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Laboratory Design, Construction, and Renovation: Participants, Process, and Product
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Laboratory Design, Construction, and Renovation: Participants, Process, and Product
Index
A
Access and egress, 21, 69-70, 72, 79-80, 86-87
corridors, 20, 34, 83, 84-86, 96, 102, 145
disabled persons, 13, 21, 71, 79, 87-88
elevators, 84, 86, 87-88
fume hoods, 92
Access and egress control, 19, 68, 80-81
Administrators and administration, see Managers and management
Advisory boards, 23, 40
Aesthetics, 21
landscaping, 21, 77, 109, 117
Air quality, see Clean Air Act;
Chemical vapor emissions;
Fume hoods;
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
American Institute of Architects, 1, 42, 44, 45, 119, 138, 140
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), 21, 79, 87-88, 92, 93
Architects, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12-13, 27, 33, 59, 118-119
American Institute of Architects, 1, 42, 44, 45, 119, 138, 140
construction phase, 48-49
facility inventories, 35
facility program, 35
landscaping, 119
predesign phase, 32
schematic design phase, 41, 111-112
selection process, 137-142
Architect project manager, 49, 61
The Architect's Handbook of Professional Practices, 47
As-builts, 6, 54, 56, 58, 143
B
Bathrooms, see Rest rooms
Benchmarking, 33-34, 36, 108
cost factors, 34, 108
defined, 143
fume hoods, 66
space planning, 34, 36
Bids, bidding, 5, 39, 40, 41, 45, 46, 47-48, 52, 113-114, 115, 118, 124
Brooks Act, 137
Budgetary factors, see Cost factors
Building codes and permits, 6, 12, 14, 37, 60-62, 75, 77-78, 85-86, 87, 105, 117
defined, 143
Building commissioning, 5, 6, 54-55, 56, 58, 123-124
client groups and teams, 54-55
defined, 143
experts, 11-12
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Building Officials and Code Administrators International, 62
By-pass hoods, 98
defined, 144
C
Cabinets, 39, 71, 83, 88, 90, 92, 93, 94, 121
Casework, 72, 89, 93, 94, 104, 109, 116, 118
Central utility shafts, 97, 144
Chambers of commerce, 24
Champion, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 27
defined, 144
Change orders, 5, 6, 28, 52-53, 56, 115, 144
contingencies and, 7, 122
cost of, 52-53, 114, 115
defined, 144
record drawings, 115
sources of, 51
Chemical hygiene plan, 64-65, 67
Chemical vapor emissions, 63-64
see also Fume hoods
Clean Air Act, 62
Client budget authorities, 10, 11, 46, 144
Client groups and teams, 3, 8, 9, 30, 40, 73, 112
building commissioning, 54-55
defined, 144
design and construction documents, 39, 41, 45 -46
membership, 11
phases of participation, 10, 30-31, 32, 39, 41, 43, 44-46, 48, 53, 55
sociological factors, 11, 15, 16
Client project leader, 32
Client project managers, 3, 11, 14, 144
defined, 144
phases of participation, 10
Client user representatives, 3, 4, 11, 27
champion and, 9
defined, 16, 144
phases of participation, 10, 30-31, 32, 40, 41, 48, 50-51
role of, 16-17, 31
Codes, see Regulatory issues
Communication factors, 2, 4, 5, 14, 15, 58
construction phase, 46-47
design and documentation, 39, 40, 46
equipment, 95, 101
information technology, 16, 17, 19, 121
mass media, 4, 24
postconstruction interactions, 56
predesign, 32-33
public education, 4, 20-21, 24
regulatory authorities, 7, 61, 124
Community relations, 2-4, 7, 8, 14, 15, 20-27
chambers of commerce, 24
consultants, 23-24
phases of participation, 10, 53
postconstruction interactions, 56
public education, 4, 20-21, 24
rumor control and risk communication, 25
zoning, 14, 74, 75, 77-78, 105, 120, 147
Computer technology, see Information technology
Conditions assessments, 58, 144
Conference rooms, 19, 80
Construction documents, 39, 45-46
Construction groups and teams, 8, 13-14, 48-49, 52-53, 55
partnering, 50
Construction phase, 46-53
contingencies, 122
cost factors, 51-53, 113-115, 122
change orders, 6, 52-53, 114, 115
documentation, 38-39, 45-46, 47, 49, 87-88, 112;
see also Change orders
foundations of buildings, 51, 116-117
