
36- Other
37-Annelida
38-Arthropoda
39- Arachnida
4~ Crustacea
41- Insecta
42- Other
4 3-Ech in ode rmata
44 Tunicata
45-Vertebrata
46- Pisces
47- Commercial
48- Other
49- Amphibia
5~ Reptilia
51- Aves
52- Domestic
53- Wild
5 1 Mammalia
55- Common Lab. Rodents
56- Other Rodents
57- Carnivores
58- Domestic
59_ Wild
6()
61-
62-
63-
Ungulates
Domestic
64
65-
66-
Wild
Small primates (incl.
rhesus monkeys)
Large primates (exclude
man)
Man
Other Mammals
67-Other Phylum/Division
EXHIBIT A-2 Explanatory insert for individual questionnaire.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
national register
