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Ibe Embassy of the Future:
Recommend~ns for the Design
of Future U.S. Embassy Buildings
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The Embassy of the Future:
Recommendations for the Design
of Future U.S. Embassy Buildings
Final Report
NOTICE TO ACCOMPANY
UNCLASSIFIED REPORT
September 1986
This is an unclassified version of the original report submit-
ted in January 1986 to the U.S. Department of State by the
Committee on Research for the Security of Future U.S. Embassy
Buildings, of the Building Research Board (BRB), Commission on
Engineering and Technical Systems, National Research Council.
This summary report does not include certain passages and mate-
rials that appeared in the original report transmitted to the State
Department, which contained information and recommendations
that were deemed by the State Department to be classified. Also,
the original committee report transmitted to the State Depart-
ment was accompanied by eight technical appendixes that address
areas of particular interest and concern. All of these appendixes
were deemed by the State Department to contain information of
a classified nature, not suitable for publication in an unclassified
document.
Readers of this report are urged to talce into account the fact
that this committee's work spanned a period of nearly 18 months,
during a time of substantial and rapid change within the State
Department's Office of Foreign Buildings Operations (FBO). This
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report, therefore, reflects conditions and practices that were in a
state of transition. By the time of the report's transmittal, many
of the situations identified by the committee had been addressed
by FBO. At the time this unclassified report was released, many of
the committee's recommendations had been implemented; others
were under active consideration.
Committee on Research for the Security of
Future U.S. Embassy Buildings
Building Research Board
Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems
National Research Council
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C. 1986
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NOTICE: The project that Is the subject of this report was approved by
the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are
drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National
Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members
of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special
competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
The original report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors
according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting
of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of
Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was established by the National Academy
of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technol-
ogy with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and of advising the
federal government. The Council operates in accordance with general policies
determined by the Academy under the authority of its congressional charter
of 1863, which establishes the Academy as a private, nonprofit, self-governing
membership corporation. The Council has become the principal operating
agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy
of Engineering in the conduct of their services to the government, the public,
and the scientific and engineering communities. It is administered jointly by
both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. The National Academy of
Engineering and the Institute of Medicine were established in 1964 and 1970,
respectively, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences.
The original report was prepared through the Building Research Board,
which is a unit of the Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems of
the National Research Council. It wan prepared under Contract No. 1030-
562112 between the National Academy of Sciences and the State Department.
For information regarding this document, write to the Director, Building
Research Board, National Research Council, 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW,
Washington, DC 20418.
Printed in the United States of America
-
~oAAS ~ationarAca~my Press
~ ,
The National Academy Press was created by the National Academy of
Sciences to publish the reports issued by the Academy and by the
National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the
National Research Council, all operating under the charter granted to
the National Academy of Sciences by the Congress of the United States.
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BUILDING RESEARCH BOARD
1985-1986
Chairman
GEoRGE S. JENKINS, President, Consultation Networks, Inc.,
Washington, D.C.
Members
ROSS B. COROTIS, Chairman, Department of Civil Engineering,
Johns Hopkins University, Baltunore, Maryland
RAY F. DeBRUHL, Director, State Construction, North Carolina
Department of Administration, Raleigh, North Carolina
RICHARD B. DeMARS, Chairman, Geupel-DeMars, Inc.,
Indianapolis, Indiana
DAVID R. DIBNER, Senior Vice-President, Bernard Johnson, Inc.
Bethesda, Maryland
ROBERT C. DOBAN, Senior Vice-President, Science and
Technology, Owen+Corning Fiberglas Corporation, Toledo,
Ohio
EZRA D. EHRENKRANTZ, President, The Ehrenkrantz Group,
New York, New York
DENOS C. GAZIS, Assistant Director, Semiconductor Science and
Technology, IBM Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New
York
JOHN T. JOYCE, President, International Union of Bricklayers
and Allied Craftsmen, Washington, D.C.
RICHARD H. JUDY, Director, Dade County Aviation Department,
Miami, Florida
FREDERICK KRIMGOLD, Associate Dean for Research and
Extension, Virginia Tech, Alexandria, Virginia
ROBERT P. MARSHALL, Turner Construction Company (Retired),
Vera Beach, Florida
RICHARD L. TUCKER, Director, Construction Industry Institute,
The University of Texas, Austin
RALPH WIDNER, Executive Director, Greater Philadelphia First,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
v
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COMMITTEE ON RESEARCH FOR TH lc SECURITY
OF FUTURE U.S. EMBASSY BUILDINGS
Chairman
DAVID R. DIBNER, Bernard Johnson, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
Members
RICHARD T. BAUM, Jaros, Baum and Bones, New York, New
York
SEYMOUR A. BORTZ, IIT Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois
ROBERT C. BREWSTER, U.S. Ambassador (Retired), Washington,
D.C.
RICHARD A. DAY, Severna Park, Maryland
CHRISTOPHER DEGENHARDT, EDAW, Inc., San Erancisco,
California
BRIAN M. JENKINS, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, California
STUART L. KNOOP, Oudens + Knoop, Architects, Washington,
D.C.
