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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition (2003)
Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources (BANR)

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003

12
Composition of Foods and Feed Ingredients

Information on the nutrient composition of foods and feed ingredients is essential for formulating feeds and diets to meet the nutrient requirements of nonhuman primates. Variability of nutrient composition of a specific feed ingredient is a function of several factors, including growing and harvest conditions, processing and storage influences and nutritional status of the organism. Selection of analytic methods can contribute to variability of published results (National Research Council, 1998).

Data presented in Table 12-1 include dry matter, gross energy, crude protein, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, total dietary fiber, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Gross energy (GE) is the only food energy value listed in Table 12-1 because other energy values, such as digestible energy (DE) or metabolizable energy (ME), are not constants but are functions of food composition, amount of food consumed per unit of time, and the ability of the consuming primate to digest or metabolize the food. Although ME concentrations of total diets have been determined for a few nonhuman primate species, ME concentrations in individual foods or feed ingredients consumed by nonhuman primates have not been reported. Because digestive tract morphology and physiology is so diverse, ME values of individual foods would be expected to vary appreciably among species within the Primate order. Although untested, ME values of low- to medium-fiber foods consumed by omnivorous primates, such as rhesus macaques, might be similar to ME values of those foods when consumed by humans. ME values of higher-fiber foods might be similar to ME values of those foods when consumed by small ruminants. Mineral and vitamin composition of foods and feed are presented in Tables 12-2 and 12-3, respectively. Amino acid composition is provided in Table 12-4. Mineral concentrations of macro mineral sources are presented in Table 12-5. Various sources of fats and oils are listed in Table 12-6 and their characteristics are described.

Although many common feed ingredients are used in the manufacture of commercial primate feeds, many food items included in nonhuman-primate diets are not typical of those used in livestock feeding programs. As a result, a wide variety of literature sources were used to develop the values in the following tables. When sufficient data are available, the nutrient concentrations expressed are averages, reflecting the most likely nutrient concentrations in commonly used feeds. The values in the tables are intended to be used as guides, and users are encouraged to have feed ingredients chemically analyzed before widespread application.

REFERENCES

Allen, M.E. 1989. Nutritional Aspects of Insectivory. Ph.D. Thesis. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University.


Bath, D., J. Dunbar, J. King, S. Berry and S. Olbrich. 1999. Byproducts and unusual feedstuffs. Feedstuffs 71(31):32-38.

Bird, D.M., S. Ho., and O.P. Macdonald. 1982. Nutritive values of three common prey items of the American kestrel. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 73:513-515.


Cera, K.R., D.C. Mahan and G.A. Reinhart. 1989. Apparent fat digestibilities and performance responses of postweaning swine fed diets supplemented with coconut oil, corn oil or tallow. J. Anim. Sci. 67:2040-2047.


Defoliart, G.R., M.D. Finke, and M.L. Sunde. 1982. Potential value of the mormon cricket (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) harvested as a high-protein feed for poultry. J. Econ. Entomol. 78:848-852.


Ewan, R.C. 1989. Predicting the energy utilization of diets and feed ingredients by pigs. Pp. 271-274 in Energy Metabolism, European Association of Animal Production Bulletin No. 43. Y. van der Honing and W. H. Close, Eds. Pudoc Wageningen, Netherlands.


Finke, M.D. 2002. Complete nutrient composition of commercially raised invertebrates used as food for insectivores. Zoo Biology. 21:269-285.


Glew, R.H., D.J. VanderJagt, C. Lockett, L.E. Grivetti, G.C. Smith, A. Pastuszyn, and M. Millson. 1997. Amino acid, fatty acid, and mineral composition of 24 indigenous plants of Burkina Faso. J. Food Comp. Anal. 10:205-217.

Guglielmo, C.G., and W.H. Karasov. 1995. Nutritional quality of winter browse for ruffed grouse. J. Wild. Manage. 59:427-436. .

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003 12 Composition of Foods and Feed Ingredients Information on the nutrient composition of foods and feed ingredients is essential for formulating feeds and diets to meet the nutrient requirements of nonhuman primates. Variability of nutrient composition of a specific feed ingredient is a function of several factors, including growing and harvest conditions, processing and storage influences and nutritional status of the organism. Selection of analytic methods can contribute to variability of published results (National Research Council, 1998). Data presented in Table 12-1 include dry matter, gross energy, crude protein, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, total dietary fiber, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Gross energy (GE) is the only food energy value listed in Table 12-1 because other energy values, such as digestible energy (DE) or metabolizable energy (ME), are not constants but are functions of food composition, amount of food consumed per unit of time, and the ability of the consuming primate to digest or metabolize the food. Although ME concentrations of total diets have been determined for a few nonhuman primate species, ME concentrations in individual foods or feed ingredients consumed by nonhuman primates have not been reported. Because digestive tract morphology and physiology is so diverse, ME values of individual foods would be expected to vary appreciably among species within the Primate order. Although untested, ME values of low- to medium-fiber foods consumed by omnivorous primates, such as rhesus macaques, might be similar to ME values of those foods when consumed by humans. ME values of higher-fiber foods might be similar to ME values of those foods when consumed by small ruminants. Mineral and vitamin composition of foods and feed are presented in Tables 12-2 and 12-3, respectively. Amino acid composition is provided in Table 12-4. Mineral concentrations of macro mineral sources are presented in Table 12-5. Various sources of fats and oils are listed in Table 12-6 and their characteristics are described. Although many common feed ingredients are used in the manufacture of commercial primate feeds, many food items included in nonhuman-primate diets are not typical of those used in livestock feeding programs. As a result, a wide variety of literature sources were used to develop the values in the following tables. When sufficient data are available, the nutrient concentrations expressed are averages, reflecting the most likely nutrient concentrations in commonly used feeds. The values in the tables are intended to be used as guides, and users are encouraged to have feed ingredients chemically analyzed before widespread application. REFERENCES Allen, M.E. 1989. Nutritional Aspects of Insectivory. Ph.D. Thesis. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University. Bath, D., J. Dunbar, J. King, S. Berry and S. Olbrich. 1999. Byproducts and unusual feedstuffs. Feedstuffs 71(31):32-38. Bird, D.M., S. Ho., and O.P. Macdonald. 1982. Nutritive values of three common prey items of the American kestrel. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 73:513-515. Cera, K.R., D.C. Mahan and G.A. Reinhart. 1989. Apparent fat digestibilities and performance responses of postweaning swine fed diets supplemented with coconut oil, corn oil or tallow. J. Anim. Sci. 67:2040-2047. Defoliart, G.R., M.D. Finke, and M.L. Sunde. 1982. Potential value of the mormon cricket (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) harvested as a high-protein feed for poultry. J. Econ. Entomol. 78:848-852. Ewan, R.C. 1989. Predicting the energy utilization of diets and feed ingredients by pigs. Pp. 271-274 in Energy Metabolism, European Association of Animal Production Bulletin No. 43. Y. van der Honing and W. H. Close, Eds. Pudoc Wageningen, Netherlands. Finke, M.D. 2002. Complete nutrient composition of commercially raised invertebrates used as food for insectivores. Zoo Biology. 21:269-285. Glew, R.H., D.J. VanderJagt, C. Lockett, L.E. Grivetti, G.C. Smith, A. Pastuszyn, and M. Millson. 1997. Amino acid, fatty acid, and mineral composition of 24 indigenous plants of Burkina Faso. J. Food Comp. Anal. 10:205-217. Guglielmo, C.G., and W.H. Karasov. 1995. Nutritional quality of winter browse for ruffed grouse. J. Wild. Manage. 59:427-436. .

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003 Hummer, R.L. 1970. Feeding and Nutrition of Non-human Primates. New York: Academic Press Institute of Medicine (IOM). 1996. Food Chemical Codex, 4th ed. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. Janeke, E.K. 1995. Captive primate food selection: the effects of plant chemistry on browse choice by Francois’ leaf-eating monkey (Presbytis francoisi). Pp. 113 in Thesis (M.S.)—San Diego State University. San Diego, CA. Jensen, R.G. (Ed). 1995. Handbook of Milk Composition. New York: Academic Press. Massieu, G., J. Guzman, R.O. Cravioto, and J. Calvo. 1951. Nutritive value of some primitive Mexican foods. J. Am. Dietetic Assoc. 27:212-214. National Research Council. 1971. Atlas of Nutritional Data on United States and Canadian Feeds. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. National Research Council. 1981. Nutrient Requirements of Goats. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. National Research Council. 1982. United States-Canadian Tables of Feed Composition: Nutritional Data for United States and Canadian Feeds. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. National Research Council. 1998. Nutrient Requirements of Swine, 10th Rev. ed. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. Pearl, G.G. 1995. Feeding Fats. Fats and Proteins Research Foundation Publication No. 269. Bloomington, IL: Fats and Proteins Research Foundation. 23 pp. Robbins, C.T., and A.N. Moen. 1975. Composition and digestibility of several deciduous browses in the Northeast. J. Wild. Manage. 39:337-341. Schmidt, D.A., M.S. Kerley, J.L. Dempsey, and I.J. Porton. 1999. The potential to increase neutral detergent fiber levels in ape diets using readily available produce. Pp. 102-107 in Third Conference Proceedings of the American Zoo and Aquarium Association Nutrition Advisory Group. Columbus, OH. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. 2001. USDA Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 14. Nutrient Data Laboratory Homepage, http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. 1996. USDA Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 11. Nutrient Data Laboratory Homepage, http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/SR11-1/sr11-1.html. Warnell, K.J. 1988. Feed intake, digestibility, digesta passage, and fecal microbial ecology of the red panda (Ailurus fulgens). P.29 in Thesis (M.S.)-Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003 TABLE 12-1 Composition of Important Feeds: Energy Values,Proximate Analyses, Plant Cell Wall Constituents, Data Expressed As-Fed and Dry (100% Dry Matter)a   Plant Cell Wall Constituents   Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Gross Energyc (kcal/g) Crude Protein (%) Crude Fat (%) Lino-leic Acid (%) Lino-lenic Acid (%) Ash (%) TDF (%) NDF (%) ADF (%) Cellulose (%) Hemi-cellulose (%) Lignin (%) Data Source   Alder Alnus sp 1 leaves, sun-cured — 85.0 3.87 18.7 5.1 — — 5.0 — — 17.9 — — — Bath et al., 1999 2   100.0 4.55 22.0 6.0 — — 5.9 — — 21.0 — — —     Alfalfa Medicago sativa 3 meal dehy, 15% CP 1-00-022 90.0 — 15.6 2.2 — — 9.1 — 46.0 37.0 26.0 — 11.0 NRC, 1982 4   100.0 4.10 17.3 2.4 — — 10.1 — 51.1 41.1 28.9 — 12.2   5 meal dehy, 17% CP 1-00-023 92.0 — 17.0 2.6 0.35 — 9.7 — 41.2 30.2 22.0 — 10.0 NRC, 1998; NRC, 1982 6   100.0 4.11 18.5 2.8 0.38 — 10.5 — 44.8 32.8 23.9 — 10.9   7 meal dehy, 20% CP 1-00-024 92.0 — 19.6 3.3 0.44 — 10.4 — 38.8 26.4 20.0 — 7.0 NRC, 1998; NRC, 1982 8   100.0 4.17 21.3 3.6 0.48 — 11.3 — 42.2 28.7 21.7 — 7.6   9 meal dehy, 22% CP 1-07-851 93.0 — 22.2 4.1 — — 10.2 — 36.0 26.0 19.0 — 7.0 NRC, 1982 10   100.0 4.27 23.9 4.4 — — 11.0 — 39.0 28.0 20.0 — 8.0     Almond Prunus amygdalus 11 hulls 4-00-359 90.0 — 1.9 2.7 — — 5.8 — 29.0 25.0 17.0 4.0 8.0 NRC, 1982 12   100.0 4.06 2.1 3.0 — — 6.5 — 32.0 28.0 19.0 4.0 9.0     Apple Malus sylvestris 13 fruit, raw, with peel — 16.1 — 0.2 0.4 0.09 0.02 0.3 2.7 1.6 1.0 — 0.7 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 14   100.0 4.21 1.2 2.2 0.56 0.11 1.6 16.8 10.2 6.0 — 4.2 —   15 pomace, dehy — 89.0 — 4.4 4.5 — — 2.0 — — 23.1 — — — Bath et al., 1999 16   100.0 4.41 4.9 5.1 — — 2.2 — — 26.0 — — —   17 pomace, oat hulls added, dehy 4-28-096 89.0 — 4.6 4.7 — — 3.1 — — 40.0 — — 12.0 NRC, 1982 18   100.0 4.36 5.2 5.3 — — 3.5 — — 44.9 — — 13.5     Apricot Prunus armeniaca 19 fruit, dried, sulfured — 68.9 — 3.7 0.5 0.09 0.00 3.1 9.0 — — — — — USDASR14 20   100.0 4.07 5.3 0.7 0.13 0.00 4.4 13.1 — — — — —   21 fruit, raw, epd — 13.7 — 1.4 0.4 0.08 0.00 0.8 2.4 1.0 0.6 — 0.4 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 22   100.0 4.22 10.3 2.9 0.59 0.00 5.5 17.6 7.3 4.7 — 2.6 —     Ash Fraxinus spp. 23 leaves, sun-cured — 85.0 — 12.4 4.7 — — 5.7 — — — — — — NRC, 1971 24   100.0 4.38 14.6 5.5 — — 6.7 — — — — — —     Asparagus Asparagus officinalis 25 spear, raw — 7.6 — 2.3 0.2 0.08 0.01 0.6 2.1 1.4 0.9 — 0.4 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 26   100.0 4.41 30.0 2.6 1.09 0.07 7.5 27.6 17.9 12.4 — 5.5 —     Aspen Populus spp 27 leaves, sun-cured — 85.0 — 14.6 4.6 — — 7.7 — — 26.4 — — — Bath et al., 1999 28   100.0 4.30 17.2 5.4 — — 9.1 — — 31.0 — — —   29 flower buds, spring — 38.2 1.84 5.2 — — — — — — — — — — Guglielmo and Karasov, 1995 30   100.0 4.82 13.5 — — — — — — — — — —     Avocado Persea americana 31 fruit, raw, ep, all commerical varieties — 25.7 — 2.0 15.3 1.84 0.11 1.0 5.0 — — — — — USDASR14 32   100.0 7.41 7.7 59.5 7.15 0.43 4.0 19.4 — — — — —     Bamboo, arrow Psuedosasa japonica 33 leaves — 24.1 1.05 3.1 0.7 — — 2.2 — 18.5 11.8 9.8 6.7 2.0 Warnell, 1988 34   100.0 4.35 12.7 2.7 — — 9.1 — 76.8 48.9 40.5 27.9 8.4     Banyan, weeping Chinese Ficus benjamina 35 leaves, mature, fresh — 39.9 — 3.4 — — — — — — 13.1 — — — Janeke, 1995 36   100.0 — 8.5 — — — — — — 32.8 — — —     Banyantree Ficus benghalensis 37 leaves, fresh 2-27-208 32.0 — 3.1 — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1981 38   100.0 — 9.6 — — — — — — — — — —  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003   Plant Cell Wall Constituents   Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Gross Energyc (kcal/g) Crude Protein (%) Crude Fat (%) Lino-leic Acid (%) Lino-lenic Acid (%) Ash (%) TDF (%) NDF (%) ADF (%) Cellulose (%) Hemi-cellulose (%) Lignin (%) Data Source   Bakery waste 39 dried bakery product 4-00-466 92.0 — 10.8 11.3 5.70 — 4.0 — 2.0 1.3 — 0.7 — NRC, 1998 40   100.0 4.82 11.7 12.3 6.20 — 4.3 — 2.2 1.4 — 0.8 —     Banana Musa sapientum 41 aerial part, fresh 2-00-483 16.0 — 1.0 0.1 — — 2.1 — — — — — — NRC, 1971 42   100.0 3.71 6.4 0.8 — — 13.1 — — — — — —   43 flower — 8.7 — 1.4 — — — 1.0 — 3.6 2.0 — 1.6 — Schmidt et al., 1999 44   100.0 — 15.8 — — — 11.1 — 41.2 22.6 — 18.6 —   45 fruit, raw, ep — 25.7 — 1.0 0.5 0.06 0.03 0.8 2.4 1.4 — — — — USDASR14 46   100.0 4.17 4.0 1.9 0.22 0.13 3.1 9.3 5.4 — — — —   47 fruit, raw, with peel — 19.9 — 1.1 — — — 0.7 — 2.4 0.5 — 1.9 — Schmidt et al., 1999 48   100.0 — 5.7 — — — 3.6 — 12.3 2.8 — 9.5 —   49 leaves, fresh 2-09-902 19.0 — 2.9 — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1981 50   100.0 — 15.7 — — — — — — — — — —   51 peel — 16.2 — 1.0 1.4 — — 1.9 — — — — — — NRC, 1971 52   100.0 4.21 6.1 8.7 — — 11.7 — — — — — —     Barley Hordeum distichon 53 grain, two row 4-00-572 89.0 — 11.3 1.9 0.88 — — — 18.0 6.2 — 11.8 — NRC, 1998 54   100.0 — 12.7 2.1 0.99 — — — 20.2 7.0 — 13.3 —     Barley Hordeum vulgare 55 grain, six row 4-00-574 89.0 — 10.5 1.9 0.91 — — — 18.6 7.0 — 11.6 — NRC, 1998 56   100.0 — 11.8 2.1 1.02 — — — 20.9 7.9 — 13.0 —   57 grain,hulless 4-00-552 88.0 — 14.9 2.1 1.14 — — — 10.1 2.2 — 7.9 — NRC, 1998 58   100.0 — 16.9 2.4 1.30 — — — 11.5 2.5 — 9.0 —     Bean, snap Phaseolus spp 59 green, raw — 9.7 — 1.8 0.1 0.02 0.04 0.7 3.4 2.1 1.8 — 0.3 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 60   100.0 4.19 18.7 1.2 0.24 0.37 6.8 34.9 21.9 18.3 — 3.6 —   61 yellow, raw — 9.7 — 1.8 0.1 0.02 0.04 0.7 3.4 2.1 — — — — USDASR14 62   100.0 4.19 18.7 1.2 0.24 0.37 6.8 34.9 21.6 — — — —     Beech, American Fagus grandifolia 63 leaves, sun-cured 1-00-628 86.0 — 10.5 2.2 — — 4..1 — 55.6 40.9 21.3 14.7 14.4 NRC, 1971; Robbins and Moen, 1975 64   100.0 — 12.2 2.5 — — 4..8 — 64.7 47.6 24.8 17.1 16.8     Beet, sugar Beta vulgaris altissima 65 greens, raw — 7.8 — 1.8 0.1 0.02 0.00 2.0 3.7 — — — — — USDASR14 66   100.0 3.40 23.3 0.8 0.24 0.03 25.8 47.1 — — — — —   67 pulp, dehy 4-00-669 91.0 — 8.6 0.8 — — — — 42.4 24.3 — 18.1 — NRC, 1998 68   100.0 — 9.5 0.9 — — — — 46.6 26.7 — 19.9 —   69 tops, fresh — 17.0 — 2.6 0.2 — — 3.9 — — 2.4 — — — Bath et al., 1999 70   100.0 3.42 15.1 1.1 — — 22.9 — — 14.0 — — —   71 tubers, raw — 12.4 — 1.6 0.2 0.06 0.01 1.1 2.8 — — — — — USDASR14 72   100.0 4.03 13.0 1.4 0.45 0.04 8.7 22.5 — — — — —     Birch, paper Betula papyrifera 73 leaves — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Robbins and Moen, 1975 74   100.0 — — — — — — — 44.7 30.8 13.5 13.8 10.9     Birch, sweet Betula lenta 75 browse, immature, fresh 2-00-724 92.4 — 26.0 7.9 — — 7.1 — — — — — — NRC, 1971 76   100.0 4.71 28.1 8.6 — — 7.7 — — — — — —   77 browse, mid-bloom, fresh 2-00-725 93.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1971 78   100.0 — — — — — — — — — — — —     Blackberry Rubus ulmifolius 79 fruit, raw — 14.4 — 0.7 0.4 0.15 0.08 0.5 5.3 3.7 2.6 — 1.1 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 80   100.0 4.22 5.0 2.7 1.03 0.52 3.3 36.9 25.4 18.0 — 7.5 —  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003   Blood 81 meal, conventional 5-00-380 92.0 — 77.1 1.6 0.09 — 5.3 — 13.6 1.8 — 11.8 — NRC, 1998 82   100.0 5.24 83.8 1.7 0.10 — 5.8 — 14.8 2.0 — 12.8 —   83 meal, flash dried 5-26-006 92.0 — 87.6 1.6 — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 84   100.0 — 95.2 1.7 — — — — — — — — —   85 meal, spray or ring dried 5-00-381 93.0 — 88.8 1.3 0.17 — 6.6 — — — — — — NRC, 1998 86   100.0 5.34 95.5 1.4 0.18 — 7.1 — — — — — —   87 plasma, spray dried — 91.0 — 78.0 2.0 — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 88   100.0 — 85.7 2.2 — — — — — — — — —   89 cells, spray dried — 92.0 — 92.0 1.5 — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 90   100.0 — 100.0 1.6 — — — — — — — — —     Blueberries Vaccinium spp. 91 fruit, raw — 15.4 — 0.7 0.4 0.10 0.07 0.2 2.7 2.0 1.1 — 0.9 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 92   100.0 4.29 4.4 2.5 0.64 0.44 1.4 17.5 13.2 7.1 — 6.2 —     Breadfruit Artocarpus altilis 93 fruit, raw — 29.4 — 1.1 0.2 0.05 0.02 0.9 4.9 — — — — — USDASR14 94   100.0 4.10 3.7 0.8 0.16 0.06 3.2 16.7 — — — — —     Brewers’ grain 95 dried 5-02-141 92.0 — 26.5 7.3 3.14 — 3.6 — 48.7 21.9 — 26.8 — NRC, 1998 96   100.0 4.85 28.8 7.9 3.41 — 3.9 — 52.9 23.8 — 29.1 —     Broccoli Brassica oleracea var. italicca 97 raw — 9.3 — 3.0 0.4 0.04 0.13 0.9 3.0 1.5 1.4 — 0.2 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 98   100.0 4.40 32.0 3.8 0.41 1.39 9.9 32.2 16.6 14.7 — 2.0 —     Brush cherry Syzygium paniculata 99 leaves, mature, fresh — 31.6 — 3.3 — — — — — — 8.6 — — — Janeke, 1995 100   100.0 — 10.3 — — — — — — 27.2 — — —     Brussel sprouts Brassica oleracea var. bullata gemmifera 101 raw — 14.0 — 3.4 0.3 0.05 0.10 1.4 3.8 2.5 1.5 — 1.1 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 102   100.0 4.24 27.2 2.1 0.32 0.71 9.8 27.1 18.1 10.6 — 7.5 —     Buckwheat, common Fagopyrum sagittatum 103 grain 4-00-994 88.0 — 11.1 2.4 0.53 — 2.1 — 17.8 14.3 — 3.5 — NRC, 1998 104   100.0 4.38 12.6 2.7 0.60 — 2.4 — 20.2 16.3 — 4.0 —   105 middlings 5-00-991 89.0 — 29.8 7.3 — — 4.9 — — — — — — NRC, 1982 106   100.0 4.86 33.5 8.2 — — 5.5 — — — — — —     Cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata 107 raw — 7.8 — 1.4 0.3 0.05 0.07 0.7 2.3 1.4 0.8 — 0.5 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 108   100.0 4.21 18.3 3.4 0.66 0.87 9.0 29.3 17.2 10.4 — 6.8 —     Cabbage, bok choy 109 raw — 4.8 — 1.1 — — — 0.5 — 0.6 0.5 — 0.1 — Schmidt et al., 1999 110   100.0 — 23.7 — — — 10.5 — 13.3 10.3 — 3.0 —     Cabbage, napa Brassica pekinensis 111 raw — 3.5 — 1.0 — — — 0.4 — 0.6 0.5 — 0.1 — Schmidt et al., 1999 112   100.0 — 27.6 — — — 10.2 — 17.1 14.0 — 3.1 —     Carambola Averrhoa carambola 113 fruit, raw — 9.1 — 0.5 0.4 0.16 0.03 0.4 2.7 1.2 — — — — USDASR14 114   100.0 4.27 6.0 3.9 1.81 0.31 4.1 29.7 12.7 — — — —     Carrot Daucus carota 115 roots, fresh — 12.2 — 1.0 0.2 0.07 0.01 0.9 — 1.2 1.1 — 0.1 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 116   100.0 4.04 8.4 1.6 0.55 0.08 7.1 — 9.7 8.9 — 0.8 —   117 tops, fresh — 16.0 — 2.1 0.6 — — 2.4 — — 3.7 — — — Bath et al., 1999 118   100.0 3.89 13.1 3.8 — — 15.0 — — 23.0 — — —     Canola Brassica napa 119 meal, sol. extr. 5-06-145 90.0 — 35.6 3.5 0.42 — — — 21.2 17.2 — 4.0 — NRC, 1998 120   100.0 — 39.6 3.9 0.47 — — — 23.6 19.1 — 4.4 —   121 oil 4-06-144 100.0 — 0.0 100.0 20.30 9.30 0.0 — 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 NRC, 1998 122   100.0 9.74 0.0 100.0 20.30 9.30 0.0 — 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003   Plant Cell Wall Constituents   Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Gross Energyc (kcal/g) Crude Protein (%) Crude Fat (%) Lino-leic Acid (%) Lino-lenic Acid (%) Ash (%) TDF (%) NDF (%) ADF (%) