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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
×

Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences

Report of a Workshop

Chemical Sciences Roundtable

Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology

Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications

National Research Council

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
×

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the workshop organizing committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

Support for this project was provided by National Science Foundation under Grant No. CHE-9630106, the National Institutes of Health under Contract No. N01-OD-4-2139, and the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02-95ER14556. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, or the U.S. Department of Energy.

International Standard Book Number 0-309-06827-4

Additional copies of this report are available from:
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Copyright 1999 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

National Academy of Sciences

National Academy of Engineering

Institute of Medicine

National Research Council

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. William A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. William A. Wulf are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
×

CHEMICAL SCIENCES ROUNDTABLE

RICHARD C. ALKIRE,

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,

Chair

THOM H. DUNNING, JR.,

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,

Vice Chair

PAUL S. ANDERSON,

DuPont Pharmaceuticals

ALEXIS T. BELL,

University of California, Berkeley

DARYLE H. BUSCH,

University of Kansas

MARCETA Y. DARENSBOURG,

Texas A&M University

THOMAS F. EDGAR,

University of Texas, Austin

RICHARD M. GROSS,

Dow Chemical Company

L. LOUIS HEGEDUS,

Elf Atochem North America, Inc.

ANDREW KALDOR,

Exxon R&D Laboratories

ROBERT L. LICHTER,

Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation, Inc.

ROBERT S. MARIANELLI,

Office of Science and Technology Policy

JOE J. MAYHEW,

Chemical Manufacturers Association

WILLIAM S. MILLMAN,

U.S. Department of Energy

KAREN W. MORSE,

Western Washington University

NORINE E. NOONAN,

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

JANET G. OSTERYOUNG,

National Science Foundation

GARY W. POEHLEIN,

National Science Foundation

MICHAEL E. ROGERS,

National Institute of General Medical Sciences

HRATCH G. SEMERJIAN,

National Institute of Standards and Technology

KATHLEEN C. TAYLOR,

General Motors Corporation

MARION C. THURNAUER,

Argonne National Laboratory

MATTHEW V. TIRRELL,

University of California at Santa Barbara

D. AMY TRAINOR,

Zeneca Pharmaceuticals

FRANCIS A. VIA,

General Electric Company

ISIAH M. WARNER,

Louisiana State University

PATRICK H. WINDHAM,

Windham Consulting

Staff

DOUGLAS J. RABER, Director,

Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology

SYBIL A. PAIGE, Administrative Associate

RUTH McDIARMID, Senior Program Officer

DAVID GRANNIS, Research Assistant (through July 1999)

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
×

BOARD ON CHEMICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

LARRY E. OVERMAN,

University of California, Irvine,

Co-chair

JOHN L. ANDERSON,

Carnegie Mellon University,

Co-chair

BARBARA J. GARRISON,

Pennsylvania State University

ALICE P. GAST,

Stanford University

LOUIS C. GLASGOW,

E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company

KEITH E. GUBBINS,

North Carolina State University

NANCY B. JACKSON,

Sandia National Laboratories

JIRI JONAS,

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

GEORGE E. KELLER,

Union Carbide Corporation (retired)

RICHARD A. LERNER,

Scripps Research Institute

GREGORY A. PETSKO,

Brandeis University

WAYNE H. PITCHER, JR.,

Genencor Corporation

KENNETH N. RAYMOND,

University of California, Berkeley

PAUL J. REIDER,

Merck Research Laboratories

LYNN F. SCHNEEMEYER,

Bell Laboratories

MARTIN B. SHERWIN,

ChemVen Group, Inc.

JEFFREY J. SIIROLA,

Eastman Chemical Company

CHRISTINE S. SLOANE,

General Motors Research Laboratories

PETER J. STANG,

University of Utah

JOHN T. YATES, JR.,

University of Pittsburgh

STEVN W. YATES,

University of Kentucky

Staff

DOUGLAS J. RABER, Director

MARIA P. JONES, Senior Project Assistant

RUTH MCDIARMID, Senior Staff Officer

CHRISTOPHER K. MURPHY, Program Officer

SYBIL A. PAIGE, Administrative Associate

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
×

COMMISSION ON PHYSICAL SCIENCES, MATHEMATICS, AND APPLICATIONS

PETER M. BANKS,

Veridian ERIM International Inc.,

Co-chair

W. CARL LINEBERGER,

University of Colorado,

Co-chair

WILLIAM BALLHAUS, JR.,

Lockheed Martin Corporation

SHIRLEY CHIANG,

University of California, Davis

MARSHALL H. COHEN,

California Institute of Technology

RONALD G. DOUGLAS,

Texas A&M University

SAMUEL H. FULLER,

Analog Devices, Inc.

JERRY P. GOLLUB,

Haverford College

MICHAEL F. GOODCHILD,

University of California, Santa Barbara

MARTHA P. HAYNES,

Cornell University

WESLEY T. HUNTRESS, JR.,

Carnegie Institution

CAROL M. JANTZEN,

Westinghouse Savannah River Company

PAUL G. KAMINSKI,

Technovation, Inc.