MICHAEL R. MORRIS, Hanscomb Associates, Inc., Chicago,
nlinois
JOHN C. PIGNATO, Stone and Webster Engineering Corp.,
Boston, Massachusetts
LESLIE E. ROBERTSON, Leslie E. Robertson Associates, New
York, New York
I,iaison Representatives
ROBERT BURKE, The Smithsonian Institution
DONALD B. BALDWIN, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
CHARLES CULVER, National Bureau of Standards
SAMUEL E. DUNCAN, Veterans Adm~n~tration
ROBERT FURLONG, U.S. Air Force
RALPH JUSELL, U.S. Postal Service
JOHN MOYER, General Services Administration
BART RINEHART, The Smithsonian Institution
MICHAEL YACHNIS, Naval Facilities Engineering Command
State Department Representatives
WILLIAM E. BISCHOFF, Acting Chief, Communication Security
Division
~1
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DONALD J. BOUCHARD, Assistant Secretary for Administration
HARVEY A. BUFFALO, JR., Office of the Inspector General
GREGORIE W. BUJAC, Chief, Physical Security Division
RICHARD N. DERTADIAN, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Foreign
Buildings Operations
DAVID C. FIELDS, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Diplomatic
Security and Director, Diplomatic Security Service
PETER E. GURVIN, Civil Structure Engineer, Office of Foreign
Buildings Operations
KENNETH C. KIDWELL, Chief, Communications Security Division
ROBERT LAMB, Acting Assistant Secretary, Bureau of Diplomatic
Security
DENNIS LUNDSTEDT, Chief of Fire Protection, Office of Foreign
Buildings Operations
WILLIAM McCOLLOUGH, Assistant Director for Building Design,
Office of Foreign Buildings Operations
DAY MOUNT, Deputy Ass~tant Secretary for Information Systems
ROBERT C. RIBERA, Deputy Assistant Secretary for
Communications
RICHARD ROBERTS, Deputy Chief, Standards and Design,
Physical Security Division
JOHN WOLF, Physical Security Division
Consultants and Contractors
KATHLEEN ALMAND, Cabin John, Maryland
JEANETTE A. BEHRENDS, Daytona Beach, Florida
ROLAND M. BINKER, Metcalf and Associates, Washington, D.C.
MICHAEL W. DAVIS, The Perimeter Enhancement Group,
Alexanciria, Virginia
WILMOT ELMES and JOHN MAGLIANO, Syska and Hennessy, New
York, New York
DAVID B. HATTIS, Building Technology, Inc., Silver Spring,
Maryland
WILLIAM A. KEENAN, P.E., Naval Civil Engineering I.aboratory,
Port Hueneme, California
EARLE W. KENNETT, JR., Kensington, Maryland
JAMES R. RILEY, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
HEINZ R. TRECHSEL, H. R. Troche Associates, Germantown
Maryland
·-
V11
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JAMES D. WILLIAMS and DAVID SHEBY, The WLS Group,
Albuquerque, New Mexico
Building Research Board Stay
JOHN P. EBERHARD, Director
THOMAS V. VONIER, Project Director
PETER H. SMEALLIE, Senior Program Officer
PATRICIA M. WHOLEY, Administrative Assistant
DONNA F. ALLEN, Senior Secretary
SHEILA A. DAVIS, Senior Secretary
DELPHINE D. GLAZE, Ad~runistrative Secretary
· --
V111
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pRli`.FACE
In late 1984, the U.S. Congress, responding to growing con-
cerns over the security of U.S. Foreign Service personnel and fa-
cilities abroad, authorized the State Department to carry out
advanced research on the development and application of state-of-
the-art security measures. The State Department sought the ad-
vice of the National Research Council's Building Research Board
(BRB).
The BRB established for this purpose in early 1985 the Com-
mittee on Research for the Security of Future U.S. Embassy Build-
ings. Its members include distinguished persons from a variety
of fields, including building design and construction, landscape
planning and design, physical and communications security, cost
estimation and control, architecture, structural engineering, and
mechanical and electrical engineering. The committee also in-
cludes an ambassador of the United States (retired), a leading
expert on terrorism and terrorist incidents, and liaison representa-
tives from other agencies of the U.S. government that have active
foreign and domestic construction programs.
The committee and staff, aided by consultants and contrac-
tors expert in fields related to building design and security, have
conducted detailed inquiries into a broad range of subjects that
are concerned with the security of personnel and vital information
in U.S. embassy buildings. The committee has maintained active
contact with many offices within the State Department, as well
as with the Secretary of State's Advisory Panel on Overseas Se-
curity. Members of the committee and staff traveled to a number
of foreign posts and received numerous briefings from the State
1X
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Department and from other U.S. government agencies with related
interests.
This report summarizes the committee's recommendations
after more than a year of work. The recommendations are con-
cerned with security-related issues in virtually every aspect of
the planning, design, construction, and management of the State
Department's overseas buildings. In view of the plans now being
implemented by the State Department to build anew, relocate,
or substantially modify a large number of foreign posts, and in
the face of ever-increasing concern over acts of terrorism and es-
pionage directed against U.S. citizens and facilities abroad, the
committee's work has taken on added urgency and significance.
x
