. "4 Applying the Methodology: Some Specific Research and Development Topics." Improving Surface Transportation Security: A Research and Development Strategy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1999.
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TABLE 4-1 Illustration of the Matrix Categorization of R&D Topics
Type of Attack
Response
Biological
Chemical
Cyber and C3
Physical
General
Prevention
platform-edge doors
prerelease detection
software firewalls
explosives detection
study of redundancies
Mitigation
low-tech best practices
protective aerosols
ITS graceful degradation
construction design
lessons from natural disasters
Monitoring
—
chemical detector evaluation
identification of abnormal activity
—
video surveillance
Recovery
decontamination
decontamination
—
rapid bridge repairs
bandwidth reservation
Investigation
—
—
logging
—
best practices
Systems Integration
dispersion modeling
dispersion modeling
best practices
—
incident management
Note: This table categorizes some of the technologies and processes discussed in this chapter according to type of attack and type of R&D response. Also included, to show how they fit into the matrix concept, are two studies discussed in Chapter 2 (a compendium of lessons learned from past natural disasters and accidents and a study of redundancies and interdependencies). This is not a complete or exclusive list, just some examples arranged to illustrate the matrix approach.
the value of taking a dual-use approach, in which security objectives are furthered at the same time as other transportation goals
the potential for more use of modeling to develop a better understanding of the scope of the security problem
the importance of DOT's role in developing and disseminating information about best practices that use existing technologies and processes, including low-technology alternatives
the need to consider security as part of a broader picture, not a wholly new and different problem, but one that is similar and closely connected to the transportation community's previous experience in responding to concerns about safety, natural disasters, and hazardous materials
The strategy begins with definition of the problem and establishment of objectives. As discussed in Chapter 3, DOT's broad objectives for R&D efforts in surface transportation security should resemble the following:
