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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Children of Immigrants: Health, Adjustment, and Public Assistance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9592.
×

CHILDREN OF IMMIGRANTS

Health, Adjustment, and Public Assistance

Committee on the Health and Adjustment of Immigrant Children and Families

Donald J. Hernandez, Editor

Board on Children, Youth, and Families

National Research Council and Institute of Medicine

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Children of Immigrants: Health, Adjustment, and Public Assistance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9592.
×

National Academy Press
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20418

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This study was supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services through the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation under contract number 282-95-0020 and the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development under cooperative agreement number NO1-HD-6-3253, by the Office of Educational Research and Improvement in the National Institute on Early Childhood Development and Education of the U.S. Department of Education, by the Carnegie Corporation of New York under grant number B6347, by the W.T. Grant Foundation under grant number 94160394, by the Rockefeller Foundation under grant number SI9522, and by the California Wellness Foundation under grant number 9700139. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Children of immigrants : health, adjustment, and public assistance / Donald J. Hernandez, editor ; Committee on the Health and Adjustment of Immigrant Children and Families, Board on Children, Youth, and Families, National Research Council and Institute of Medicine.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN 0-309-06545-3 (pbk. : alk. paper)

1. Children of immigrants—United States—Social conditions. 2. Children of immigrants—United States—Economic conditions. 3. Children of immigrants—Health and hygiene—United States. I. Hernandez, Donald J. II. Committee on the Health and Adjustment of Immigrant Children and Families (U.S.)

HV741 .C536157 1999

362.7′086′91—dc21

99-6624

Suggested citation:

National Research Council and Institute of Medicine (1999). Children of Immigrants: Health, Adjustment, and Public Assistance. Committee on the Health and Adjustment of Immigrant Children and Families, Donald J. Hernandez, editor. Board on Children Youth and Families. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Additional copies of this report are available from:
National Academy Press,
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20418. Call 800-624-6242 or 202-334-3313 (in the Washington Metropolitan Area). This report is also available online at http://www.nap.edu

Printed in the United States of America

Copyright 1999 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Children of Immigrants: Health, Adjustment, and Public Assistance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9592.
×

COMMITTEE ON THE HEALTH AND ADJUSTMENT OF IMMIGRANT CHILDREN AND FAMILIES

Evan Charney (Chair),

Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical Center

Kathleen Gainor Andreoli,

Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Rush University

E. Richard Brown,

School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles

Donald J. Cohen,

Child Study Center, Yale University

Janet Currie,

Economics Department, University of California, Los Angeles

Michael Fix,

Population Studies Center, The Urban Institute

Bill Ong Hing,

School of Law, University of California, Davis

Arthur Kleinman,

Harvard Medical School, Harvard University

Alan Kraut,

Department of History, American University

Nancy S. Landale,

Department of Sociology, Pennsylvania State University

Antonio McDaniel,

Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania

Fernando S. Mendoza,

School of Medicine, Stanford University

Victor Nee,

Department of Sociology, Cornell University

Mary L. de Leon Siantz,

School of Nursing, University of Washington

David R. Smith,

Health Sciences Center, Texas Tech University

Alex Stepick,

Department of Anthropology and Sociology, Florida International University

Sylvia Fernandez Villarreal,

Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco General Hospital

David Featherman (Liaison),

Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan

Fernando Guerra (Liaison),

Board on Children, Youth, and Families

Donald J. Hernandez, Study Director

Katherine Darke, Research Assistant

Nancy Geyelin Margie, Research Assistant

Karen Autrey, Senior Project Assistant

Ronné Wingate, Project Assistant

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Children of Immigrants: Health, Adjustment, and Public Assistance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9592.
×

BOARD ON CHILDREN, YOUTH, AND FAMILIES

Jack P. Shonkoff (Chair),

Heller Graduate School, Brandeis University

David V.B. Britt,

Children's Television Workshop, New York City

Larry Bumpass,

Center for Demography and Ecology, University of Wisconsin

Sheila Burke,

John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University

David Card,

Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley

Kevin Grumbach,

Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco

Maxine Hayes,

Community and Family Health, Department of Health, Olympia, Washington

Margaret Heagarty,

Department of Pediatrics, Harlem Hospital Center, Columbia University

Aletha C. Huston,

Department of Human Ecology, University of Texas at Austin

Renée Jenkins,

Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Howard University Hospital

Sheila Kamerman,

School of Social Work, Columbia University

Sanders Korenman,

School of Public Affairs, Baruch College

Honorable Cindy Lederman,

Circuit Court Judge, Juvenile Division, Dade County, Florida

Sara McLanahan,

Office of Population Research, Princeton University

Vonnie McLoyd,

Department of Psychology, University of Michigan

Paul Newacheck,

Institute of Health Policy Studies and Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco

Deborah Stipek,

Graduate School of Education, University of California, Los Angeles

Paul Wise,

Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center

Evan Charney (Liaison),

Council Member, Institute of Medicine

Ruth T. Gross (Liaison),

Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Institute of Medicine

Eleanor Maccoby (Liaison),

Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Children of Immigrants: Health, Adjustment, and Public Assistance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9592.
×

Acknowledgments

The authors of the papers presented in this volume are to be commended for their intellectual contributions and their diligence in completing this enormously valuable set of studies, which together constitute a major contribution to the knowledge base about contemporary children in immigrant families. These commissioned papers were essential to informing the work of the Committee on the Health and Adjustment of Immigrant Children and Families, which was established in 1996 by the Board on Children, Youth, and Families of the Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education of the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine. In 1998 the committee released the report From Generation to Generation: The Health and Welt-Being of Children in Immigrant Families, which contains its main findings and conclusions. This companion volume contains the detailed background papers that the committee commissioned along the way.

The papers in this volume have been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the NRC's Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making the published volume as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets institutional standards. The re-

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Children of Immigrants: Health, Adjustment, and Public Assistance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9592.
×

view comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process.

We wish to thank the following individuals for their participation in the review of this report: Kathleen Gainor Andreoli (Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center), E. Richard Brown (University of California, Los Angeles), Larry Bumpass (University of Wisconsin), Evan Charney (University of Massachusetts Medical Center), Donald J. Cohen (Yale University), Janet Currie (University of California, Los Angeles), David L. Featherman (University of Michigan), Michael Fix (The Urban Institute), Fernando Guerra (San Antonio Public Health District), Bill Ong Hing (University of California, Davis), Arthur Kleinman (Harvard University), Alan Kraut (American University), Nancy S. Landale (Pennsylvania State University), Antonio McDaniel (University of Pennsylvania), Fernando S. Mendoza (Stanford University), Victor Nee (Cornell University), Mary L. de Leon Siantz (University of Washington), David R. Smith (Texas Tech University), Alex Stepick (Florida International University), and Sylvia Fernandez Villarreal (San Francisco General Hospital). Although these individuals provided constructive comments and suggestions, it must be emphasized that responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.

We also wish to thank Deborah Phillips, director of the Board on Children, Youth, and Families, for conceiving the need and obtaining funding for this study and for contributing her intellectual insights throughout the course of the project. Our thanks also go to Barbara Torrey, executive director of CBASSE, for her guidance and encouragement; Faith Mitchell for her important managerial support; Karen Autrey and Ronné Wingate for outstanding administrative support; Katherine Darke and Nancy Geyelin Margie for research assistance; and Barbara Bodling for editorial review.

Financial support was provided by the Public Health Service, the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (OASPE), and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Our project officers were especially helpful; David Nielsen of OASPE and Rose Li of NICHD provided guid-

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Children of Immigrants: Health, Adjustment, and Public Assistance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9592.
×

ance and technical support and contributed to the development of ideas for the research. Support was also provided by the Office of Educational Research and Improvement of the National Institute on Early Childhood Development and Education of the U.S. Department of Education, the Carnegie Corporation of New York, the W.T. Grant Foundation, the Rockefeller Foundation, and the California Wellness Foundation.

The Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan, with the leadership of its director, David L. Featherman, provided necessary resources to conduct new data analyses. The Population Studies Center at the University of Michigan provided access to computing facilities and to census data that were essential, and Lisa Neidert of the Population Studies Center provided invaluable technical assistance.

It was a pleasure working with the many people who contributed to the creation and publication of this volume.

Evan Charney, Chair

Donald J. Hernandez, Study Director

Committee on the Health and Adjustment of Immigrant Children and Families

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Children of Immigrants: Health, Adjustment, and Public Assistance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9592.
×

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. William A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. William A. Wulf are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Children of Immigrants: Health, Adjustment, and Public Assistance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9592.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Children of Immigrants: Health, Adjustment, and Public Assistance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9592.
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CHILDREN OF IMMIGRANTS

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Immigrant children and youth are the fastest-growing segment of the U.S. population, and so their prospects bear heavily on the well-being of the country. Children of Immigrants represents some of the very best and most extensive research efforts to date on the circumstances, health, and development of children in immigrant families and the delivery of health and social services to these children and their families.

This book presents new, detailed analyses of more than a dozen existing datasets that constitute a large share of the national system for monitoring the health and well-being of the U.S. population. Prior to these new analyses, few of these datasets had been used to assess the circumstances of children in immigrant families. The analyses enormously expand the available knowledge about the physical and mental health status and risk behaviors, educational experiences and outcomes, and socioeconomic and demographic circumstances of first- and second-generation immigrant children, compared with children with U.S.-born parents.

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