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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 2000. Variation and Evolution in Plants and Microorganisms: Toward a New Synthesis 50 Years After Stebbins. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9766.
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Page 331
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 2000. Variation and Evolution in Plants and Microorganisms: Toward a New Synthesis 50 Years After Stebbins. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9766.
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Page 332
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 2000. Variation and Evolution in Plants and Microorganisms: Toward a New Synthesis 50 Years After Stebbins. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9766.
×
Page 333
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 2000. Variation and Evolution in Plants and Microorganisms: Toward a New Synthesis 50 Years After Stebbins. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9766.
×
Page 334
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 2000. Variation and Evolution in Plants and Microorganisms: Toward a New Synthesis 50 Years After Stebbins. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9766.
×
Page 335
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 2000. Variation and Evolution in Plants and Microorganisms: Toward a New Synthesis 50 Years After Stebbins. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9766.
×
Page 336
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 2000. Variation and Evolution in Plants and Microorganisms: Toward a New Synthesis 50 Years After Stebbins. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9766.
×
Page 337
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 2000. Variation and Evolution in Plants and Microorganisms: Toward a New Synthesis 50 Years After Stebbins. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9766.
×
Page 338
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 2000. Variation and Evolution in Plants and Microorganisms: Toward a New Synthesis 50 Years After Stebbins. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9766.
×
Page 339
Suggested Citation:"Index." National Academy of Sciences. 2000. Variation and Evolution in Plants and Microorganisms: Toward a New Synthesis 50 Years After Stebbins. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9766.
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Page 340

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Index A out crossing, 226, 255, 262, 266-267, 273, 274, 311, 315 Adams, Keith, 35-57 respiration, 2, 35, 40-41, 43, 46 Agamogenesis, see Asexual reproduction RNA, 36, 43, 46, 52, 216 Alfonzo, Juan, 117-141 systematics, 37-38, 49, 50 Algae, 10, 11, 22 transcription, 42, 43, 44, 216 Alien species, see Invasive species transposing, 166, 211, 217, 218, 219, Amitochondriate protists, 1-2, 21-34 221-223, 229 Amplification, 123, 175-176, 237, 249, 324 see also Flower color variation; Anaerobic processes, 23, 26, 27, 29-30 Pollination; Self fertilization; Anderson, Edgar, vi, 5, 292, 305 Vascular plants Angiosperms, 2, 35-57, 211-234, 253, 254, Anopheles mosquitoes, 144, 149 255-270, 273, 274, 311, 315, 317, see also Plasmodium falciparum 320-323, 325-326 Antigens convolution, 255, 263, 264-267 CSP gene, 144, 145, 147, 150-155, 160- deletion mutation, 37, 43, 47 161 DNA, 2, 35-57, 216 influenza virus, 60, 83, 86, 95 gene transfer, 2, 35, 36, 38, 41-53 M.p.