Appendix A
Acronyms
ACE
Angiotensin-converting enzyme
ADA
American Dietetic Association
ADL
Activity of daily living
AHA
American Hospital Association
AHRQ
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (formerly the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research)
AL
Assisted living
AMI
Acute myocardial infarction
AoA
Administration on Aging, Department of Health and Human Services
APC
Ambulatory payment classification
ASCVD
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
BBA
Balanced Budget Act of 1997
BMD
Bone mineral density
BMI
Body mass index, weight (kg)/height (cm)2
BMT
Bone marrow transplantation
BP
Blood pressure
CAADE
Commission on Accreditation/Approval for Dietetics Education
CAM
Complementary and alternative
CDC
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CDE
Certified Diabetes Educator
CDM
Certified Dietary Manager
CDR
Commission on Dietetic Registration
CEA
Cost-effectiveness analysis
CHD
Coronary heart disease
CI
Confidence interval
CNA
Certified Nursing Assistant
CNS
Certified Nutrition Specialist
CNSD
Certified Nutrition Support Dietitian
CPR
Customary, prevailing, and reasonable
CPT
Current procedural terminology
CSP
Certified Specialist in Pediatric Nutrition
CSR
Certified Specialist in Renal Disease
CT
Computed tomography
CUA
Cost–utility analysis
CSFII
Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals
CVD
Cardiovascular disease
DASH
Dietary Interventions to Stop Hypertension
DC
Doctor of Chiropractic
DBP
Diastolic blood pressure
DCCT
Diabetes Control and Complications Trial
DOD
Department of Defense
DRG
Diagnosis related group
DT
Dietetic Technician
DTR
Dietetic Technician, Registered
DXA
Dual-energy x-ray absorption
EBC
Evidence-based center
ECRI
Emergency Care Research Institute
ENP
Elderly nutrition program
EPC
Evidence-based practice center
EPESE
Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly
ESRD
End-stage renal disease
FADA
Fellow of the American Dietetic Association
FPG
Fasting plasma glucose
GFR
Glomerular filtration rate
GH
Growth hormone
HCFA
Health Care Financing Administration
HDL
High-density lipoprotein
HEDIS
Health plan employer data and information set
HF
Heart failure
HHA
Home health agency
HI
Hospitalization insurance
HMG-CoA
β-Hydroxy-β-methylglutarylcoenzyme A
HMO
Health maintenance organization
HRT
Hormone replacement therapy
HTN
Hypertension
IDPN
Intradialytic parenteral nutrition
IGF
Insulin-like growth factor
IL
Interleukin
IPS
Interim payment system
IU
International unit
JCAHO
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
LBM
Lean body mass
LDL
Low-density lipoprotein
MAMC
Mid-arm muscle circumference
MDRD
Modification of Diet in Renal Disease
MDS
Minimum data set
MNA
Mini nutritional assessment
MRI
Mortality risk index
NCEP
National Cholesterol Education Program
NCQA
National Committee on Quality Assurance
NSI
Nutrition screening initiative
ND, NMD
Doctor of Naturopathic Medicine
NHANES
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
NHLBI
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
OASIS
Outcomes Assessment and Information Set
25-(OH)D
25-Hydroxyvitamin D3
PACE
Programs of All Inclusive Care for the Elderly
PATHS
Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension Study
PESRD
Pre-end stage renal disease
PEU
Protein–energy undernutrition
PPN
Peripheral parenteral nutrition
PPO
Preferred provider organization
PPS
Prospective payment system
PRCT
Prospective randomized clinical trial
PSO
Provider-sponsored organization
QALY
Quality-adjusted life year
RAP
Resident assessment protocol
RD
Registered Dietitian
RR
Relative risk
SBP
Systolic blood pressure
SMI
Supplementary medical insurance
SNF
Skilled nursing facility
TNF
Tumor necrosis factor
TONE
Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly
TPN
Total parenteral nutrition
TSF
Triceps skinfold thickness
UKPDS
United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study
VA
Department of Veterans Affairs
WHI
Women’s Health Initiative