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Clean Coastal Waters: Understanding and Reducing the Effects of Nutrient Pollution (2000)

Chapter: Appendix B Acronyms and Abbreviations

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2000. Clean Coastal Waters: Understanding and Reducing the Effects of Nutrient Pollution. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9812.
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APPENDIX B
Acronyms and Abbreviations


AFO

animal feeding operation

AGNPS

Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution Model

ANSWERS

Areal, Nonpoint Source Watershed Environment Response Simulation

ASP

amnesic shellfish poisoning


BASINS

Better Assessment Science Integrating Point and Nonpoint Sources

BMP

best management practices

BOD

biological oxygen demand


C

carbon

CASNET

Clean Air Status and Trends Network

CCMP

Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan

CENR

Executive Office’s Committee on Environment and Natural Resources

C-GOOS

Coastal Component of the Global Ocean Observing System

CISNet

Coastal Intensive Site Network

CNSPCP

Coastal Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program

CREAMS

Chemical, Runoff, and Erosion from Agricultural Management Systems

CRP

Conservation Reserve Program

CSO

combined sewer overflow

CWAP

Clean Water Action Plan

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2000. Clean Coastal Waters: Understanding and Reducing the Effects of Nutrient Pollution. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9812.
×

DCP

dissolved concentration potential

DIN

dissolved inorganic nitrogen

DO

dissolved oxygen

DOM

dissolved organic matter

DR3M-QUAL

Distributed Routing, Rainfall, Runoff Model-Quality

DSP

diarrhetic shellfish poisoning


EMAP

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program

EMC

event mean concentration

EPA

Environmental Protection Agency

EPRI

Electric Power Research Institute

EQIP

Environmental Quality Incentives Program

EXP

estuarine export potential


GIS

geographical information system

GLEAMS

Groundwater Loading Effects of Agricultural Management Systems

GOMP

Gulf of Mexico Program

GPP

gross primary productivity


HAB

harmful algal bloom

HEC

Hydrologic Engineering Center

HSPF

Hydrologic Simulation Program-FORTRAN


MERL

Marine Ecosystem Research Laboratory


N

nitrogen

NADP

National Atmospheric Deposition Program

NASA

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NEP

National Estuary Program

NERR

National Estuarine Research Reserve

NERRS

National Estuarine Research Reserve System

NOAA

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NPDES

EPA’s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

NRC

National Research Council

NSF

National Science Foundation

NSP

neurotoxic shellfish poisoning

NSTC

National Science and Technology Council

NURP

EPA’s Nationwide Urban Runoff Program


P

phosphorus

PSP

paralytic shellfish poisoning

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2000. Clean Coastal Waters: Understanding and Reducing the Effects of Nutrient Pollution. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9812.
×

SAV

submerged aquatic vegetation

SCOPE

Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment

SCS

Soil Conservation Service

SIP

State Implementation Plan

SPARROW

Spatially Referenced Regressions on Watersheds model

SRP

soluble reactive phosphorus

SWAT

Soil and Water Assessment Tool

SWEM

System-Wide Eutrophication Model

SWMM

Storm Water Management Model

SWRRB

Simulator for Water Resources in Rural Basins


TMDL

total maximum daily load


USDA

U.S. Department of Agriculture

USGS

U.S. Geological Survey


WQAM

Water Quality Assessment Methodology

WQIA

Water Quality Improvement Act

WTA

willingness to accept

WTP

willingness to pay

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2000. Clean Coastal Waters: Understanding and Reducing the Effects of Nutrient Pollution. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9812.
×
Page 353
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2000. Clean Coastal Waters: Understanding and Reducing the Effects of Nutrient Pollution. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9812.
×
Page 354
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2000. Clean Coastal Waters: Understanding and Reducing the Effects of Nutrient Pollution. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9812.
×
Page 355
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Clean Coastal Waters: Understanding and Reducing the Effects of Nutrient Pollution Get This Book
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Environmental problems in coastal ecosystems can sometimes be attributed to excess nutrients flowing from upstream watersheds into estuarine settings. This nutrient over-enrichment can result in toxic algal blooms, shellfish poisoning, coral reef destruction, and other harmful outcomes. All U.S. coasts show signs of nutrient over-enrichment, and scientists predict worsening problems in the years ahead.

Clean Coastal Waters explains technical aspects of nutrient over-enrichment and proposes both immediate local action by coastal managers and a longer-term national strategy incorporating policy design, classification of affected sites, law and regulation, coordination, and communication.

Highlighting the Gulf of Mexico's "Dead Zone," the Pfiesteria outbreak in a tributary of Chesapeake Bay, and other cases, the book explains how nutrients work in the environment, why nitrogen is important, how enrichment turns into over-enrichment, and why some environments are especially susceptible. Economic as well as ecological impacts are examined.

In addressing abatement strategies, the committee discusses the importance of monitoring sites, developing useful models of over-enrichment, and setting water quality goals. The book also reviews voluntary programs, mandatory controls, tax incentives, and other policy options for reducing the flow of nutrients from agricultural operations and other sources.

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