-1 gene, 143, 144, 145, 150, 154-157 genome, 2, 35-57, 254 M.p.-2 gene, 143, 144, 145, 150, 158-161 geographic variation, 212, 213, 223- Plasmodium falciparum, 115-116, 143- 226, 227, 229-230, 256 145, 147, 150-162 hybridization, 38, 40, 41, 45, 49, 51 see also Vaccines intros, 35, 36, 38, 40, 42, 48-51, 53, Arabidopsis Thailand, 36, 38, 40-41, 42, 221, 222, 249 166, 172, 174, 178, 188, 195, mitochondria, 2, 35-57 199, 235, 241-243, 320 models, 211-231, 256, 260 Archaebacteria, 2, 21-25, 26, 31 morphology, 213, 259, 260, 263 Archaeprotists, 22, 24, 26, 28-29, 32 natural selection, general, 43-48 331

332 / Index Asexual reproduction, 45-46, 65, 73, 103, other, 169, 187-210, 242, 254, 276, 253, 254, 271-278, 282-285, 293, 281, 317-318 295, 296, 301 ribosomes, 2, 23, 35, 40-42 Ayala, Francisco, 115-116, 143-164 RNA viruses, 62, 63-64, 72 see also Bacteria; Eucaryote; Karyomastigonts; B Mitochondria; Prokaryote; Protists Bacteria, 11, 60 Centers for Disease Control and archaebacteria, 2, 21-25, 26, 31 Prevention, 93 chromosomes, 99, 100, 101, 102-105, Charts, 12, 14, 17, 18 107 Who, Angry, 35-57 cryptozoons, 11-12 Chromosomal Evolution in Plants, 311 deletion mutation, 103, 104 Chromosomes, 4, 42, 188, 197, 199, 201-205 DNA, 101, 106, 109 bacteria, 99, 100, 101, 102-105, 107 endosymbiotic, 23, 46 Plasmodium falciparum, 144, 148, 150, enzymes, 108, 109 156 eubacteria, 2, 21-34 see also Diploid plants; Polyploid gene transfer, 101, 106, 107-110 plants; Transposition and genome, 102 transposing model of, 103 Chromatin, 165, 167, 178, 199 population genetics, 99-101, 104, 105, see also Genome 109-110 Cladistics, 247, 253, 259, 260-261, 265, 267 reproduction and mutation, 99-113 Classification, see Systematics transposition, 100, 101, 105-106, 107- Clegg, Michael, 166, 211-234 108, 109 Cloning, 59, 158, 197, 216 viruses and, 99-113 bacteria, 100, 102-103 Barghoorn, Else, 12, 13, 14-16 hybridization, 295, 297 Barrio, Elatio, 61-82 plant mitochondria, 59 Bates on, William, vi RNA viruses, 64-69, 73-77 Bergstrom, Carl, 60, 99-113 Cloud, Preston, 13, 14, 15-16 Bitter Springs fossils, 16, 17 Coal, 16 BYTEnet protists, 118-120 Coalescence, see Gene coalescence Barco, Alma, 61-82 Colons, 77, 83, 86, 88, 91-93, 95, 96-97, 117, Bush, Robin, 59-60, 83-98 132-134, 136, 160 Convolution, angiosperm, 255, 263, 264-267 Computer applications C influenza virus mutations, 84, 89 Cambrian Period, 1, 6-20 minicircle class plasticity, 115, 126-132 Cassava, 244-248 Corn, see Maize Cell biology, general, vii, 1-60 Cox, Nancy, 83-98 chromatin, 165, 167, 178, 199 Crepis, 4-5, 274, 276 nucleus, origin of, 21-34 Cretaceous Period, 253, 256, 261, 263, 265 plant genome, Cryptozoons, 9-12, 16, 18 angiosperms, 2, 35-57, 254 see also Stromatolites maize, 165-166, 172-173, 174-176, CSP gene, 144, 145, 147, 150-155, 160-161 187-210 mitochondrial, 35-57 morning glories, 216, 217, 218, D 221-223, 229 Darwin, Charles, 1, 7 Darwinian theory, v, vi, 1, 168