scheduling, 13, 46, 47, 50, 51-52, 114
Consultants, 3, 4, 11-13, 118-120
community relations, 23-24
contingencies, 122, 124
cost estimators, 12, 38
design, selection process, 137-142
hazardous materials, 67-68
insurance, 121-122
phases of participation, 10, 32-33
see also Architects;
Engineers
Contamination, see Hazardous materials
Contingencies, 7, 122-123, 124
Contractors and contracting, 4, 13-14, 27, 51
bids, bidding, 6, 29, 39, 40, 41, 45, 46, 47-48, 52, 113-114, 115, 118, 121, 124
building commissioning, 54, 55
construction documentation, 45-46, 47;
see also Change orders
general contractors, 3, 4, 10, 13, 27, 47, 49, 50, 51, 52, 55, 112-113, 118
partnering, 50
phases of participation, 10, 39, 40, 41, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 52
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E
Earthquakes, 61, 74
Economic factors
community relations, 27
see also Cost factors;
Funding
Educational outreach, see Public education
Egress, see Access and egress
EH&S, see Environmental health and safety
Electrical systems, see Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems
Elevation, 44
defined, 145
Elevators, 84, 86, 87-88
Emergency planning, 22, 25-26, 56, 69-70, 95-96
earthquakes, 61, 74
equipment, 70-71
fire prevention and response, 61, 62, 85-86, 87
Employment issues, see Occupational safety and health
Energy use and conservation, 66-67, 109-110
Engineers, 1, 3, 11, 12, 13, 111-112, 119
phases of participation, 10, 40, 49
Entrances, see Access and egress
Environmental health and safety (EH&S), 2, 6, 7, 11, 59-73, 124
building commissioning, 54-55, 60
community relations, 14, 22, 25-26
cost factors, 103-104
facility inventories, 35
hazardous materials, 16, 22, 61, 62, 63-64, 67-68, 70, 71, 85-86, 87, 88;
see also Fume hoods
phases of participation, 3, 10, 31-32, 40, 45, 53, 54-55, 60
regulations, 59, 60-64, 64-65, 69, 70
waste disposal, 21, 63
see also Access and egress;
Occupational safety and health
Environmental impact assessments, 22, 120
Environmental Protection Agency, 63-64
Evaluation, facilities, see Facility evaluations; Postoccupancy evaluations
Existing conditions, 145
Exits, see Access and egress
Eyewash fountains, 70
F
Facility evaluations
defined, 145
postconstruction phase, 53-58
postoccupancy evaluations, 55-56, 146
predesign phase, 30, 34-35
Facility inventories, 30, 35
defined, 145
Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 62
Fire prevention and response, 61, 62, 85-86, 87
Flexibility, 19, 33, 74-75, 108-109, 133
defined, 145
modular design, 3, 19, 42-43, 81-82, 83, 93, 146
Flooring, 94
Floor loading, 95, 102. 145
Floor planning, 43, 73, 80-84
open laboratories, 18, 33, 72, 146
Floor plates. 42, 101, 145
Floor-to-floor height, 78, 101-102, 145
Focus groups. 15-16
Food services, 19
Footprints, 78, 81, 85, 145
Foundations of buildings, 51, 116-117
Fume hoods, 44, 54, 64, 65-67, 72, 79, 88, 90-93, 95, 97-99, 101, 109-110, 144, 147
Funding, 6, 57, 58, 104-105
see also Cost factors
Furniture, 20, 89, 93-94, 120-121
desks, 42, 72, 89
G
Generic laboratory designs, 42-43, 81-82, 89, 91, 108-109, 145
Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 74
H
Handicapped persons, see Disabled persons
Hazardous materials, 16, 22, 61, 62, 63-64, 67-68, 70, 71, 85-86, 87, 88, 99-100
sociological factors, 72
see also Fume hoods
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Health issues, see Environmental health and safety;
Occupational safety and health
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, 13, 54, 66-67, 76-77, 78-79, 83, 88, 90, 93, 95, 97-98, 103
codes, 61-62
cost factors, 66-67, 103, 108
liability issues, 66-67
makeup air, 92, 95, 97, 98, 146
manifold exhaust systems, 98-99, 101, 146
see also Chemical vapor emissions;
Fume hoods
Height, buildings, 75, 78
Human factors, see Managers and management; Sociological issues
I
Information technology, 19, 101, 121
design models, 16, 43, 44
use of, 16, 17
Insurance, 121-122
Interaction diagrams, 79, 80-81, 145
International Conference of Building Officials, 62, 148