KENNETH H. KELLER,

University of Minnesota

JOHN R. KREICK,

Sanders, a Lockheed Martin Company (retired)

MARSHA I. LESTER,

University of Pennsylvania

DUSA M. MCDUFF,

State University of New York, Stony Brook

JANET L. NORWOOD,

U.S. Commissioner of Labor Statistics (retired)

M. ELISABETH PATE[PATÉ]-CORNELL,

Stanford University

NICHOLAS P. SAMIOS,

Brookhaven National Laboratory

ROBERT J. SPINRAD,

Xerox PARC (retired)

NORMAN METZGER, Executive Director (through July 1999)

MYRON F. UMAN, Acting Executive Director

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
×

Preface

The Chemical Sciences Roundtable (CSR) was established in 1997 by the National Research Council (NRC). It provides a science-oriented, apolitical forum for leaders in the chemical sciences to discuss chemically related issues affecting government, industry, and universities. Organized by the NRC's Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology, the CSR aims to strengthen the chemical sciences by fostering communication among the people and organizations—spanning industry, government, universities, and professional associations—involved with the chemical enterprise. The CSR does this primarily by organizing workshops that address issues in chemical science and technology that require national attention.

At its December 1997 and May 1998 meetings, the CSR identified the topic of research teams and partnerships as an area of broad interest in the chemical sciences community. To provide a forum for exploring this topic, an organizing committee was formed, and a workshop was planned for May 1999.

The aim of the workshop was to discuss the circumstances under which research and development (R&D) teams and partnerships in the chemical sector are appropriate and successful. Issues put forward for discussion included examination of the goals of R&D teams and partnerships, the barriers to implementing them, their potential benefits, and the available methodologies for carrying them out. What are the key trends, how are collaborations changing as a result, and how are best practices evolving? The workshop, "Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences," brought together research scientists, managers, and technology transfer specialists from government, industry, and academia to discuss and explore the trends and potential impacts of partnerships and teams for the conduct of research in the chemical sciences.

The papers in this volume are the authors' own versions of their presentations, and the discussion comments were taken from a transcript of the workshop. The workshop did not attempt to establish any conclusions or recommendations about needs and future directions, focusing instead on individual problems and challenges identified by the speakers. By providing an opportunity for leaders in each of the areas to share their experience and vision, we intended that the other workshop participants—as well

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
×

as readers of this proceedings volume—would be able to identify new and useful ways of creating and maintaining effective research partnerships. We believe that the workshop was successful in meeting this goal.

WORKSHOP ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

PATRICK H. WINDHAM, CHAIR

PAUL S. ANDERSON

WILLIAM S. MILLMAN

GARY W. POEHLEIN

HRATCH G. SEMERJIAN

KATHLEEN C. TAYLOR

MATTHEW V. TIRRELL

FRANCIS A. VIA

THOMAS A. MANUEL (CONSULTANT)

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
×

Acknowledgment of Reviewers

This report has been reviewed by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council's (NRC's) Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the authors and the NRC in making the published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The contents of the review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their participation in the review of this report:

Cheryl A. Fragiadakis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,

Barbara J. Garrison, Pennsylvania State University,

Louis C. Glasgow, DuPont,

John R. Kreick, Sanders, a Lockheed Martin Company (retired), and

Todd R. La Porte, University of California, Berkeley.

Although the individuals listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, responsibility for the final content of this report rests solely with the authoring group and the NRC.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
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Page xiii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
×

Contents

 

 

Summary

 

1

1

 

The Evolving Structure of University-Industry Collaboration in the United States: Three Cases
David C. Mowery (University of California, Berkeley)

 

7

2

 

Partnerships in Research: The Evolution of Expectations
Christopher T. Hill (George Mason University)

 

21

3

 

University-Industry Strategic Alliance: A British Perspective
P. O'Brien, William A. Wakeham and J.T. Walsh (Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine, London)

 

28

 

 

Panel Discussion

 

38

4

 

Research Teams at Universities: The Center for Interfacial Engineering
D. Fennell Evans and Matthew V. Tirrell (University of Minnesota)

 

42

5

 

Building Industry-University Research Partnerships: Corporate Perspective
John C. Tao (Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.)

 

50

6

 

Diluting Public Patrimony or Inventive Response to Increasing Knowledge Asymmetries: Watershed for Land Grant Universities? Reflections on the University of California, Berkeley-Novartis Agreement
Todd R. La Porte (University of California, Berkeley)

 

66

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1999. Research Teams and Partnerships: Trends in the Chemical Sciences, Report of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9759.
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The third workshop of the Chemical Sciences Roundtable, Research Teams and Partnerships was held in Irvine, California, on May 2-3, 1999. The presentations and discussions at the workshop considered the current status of research partnerships in the chemical sciences and methods to improve the ability to form and maximize such collaborations. This volume presents the results of that workshop.

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