Index / 333 missing Precambrian record, 6-20 E RNA viruses, 63-64 see also Natural selection E. coli, see Escherichia coli Dawson, John, 7-9, 11, 16 Economic factors Deletion mutation cassava, 244 bacteria, 103, 104 invasive species, 254, 290 influenza virus, 84 Electrophoresis, 166, 236-237 RNA viruses, 61, 65-69, 75 Elena, Santiago, 61-82 plants, 278, 314 Ellstrand, Norman, 254, 289-309 angiosperm, 37, 43, 47 Enzymes and enzymatic processes transposing, 169, 170 bacteria, 108, 109 Plasmodium falciparum, 158, 161 eukaryote, 23, 27 trypanosome mitochondria, 117, 118, flower color variation, 211, 212, 215, 121-132, 135, 136 216-218, 219, 228 De Vries, H., vi, 169 polyploid plants, 323 Milcher, David, 253, 255-270 RNA editing in trypanosome Diploid plants, 4-5, 235, 254, 310-320 mitochondria, 117, 134 (passim), 321, 323, 324, 325 invasive species, hybridization, 302 Eocene Period, 256, 257, 263, 266 maize, 166, 187, 188, 190, 192, 193-194 Asians 8-9, 11 vascular, 272-273, 276 Epistasis, 63, 216 Diploid Plasmodium falciparum, 144 Applying, Carl, 5 DNA Escherichia coli, 100 bacterial mutation, 101, 106, 109 Eubacteria, 2, 21-34 invasive species, 292-293 Eucaryote. 1-2, 60 kinetoplastid protists, 115, 118, 120- enzymes, 23, 27 121, 122, 126, 135 morphology, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29 nucleus, origin of, 21, 24, 25, 27, 28 nuclei, 21-34, 36 plants, 237, 238, 244, 248, 275-276, reproduction, 28, 60, 99, 102, 103, 109, 276, 311, 316-319, 324-325 110 angiosperm, 2, 35-57, 216 RNA, 23 maize, 165, 172, 174, 177, 178-179, systematics, 22-23, 28-29, 32 187, 190, 193 see also Protists morning glories, 221, 222-223 Eons, 48, 49, 172, 173, 221, 246 transponsons, 165, 172, 174, 177, 178-179, 196-197 Plasmodium falciparum, 143-145, 147, F 150-162 Fedor off, Nina, 167-186 RNA viruses compared to DNA- Fisher, R.A., vi based organisms, 62 Fetch, Walter, 83-98 see also Chromosomes; Genome; Flavonoids Intros, plants; Transcription flower color variation, 211, 212, 215- DNA repeats, 37, 318 223, 228 maize, 165, 179, 187, 196-201 polyploid plants, 317-318 morning glories, 222-223 Flower color variation, 221, 222 Plasmodium falciparum, 116, 150-161 enzymes, 211, 212, 215, 216-218, 219, Dobzhansky, Theodosius, v, vi, 5 228 Dolan, Michael, 1-2, 21-34 flavonoids, 211, 212, 215-223, 228 Dubbin, Mary, 166, 211-234 geographic, 212, 213, 223-226, 227, 229-230

334 / Index morphology and, 213 gene genealogies, 235-237, 241, nucleoside, 216, 217-218 243-249 polymorphism, 166, 211-234 spatial autocorrelation, 212, 224- RNA, 216 225, 227, 230 self fertilization, 226-227 see also Invasive species transcription, 42, 43, 44, 216 Plasmodium falciparum, 147-148, 161-162 Flowering plants, see Angiosperms Glaessner, Martin, 13-14 Flowering Plants: Evolution Above the Species Glycoprotein, 158 Level, 257 Gorier, Ricardo, 1-2, 21-34 Fossil record, see Paleobiology; specific Gun flint fossils, 12, 13, 14-16, 18 paleontologic eras and periods Fungi, 50-51 H G Hilden, J.B.S., vi Hemagglutinin gene, 60, 83, 84-86, 95 Gallon, Francis, vi Heterozygosity, plants, 4, 227, 254 Gait, Brandon, 165, 187-210 invasive plants and hybridization, Gene coalescence, 147, 166, 235, 238, 245, 293, 295, 297, 301-302, 304 249, 293, 297, 300 polyploid plants, 310, 312-313, 314, Gene genealogies, 166, 204, 235-254 325 Gene transfer vascular plants, 276, 283, 284 angiosperm, 2, 35, 36, 38, 41-53 Holsinger, Kent, 254, 271-288 bacteria, 101, 106, 107-110 Huxley, Thomas, vi Plasmodium falciparum, 147 Hybridization, plants, 244, 245, 254, 271, viral, 59, 65-66, 68, 69 311-312 Genome cassava, 247-248 bacterial mutation, 102 cloning, 295, 297 mitochondrial, 35-57, 115, 117-141 maize, 188, 190, 193, 194, 199-200 nucleus, origin of, 22 typanosome mitochondria, 126 plants, 169, 187-210, 187-210, 317-318 vascular plants, 274, 276 angiosperms, 2, 35-57, 254 angiosperm, 38, 40, 41, 45, 49, 51 maize, 165-166, 172-173, 174-176, see also Invasive species 187-210 mitochondrial, 35-57 morning glories, 216, 217, 218, I 221-223, 229 population genetics, 165-166, 167- Influenza virus, 59-60, 83-98 antigens, 83, 86, 95 186 computer models, 84, 89 transcription, 172, 174, 175, 176- 178, 179, 197-199 mutation, 83-98 nucleoside, 59-60, 83, 86, 88, 91-93, Plasmodium falciparum, 145 95, 96-97 RNA viruses, 62, 73-64, 70, 72 see also Polyploid plants; population genetics, 93, 95 vaccines, 83-84 Transposition and transposing Insects, 30 Geographic variation plants, vii, 166, 311, 313, 318-319 Anopheles mosquitoes, 144, 149; see also Plasmodium falciparum angiosperm, 212, 213, 223-226, pollination, 166, 211-212, 213, 214- 227, 229-230, 256 215, 226, 227, 228, 229, 262, 263-265, 267, 280

Index / 335 Intros, plants, 2, 173, 246 Mendelian theory, vi, 168, 169 angiosperm, 35, 36, 38, 40, 42, 48-51, Merozoite surface protein genes, see M.p.- 53, 221, 222, 249 1 gene; M.p.-2 gene Invasive species, 1, 36, 51, 254, 289-309 Metabolic processes, 22, 27, 212 diploid, 302 anaerobic, 23, 26, 27, 29-30 DNA, 292-293 see also Enzymes and enzymatic economic impact, 254, 290 processes heterozygosity, 293, 295, 297, 301-302, Microorganisms, see Bacteria; Cell biology, 304 general; Viruses morphology, 292, 293-294, 296, 299 Minicircle molecules, 115, 117, 118, 120, reproductive systems, 293, 295, 296, 121, 123-132, 136 301 Miocene Period, 257 systematics, 290, 293-296 Miralles, Rosario, 61-82 Mitochondria, 2, 22, 29-30 angiosperms, 2, 35-57 K genome, 35-57, 115, 117-141 trypanosome, RNA editing; 115, 117- Karyomastigonts, 1-2, 21-34 141 Kinetoplastid protists, 115, 117-141 deletion mutation, 117, 118, 121- DNA, 115, 118, 120-121, 122, 126, 135 132, 135, 136 RNA, 115, 117-141 enzymes, 117, 134 systematics, 118-120 mutation, 133-134 Kinetosomes, 1, 22, 28, 29, 30, 31 respiratory processes, 123 transcription, 115, 118, 121, 123, 124, 135 L Models and modeling Le Thar d’Ennequin, Maud, 187-210 angiosperm, 211-231, 256, 260 Levin, Bruce, 60, 99-113 bacterial mutation, 103 DNA repeats, 150 gene transfer, 41-42 M invasive species, 292-306 island models, 237 Maize, 37, 165-166, 169-210, 213, 224 nucleus, origin of, 21-34 diploid, 166, 187, 188, 190, 192, 193- plant gene genealogies, 241-243 194 plant nuclear genome, maize as DNA, 165, 172, 174, 177, 178-179, 187, model, 187-210 190, 193 polyploid plants, 314-315 DNA repeats, 165, 179, 187, 196-201 RNA editing in trypanosome genome, 165-166, 172-173, 174-176, mitochondria, 124, 126-132 187-210 RNA viruses, quasispecies theory, 62, hybridization, 188, 190, 193, 194, 199- 77-79 200 RNA viruses, population genetics, 59, nucleoside, 188-189, 197, 204 61-79 population genetics, 165-166, 171-186 see also Computer applications systematics, 202-204 Modifier gene theory, 104, 212, 213, 226 transposing, 165, 167, 169-186, 188, Morphology 196-197, 200-201 angiosperm fossil record, 213, 259, Malaria, see Plasmodium falciparum 260, 263 Marquis, Lynn, 1-2, 21-34 eucaryote, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29 Maslov, D.A., 117-141 flower color variation and, 213 May, Ernst, v-vi invasive plants, 292, 293-294, 296, 299 McClintock, Barbara, 165, 167-168

336 / Index maize, 205 Nucleoside, 118, 143, 154-157, 158-160, plant transposing, 168, 169, 180 275-276 polyploid plants, 314, 316, 317 colons, 77, 83, 86, 88, 91-93, 95, 96-97, vascular plant reproduction, 259, 260, 117, 132-134, 136, 160 263, 275, 276, 277, 280-281 flower color variation, 216, 217-218 see also Polymorphism influenza virus, 59-60, 83, 86, 88, 91- Morning glories, 211-234 93, 95, 96-97 DNA, 221, 222-223 maize, 188-189, 197, 204 DNA repeats, 222-223 see also DNA; DNA repeats; RNA; genome, 216, 217, 218, 221-223, 229 RNA viruses Mosquitos, see Anopheles mosquitoes Moya, Andrés, 59, 61-82 M.p.-1 gene, 143, 144, 145, 150, 154-157 O M.p.-2 gene, 143, 144, 145, 150, 158-161 Oligocene Period, 257 mtDNA, angiosperms, 2, 35-57 Olsen, Kenneth, 166, 235-254 Mutagenesis and mutation, general, 169, 170 On the Origin of Species, 6. 7, 9 see also Darwinian theory bacterial, 99-113 Out crossing gene coalescence, 147, 166, 235, 238, 245, 249, 293, 297, 300 angiosperm, 226, 255, 262, 266-267, 273, 274, 311, 315 influenza, host-mediated, 83-98 polyploid plants, 310, 311, 313-316, plants, 166, 169, 174, 170-205, 211, 212, 218-223 228-229, 238, 243, 319 vascular plants, 226, 253-254, 255, 276, 278, 283-284 262, 266-267, 271-285 (passim), gene coalescence, 166, 235, 238, 245, 249, 293, 297, 300 303, 311, 315 see also Hybridization, plants gene genealogies, 166, 204, 235- 254 Plasmodium falciparum, 143, 147, 149- 150, 161 P RNA editing in trypanosome Paleobiology, v, vi, 253, 255-270, 323 mitochondria, 133-134 coal, 16 RNA viruses, 59, 62, 64-69, 73-79 charts, 12, 14, 17, 18 see also Deletion mutation; see also specific periods Hybridization, plants; Natural Paleocene Period, 256, 257, 263, 266 selection, general; Paleozoic Period, 265 Polymorphism; Transposition Palmer, Jeffrey, 2, 32, 35-57 and transposing Parasites, 79, 105, 116, 149-150 see also Plasmodium falciparum Parkinson, Christopher, 35-57 N Pearson, Karl, vi Peek, Andrew, 187-210 Natural selection, general, v, vi angiosperm, 43-48 Pests, see Invasive species Phanerozoic Period, 7, 13, 16 invasive species, 300 Plants, v-vii, 1, 3-5 parasite, 116, 149-150 plants, 201, 204-205, 211-234, 235, 236, cellular processes, 4 DNA, 237, 238, 244, 248, 275-276, 276, 275-285 311, 316-319, 324-325 RNA viruses, 78-79 see also Mutagenesis and mutation angiosperm, 2, 35-57, 216 maize, 165, 172, 174, 177, 178-179, Nematodes, 30 187, 190, 193 Nonnative species, see Invasive species

Index / 337 morning glories, 221, 222-223 spatial autocorrelation, 212, 224-225, transponsons, 165, 172, 174, 177, 227, 230 178-179, 196-197 see Diploid plants; Flavonoids; deletion mutation, 278, 314 Heterozygosity, plants; angiosperm, 37, 43, 47 Invasive species; Intros, plants; transposing, 169, 170 Maize; Polyploid plants; gene genealogies, 166, 204, 235-254 Vascular plants genome, 169, 187-210, 187-210, 317- Plasmids, 60, 100-101, 105-106, 107-109, 136 318 Plasmodium falciparum, 115-116, 143-164 angiosperms, 2, 35-57, 254 antigens, 115-116, 143-145, 147, 150- maize, 165-166, 172-173, 174-176, 162 187-210 chromosomes, 144, 148, 150, 156 mitochondrial, 35-57 deletion mutation, 158, 161 morning glories, 216, 217, 218, diploid, 144 221-223, 229 DNA, 143-145, 147, 150-162 population genetics, 165-166, 167- DNA repeats, 116, 150-161 186 geographic variation, 147-148, 161-162 transcription, 172, 174, 175, 176- mutation, 143, 147, 149-150, 161 178, 179, 197-199 polymorphism, 143, 144-145, 147, 148, geographic variation, vii, 166, 311, 150-162 313, 318-319 population genetics, 115-116, 143-164 angiosperm, 212, 213, 223-226, reproductive processes, 150, 161 227, 229-230, 256 systematics, 145-146 gene genealogies, 235-237, 241, Pleistocene epoch, 166, 236, 243-248 243-249 Pollination, 271, 272-273, 275, 280-281, 283 spatial autocorrelation, 212, 224- insect, 166, 211-212, 213, 214-215, 226, 225, 227, 230 227, 228, 229, 262, 263-265, 267, see also Invasive species 280 mutation, 166, 169, 174, 170-205, 211, wind and water, 263, 264, 265, 267 212, 218-223 228-229, 238, 243, see also Hybridization, plants 276, 278, 283-284 Polymorphism gene coalescence, 166, 235, 238, plants, flower color, 166, 211-234 245, 249, 293, 297, 300 plants, other, 237, 241, 244, 246, 274- gene genealogies, 166, 204, 235- 275, 276 254 Plasmodium falciparum, 143, 144-145, natural selection, general, 201, 204- 147, 148, 150-162 205, 211-234, 235, 236, 275-285 RNA viruses, 75 pigmentation, 166, 169-170, 211-234, Polyploid plants, 4-5, 166, 174, 187, 189- 264 196, 201, 254, 274, 282, 295, polymorphism, 237, 241, 244, 246, 310-326 274-275, 276 enzymes, 323 flower color, 166, 211-234 flavonoids, 317-318 reproduction, vii, 2, 212, 226, 228 heterozygosity, 310, 312-313, 314, 325 asexual, 45-46, 73, 103, 253, 254, morphology, 314, 316, 317 271-278, 282-285, 293, 295, 296, out crossing, 310, 311, 313-316, 319 301 self fertilization, 310, 312, 315 invasive species, 293, 295, 296, 301 Population genetics/variation, 104, 106, 304 vascular plants, 253-288 bacteria, 99-101, 104, 105, 109-110 see also Angiosperms; influenza, 93, 95 Hybridization, plants; Out plants, 166, 235-254, 275-276 crossing; Self fertilization genome evolution and transposing, 165-166, 167-186

338 / Index flower color, 166, 211-234 Plasmodium falciparum, 150, 161 maize, 165-166, 171-186 RNA viruses, 65, 73 Plasmodium falciparum, 115-116, 143- see also Cloning; Mutagenesis and 164 mutation RNA viruses, 59, 61-79 Respiratory genes and processes see also Geographic variation angiosperm, 2, 35, 40-41, 43, 46 Precambrian Period, 6-20 trypanosome mitochondria, 123 Prokaryote, 2, 22-26, 27, 60, 99-113 Restriction analysis, 109, 136, 166, 190, 192, Proterozoic Period, 31 223, 237-238, 241, 249, 275-276, Protists, 8-9 311, 319 amitochondriate protists, 1-2, 21-34 Ribosomes, 2, 23, 35, 40-42 archaeprotists, 22, 24, 26, 28-29, 32 Rich, Stephen, 115-116, 143-164 bodonid protists, 118-120 RNA, 178 nucleus, origin of, 21 angiosperms, 36, 43, 46, 52, 216 see also Kinetoplastid protists colons, 77, 83, 86, 88, 91-93, 95, 96-97, 117, 132-134, 136, 160 Darwinian theory and, 63-64 Q deletion mutation, 61, 65-69, 75 eucaryote, 23 Qiu, Ying-Long, 35-57 eons, 48, 49, 172, 173, 221, 246 Quasispecies theory, RNA viruses, 62, 77- flower color variation, 216 79 genome, 62, 63-64, 72 minicircle molecules, 115, 117, 118, 120, 121, 123-132, 136 R natural selection, general, 78-79 Raven, Peter, 3-5 trypanosome mitochondria, RNA Redox states, 27, 47 editing; 115, 117-141 Repetitive DNA, see DNA repeats deletion mutation, 117, 118, 121- Reproductive systems and processes, 136 132, 135, 136 asexual, 45-46, 65, 73, 103, 253, 254, enzymes, 117, 134 271-278, 282-285, 293, 295, 296, mutation, 133-134 301 respiratory processes, 123 bacteria, 99-113 transcription, 115, 118, 121, 123, eucaryote and, 28, 60, 99, 102, 103, 124, 135 109, 110 see also Intros, plants; Transcription plants, vii, 2, 212, 226, 228 RNA viruses, 59, 61-82 asexual, 45-46, 73, 103, 253, 254, cell biology, general, 62, 63-64, 72 271-278, 282-285, 293, 295, 296, cloning, 64-69, 73-77 301 Darwinian theory and, 63-64 invasive species, 293, 295, 296, 301 deletion mutation, 61, 65-69, 75 out crossing, 226, 253-254, 255, genome, 62, 73-64, 70, 72 262, 266-267, 271-285 (passim), mutation, 59, 62, 64-69, 73-79 303, 310, 311, 313-316 nucleoside, 60, 63-64, 75-77 vascular plants, 253-288 quasispecies theory, 62, 77-79 morphology and, 259, 260, 263, polymorphism, 75 275, 276, 277, 280-281 population genetics, 59, 61-79 self fertilization, 253-254, 262, quasispecies theory, 62, 77-79 271-272, 274, 275-285 reproductive processes, 65, 73 see also Angiosperms transcription, 75, 77 see also Hybridization, plants; Pollenation; Self fertilization

Index / 339 S T Sampling, 83-84, 86-89, 92-97, 238, 317 Taxonomy, see Systematics Savill, Nicholas, 117-141 Tempo and Mode in Evolution, 256 Sawkins, Mark, 187-210 Tertiary Period, 253, 265, 266 Schaal, Barbara, 166, 235-254 Thiodendron, 21, 24-28 Schierenbeck, Kristina, 254, 289-309 Thiemann, Otavio, 117-141 Schopf, J. William, 1, 6-20 Timofeev, Boris, 13, 14 Self fertilization Transcription flower color variation, 226-227 angiosperm, 42, 43, 44, 216 polyploids, 310, 312, 315 flower color variation, 216 vascular plants, 253-254, 262, 271-272, plant genome, 172, 174, 175, 176-178, 274, 275-285 179, 197-199 Seward, Albert, 11-12 RNA viruses, 75, 77 Simpson, George, v, vi, 256 trypanosome mitochondria, 115, 118, Simpson, Larry, 115, 117-141 121, 123, 124, 135 Smith, Catherine, 83-98 Transduction, 108 Soltis, Douglas, 254, 310-329 Transposition and transposing, 167-171, Soltis, Pamela, 254, 310-329 320 Song, Keming, 35-57 angiosperms, 166, 211, 217, 218, 219, Sorghum, 165, 166, 173, 175, 187, 190, 191- 221-223, 229 193, 195, 198, 294, 298, 301 bacteria, 100, 101, 105-106, 107-108, Southern blotting, 35, 38-40, 51, 126 109 Spatial autocorrelation, 212, 224-225, 227, deletion mutation, plants, 169, 170 230 DNA, 165, 172, 174, 177, 178-179, 196- Spirochetes, 22, 25, 26, 31 197 Sprigg, Reginald, 14 maize, 165, 167, 169-186, 188, 196-197, Stebbins, G. Ledyard, v-vii, 1, 3-5, 7, 165, 200-201 166, 167, 169, 188, 228, 236, morphology, 168, 169, 180 238, 255-258, 260, 291, 292, 305, plant genome, 165-165, 167-186 310, 311, 312, 321 Trichomonads, 22, 32 see also Variation and Evolution in Trypanosomatid protists, 31, 117-141 Plants Tyler, Stanley, 12, 13, 14-16 Stochastic processes, 104, 118, 121 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 101 Stromatolites, 9-12, 16, 18 V see also Cryptozoons Vaccines Sulfur syntrophy, 24, 25, 26-27 Synteny, 173-174 influenza, 83-84 vesicular stomatitis virus, 60, 72 Systematics, general, v, 4, 260, 274, 311, Variation and Evolution in Plants, v-vi, 1, 5, 322 angiosperm, 37-38, 49, 50 7, 165, 167-168, 169, 236, 253, 255-257, 310, 311 cladistics, 247, 253, 259, 260-261, 265, Vascular plants, 2, 166, 211-234, 253-254, 267 eucaryote, 22-23, 28-29, 32 271-288 diploid, 272-273, 276 invasive species, 290, 293-296 pigmentation, 166, 211-234, 264 kinetoplastid protists, 118-120 maize, 202-204 heterozygosity, 276, 283, 284 hybridization, 274, 276 Plasmodium falciparum, 145-146 angiosperm, 38, 40, 41, 45, 49, 51

340 / Index reproduction, 253-288 W morphology and, 259, 260, 263, 275, 276, 277, 280-281 Walcott, Charles, 9-12 out crossing, 226, 253-254, 255, Weldon, W.F.R., vi 262, 266-267, 271-285 (passim), Wright, Sewall, vi 303, 311, 315 World Health Organization, 86, 93, 144 self fertilization, 253-254, 262, 271-272, 274, 275-285 see also Angiosperms Y Vegetation, see Plants Yeast, 30, 45, 47, 193, 193, 196 Vesicular stomatitis virus, 60, 61-82 Viruses bacteria and, 99-113 transduction, 108 see also Influenza virus; RNA viruses

Variation and Evolution in Plants and Microorganisms: Toward a New Synthesis 50 Years After Stebbins Get This Book
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"The present book is intended as a progress report on [the] synthetic approach to evolution as it applies to the plant kingdom." With this simple statement, G. Ledyard Stebbins formulated the objectives of Variation and Evolution in Plants, published in 1950, setting forth for plants what became known as the "synthetic theory of evolution" or "the modern synthesis." The pervading conceit of the book was the molding of Darwin's evolution by natural selection within the framework of rapidly advancing genetic knowledge.

At the time, Variation and Evolution in Plants significantly extended the scope of the science of plants. Plants, with their unique genetic, physiological, and evolutionary features, had all but been left completely out of the synthesis until that point. Fifty years later, the National Academy of Sciences convened a colloquium to update the advances made by Stebbins.

This collection of 17 papers marks the 50th anniversary of the publication of Stebbins' classic. Organized into five sections, the book covers: early evolution and the origin of cells, virus and bacterial models, protoctist models, population variation, and trends and patterns in plant evolution.

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