Interstitial space, 78, 96, 101-102
defined, 145-146
L
Landscaping, 21, 77, 109, 117, 119
Leadership, see Champions;
Managers and management
Legal issues, see Building codes and permits;
Contractors and contracts;
Legislation, specific;
Liability;
Regulatory issues
Legislation, specific
Americans with Disabilities Act, 21, 77, 79, 86, 87-88, 93
Brooks Act, 137
Clean Air Act, 62, 63, 77
Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 62
National Environmental Policy Act, 22
Occupational Safety and Health Act, 69
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, 62, 63
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, 22, 62
see also Regulatory issues
Less Is Better, Laboratory Chemical Management for Waste Reduction, 63 (n. 1)
Liability issues, 46-47, 121
insurance, 121-122
ventilation systems, 66-67
Libraries, 19-20, 41
Life-cycle costs, 57, 107, 108, 110, 112
defined, 146
Lighting, 20, 91, 94
Liquid effluents, 64
Loading docks, 80, 87
Local issues, see Building codes and permits;
Community relations;
Zoning
M
Maintenance, see Operations and maintenance
Makeup air, 92, 95, 97, 98, 146
Managers and management, 1, 3, 11
advisory boards, 23, 40
construction, 13, 39, 119-120
phases of participation, 10
see also Champion;
Client project managers;
Communication factors
Manifold exhaust systems, 98-99, 101, 146
Manuals, see Operations and maintenance (manuals)
Mass media, 4, 24
Master plans, 25, 26, 30, 32, 33, 58
defined, 146
Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems, 73, 75, 76-77, 84, 95, 96-97, 100-101
central utility shafts, 96, 144
construction documents, 45
cost factors, 103, 117
defined, 146, 147
design development phase, 43
elevators, 84, 86, 87-88
energy use and conservation, 109-110
fume hoods, 90-91
utility chases, 96-97, 147
variable air volume systems, 97-98, 147
see also Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
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Media, see Mass media
Meeting rooms, see Conference rooms
Mixed use, 3, 15, 18
Mock-ups, 16, 44, 118, 119
computer design models, 16, 43, 44
Modular designs, 3, 19, 42-43, 81-82, 93
defined, 146
N
National Environmental Policy Act, 22
National Institute of Building Science, 55
O
Occupational safety and health, 2, 64-72, 133
building commissioning, 54-55
construction phase, 49
disabled workers, 71, 79, 87-88
fume hoods, 54, 64, 65-67, 72, 90, 91, 92, 93, 97-99, 101, 109-110
heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, 54, 61, 66-67, 78-79, 83, 88, 90, 93, 97-98, 103-104
safety showers, 70
see also Access and egress;
Environmental health and safety
Occupational Safety and Health Act, 69
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 64-65, 70
Offices, 82-83, 89
facility inventories, 35
sociological factors, 18
windows, 18, 79, 89, 116
Open laboratories, 18, 33, 72, 146
safety, 72
Operations and maintenance, 20, 28, 53
cost factors, 107, 110
funding and staffing, 6, 57
life-cycle costs, 57, 107, 146
manuals, 6, 55, 58, 146
phases of participation in design, 10, 31-32, 40
P
Parking, 21, 51
Partnering, 50
Pay Now or Pay Later: Controlling Costs of Ownership from Design Throughout the Service Life of Public Buildings, 57
Permits, see Building codes and permits
Planning alternatives, 36-37, 38, 112, 124
Plumbing systems, see Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems
Postconstruction phase, 53-58
see also Operation and maintenance
Postoccupancy evaluations, 55-56
defined, 146
Predesign phase, 2, 4, 5, 6, 18, 28, 30-38, 39, 58, 79
budget, 7, 30, 36, 104-105, 124
cost factors, 110-111
documentation, 34-38
lacking, 40
participants, 30-33
Privacy, 19, 70
Procedural guidelines, 5, 30-33, 39-40, 47-48
Project groups and teams
defined, 147
see also Client groups and teams;
Construction groups and teams;
Design groups and teams
Project leader, 11
Project managers, see Architect project manager;
Client project manager
Architect project manager, 49
Prudent Practices in the Laboratory: Handling and Disposal of Chemicals, 56, 63 (n. 1), 67
