Standards for School Mathematics. Reston, VA: Author.

National Education Association. (1894.) "Report of the committee of ten on secondary school studies." Chicago: American Book Company.

National Research Council (NRC). (1999a.) High Stakes Testing for Tracking, Promotion, and Graduation. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (1999b.) How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (1999c.) Selecting Instructional Materials: A Guide for K-12 Science. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (1996a.) Mathematics and Science Education around the World: What Can We Learn from the Survey of Mathematics and Science Opportunities and the Third International Mathematics and Science Study? Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (1996b.) National Science Education Standards. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (1993.) Measuring What Counts. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

National Science Foundation (NSF). (1997.) "Review of Instructional Materials for Middle School Science." Arlington, VA: Author.

National Science Resources Center (NSRC). (1998a.) "NSRC Evaluation Criteria for Middle School Science Curriculum Materials." Washington, DC: Author.

NSRC. (1998b.) Resources for Teaching Middle School Science. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NSRC. (1997.) Science for All Children: A Guide to Improving Elementary Science Education in Your School District. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NSRC. (1996.) Resources for Teaching Elementary School Science. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

O'Day, J., & Smith, M.S. (1993.) "Systemic Educational Reform and Educational Opportunity." In S.H. Fuhrman (Ed.) Designing Coherent Educational Policy (pp. 20-312). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Roberts, D.A. (1982.) "Developing the concept of `curriculum emphases' in science education." Science Education, 66: 243-260.

Robitaille, D. F., Schmidt, W.H., Raizen, S., McKnight, C., Britton, E., & Nicol, C. (1993.) "Curriculum Frameworks for Mathematics and Science (TIMSS Monograph No. 1)." Vancouver: Pacific Educational Press.

Roseman, J. E., Kesidou, S., & Stern, L. (1996.) "Identifying curriculum materials for science literacy: A Project 2061 evaluation tool." Commissioned paper. Washington, DC: Authors.

Schmidt, W. H., McKnight, C. C., Jakwerth, P. M., et al. (1998.) Facing the Consequences: Using TIMSS for a Closer Look at United States Mathematics and Science Education. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Schmidt, W. H., & Valverde, G.A. (1998.) "Refocusing U.S. Math and Science Education." Issues in Science and Technology. Winter 1997-98, 14(2).

Schmidt, W. H., McKnight, C. C., & Raizen, S. (1997.) A Splintered Vision: An Investigation of U.S. Science and Mathematics Education. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Schoenfeld, A. H., Smith J.P., & Arcavi, A. (1993.) "Learning." In R. Glaser (Ed.) Advances in Instructional Psychology, Vol. 4 (pp. 55-175). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Smith, M.S., & O'Day, J. (1991.) "Systemic School Reform." In S. H. Fuhrman & B. Malen (Eds.) The Politics of Curriculum and Testing. New York: Falmer Press.

Sneider, C. I., Barber, J., & Bergman, L. (1997.) The Architecture of Reform: GEMS and National Standards. Berkeley: The Regents of the University of California.

Stigler, J. W., et al. (1999.) "The TIMSS Videotape Classroom Study: Methods and Findings from an Exploratory Research Project on Eighth-Grade Mathematics Instruction in Germany, Japan, and the United States." (NCES 99-074.) Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Stigler, J. W., & Hiebert, J. (1997.) "Understanding and improving classroom mathematics instruction: An overview of the TIMSS video study." Phi Delta Kappa, 79(1): 14-21.

Tyson, H. (1997.) "Overcoming structural barriers to good textbooks." Paper prepared for the National Education Goals Panel.

U.S. Department of Education (DoEd) (National Center for Education Statistics.) (1998.) Pursuing Excellence: A Study of U.S. Twelfth-Grade Mathematics and Science Achievement in International Context. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.