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The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture
TABLE 2-2 Pounds of Pesticide Active Ingredient per Planted Acre in Major US crops, 1990–1997
1964
1966
1971
1976
1982
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
Crop Herbicides
Corn
0.387
0.693
1.362
2.454
2.974
2.932
2.767
2.829
2.758
2.723
2.615
2.661
2.640
Cotton
0.312
0.631
1.587
1.571
1.829
1.710
1.850
1.949
1.756
2.085
1.943
1.893
2.115
Wheat
0.165
0.152
0.216
0.273
0.226
0.215
0.195
0.241
0.254
0.294
0.289
0.403
0.342
Soybeans
0.133
0.279
0.840
1.614
1.880
12.870
1.181
1.139
1.066
1.124
1.088
1.212
1.181
Potatoes
0.989
1.482
1.521
1.254
1.256
1.687
1.777
1.643
1.805
2.048
2.074
1.992
1.762
Other vegetables
0.670
1.005
1.061
1.696
1.984
1.735
1.700
1.658
1.671
1.681
1.909
2.126
2.127
Citrus
0.265
0.397
0.457
3.970
5.556
6.635
7.176
6.208
5.385
4.908
4.455
4.170
3.913
Apples
0.617
0.924
0.389
1.427
1.548
0.815
0.823
0.883
0.868
1.307
1.739
1.735
1.987
Crop Insecticides
Corn
0.238
0.356
0.344
0.379
0.368
0.313
0.303
0.264
0.253
0.219
0.211
0.202
0.218
Cotton
5.259
9.271
5.937
5.503
1.692
1.100
0.584
1.156
1.146
1.742
1.772
1.278
1.398
Wheat
0.016
0.016
0.032
0.090
0.033
0.013
0.003
0.017
0.003
0.028
0.013
0.030
0.017
Soybeans
0.158
0.086
0.129
0.157
0.164
0.000
0.007
0.007
0.005
0.003
0.008
0.006
0.011
Potatoes
1.111
1.984
1.934
2.318
2.898
2.566
2.559
2.614
2.816
3.107
2.217
1.717
2.423
Other vegetables
2.532
2.352
2.610
1.775
2.039
1.662
1.627
1.572
1.554
1.545
1.511
1.491
1.503
Citrus
1.825
3.213
2.554
3.843
4.687
4.678
4.706
5.079
5.597
5.215
4.929
4.805
4.783
Apples
23.993
20.185
12.011
8.960
7.898
8.220
8.230
8.609
8.894
8.279
7.609
7.375
7.285
Crop Fungicides
Corn
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Cotton
0.012
0.036
0.018
0.004
0.018
0.080
0.050
0.060
0.052
0.080
0.059
0.034
0.065
Wheat
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.011
0.013
0.002
0.001
0.017
0.010
0.014
0.007
0.003
0.001
Soybeans
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.004
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Potatoes
2.463
2.357
2.880
2.962
3.094
2.006
2.274
2.689
3.177
4.449
5.722
4.945
7.930
Other vegetables
1.384
1.179
1.789
1.581
3.056
4.553
4.738
4.946
5.482
6.045
6.469
6.902
6.920
Citrus
6.314
4.559
7.754
4.922
4.312
3.950
4.235
3.837
3.485
3.681
3.791
3.626
3.478
Apples
17.173
20.190
17.919
16.093
13.512
9.778
9.259
9.713
9.978
10.022
10.000
11.497
13.245
Crop Other pesticidesa
Corn
0.001
0.008
0.006
0.006
0.002
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Cotton
0.838
1.373
1.513
1.088
0.824
1.230
1.103
1.193
0.945
1.137
1.163
1.278
1.340
Wheat
0.000
0.001
0.005
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Soybeans
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.040
0.034
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Potatoes
0.069
0.006
4.467
6.095
11.658
25.055
18.621
24.122
28.664
35.734
27.969
25.343
30.837
Other vegetables
1.777
0.164
1.084
1.584
2.834
6.100
6.510
6.918
8.062
9.217
10.764
12.341
12.337
Citrus
1.971
0.766
1.072
0.179
0.006
0.016
–a
–a
–a
0.102
0.200
0.600
1.100
Apples
2.298
2.564
1.363
1.424
1.003
0.104
0.206
0.221
0.217
0.218
0.217
0.217
0.221
Crop All pesticide types
Corn
0.626
1.057
1.712
2.839
3.344
3.245
3.070
3.092
3.011
2.943
2.825
2.864
2.858
Cotton
6.421
11.311
9.055
8.166
4.363
4.120
3,580
4.350
3.892
5.036
4.943
4.483
4.925
Wheat
0.181
0.169
0.253
0.374
0.272
0.230
0.197
0.273
0.265
0.338
0.311
0.435
0.362
Soybeans
0.291
0.366
0.970
1.815
2.079
12.870
1.190
1.146
1.071
1.127
1.098
1.216
1.193
Potatoes
4.632
5.829
10.802
12.629
18.906
31.314
25.302
31.068
36.462
45.339
37.983
33.997
42.952
Other vegetables
6.363
4.700
6.544
6.636
9.913
14.050
14.575
15.094
16.799
18.487
20.679
22.860
22.887
Citrus
10.375
8.935
11.837
12.914
14.561
15.279
16.118
15.237
14.467
13.906
13.270
13.146
13.043
Apples
44.081
43.863
31.682
27.904
23.961
18.917
18.724
19.426
20.174
19.826
19.565
21.041
22.737
a
Source: Lin et al.,1995; Padgitt et al., 2000.