Public education, 4, 20-21, 24
mass media, 4, 24
R
Regulatory issues, 6, 25, 59, 60-63, 75, 105
building codes and permits, 6, 12, 14, 37, 60-62, 75, 77-78, 85-86, 87, 105, 117, 143
cost factors, 103-104, 117, 120
communications with authorities, 7, 49, 124
makeup air, 92-93, 97, 98, 146
occupational safety and health, 64-65, 69, 70
zoning, 14, 74, 75, 77-78, 105, 120, 147
see also Environmental health and safety;
Legislation, specific;
Standards
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Renovation, per se, 31-32, 33, 37, 74, 109
benchmarking, 34
modular design, 42-43
new construction vs, 38, 73, 75-76, 105-106
sociology of, 14, 16, 17
temporary facilities during, 17
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, 62, 63
Rest rooms, 20
S
Safety issues, see Environmental health and safety; Occupational safety and health
Scheduling, 30, 31, 38, 105, 106-107
accelerated, 13, 47
construction phase, 13, 46, 47, 50, 51-52, 114
designer selection and, 137-138, 139, 140-141, 142
mock-up construction, 118
planning, 16-17
renovation, 17, 38, 123
Schematic design, 39, 40, 41-43, 111-112
cost factors, 6, 42, 111-112
Security, 20, 79-81, 88
see also Access and egress control
Seismic activity, see Earthquakes
Service corridors, 84, 96, 147
Site selection, 32, 75, 76-78, 116
Sociological issues, 2, 3, 4, 14-21, 27, 75, 79-80, 82-83, 84
assembly areas, 19
atriums, 87
champions, 2, 144
client groups and teams, 15, 16
client user representatives, 16-17, 31
focus groups, 15-16
food services, 19
information technology, 16, 17, 19
interaction diagrams, 80-81, 145
schematic design phase, 42
see also Community relations;
Environmental health and safety;
Occupational
safety and health
Southern Building Code Congress International, 62
Space planning, 3, 18-20, 31, 41, 42, 73, 80-86
assembly areas, 19
atriums, 87
benchmarking, 33-34, 36
building height, 75, 78
conference rooms, 19, 80
corridors, 20, 34, 83, 84-86, 102
environmental health and safety, 70-71, 72
facility programs, 35-36
floor planning, 43, 73, 80-84
open laboratories, 18, 33, 72, 146
floor plates, 42, 145
floor-to-floor height, 78, 101-102, 145
footprints, 78, 81, 145
fume hoods, 92
interaction diagrams, 80-81, 145
interstitial spaces, 78, 96, 101-102, 145-146
modular design, 3, 19, 42-43, 81-82, 83, 93, 146
offices, 18, 82-83, 89
open laboratories, 18, 72, 146
private space, 19
public space, 3, 15;
see also Landscaping
schematic design, 42
storage, 18, 20, 21, 42, 70-71, 83, 87
structural grids, 81, 95, 101-102, 147
Standards
aesthetic, 21
area requirements, 36
facility program summaries, 36, 56
occupational safety and health, 64-65, 69, 70
operations and maintenance manuals, 55, 58, 146
see also Benchmarking;
Building codes and permits;
Legislation, specific;
Regulatory issues
Stewardship plans, 5, 6, 57, 58
Storage, 18, 20, 21, 42, 70-71, 83, 87
cabinets, 39, 71, 83, 88, 90, 92, 93, 94, 121
casework, 72, 89, 93, 94, 104, 109, 116, 118
Strategic plans, 33
defined, 147
predesign phase, 30, 32, 33
Structural grids, 81, 95, 101-102
defined, 147
Subcontractors, 5, 10, 13, 45, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51, 52, 112-113, 114, 115, 118
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, 22, 62
Sustainability, 109-110
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T
Temporary facilities, 17, 123
Toilets, see Rest rooms
Traffic flow, 18, 85-86
interim traffic, 51
see also Access and egress;
Corridors;
Elevators
Transportation services, 21, 80, 85-86, 87, 88
U
User representatives, see Client user representatives
Utilities, see Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems
Utility chases, 96-97, 147
V
Vapor emissions, see Chemical vapor emissions
Variable air volume systems, 97, 147
Ventilation, see Chemical vapor emissions;
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
Vibration, 18, 95, 102, 103
W
Windows, 18, 21, 79, 83, 89, 116, 118
Z
Zoning, 14, 74, 75, 77-78, 105, 120
defined, 147
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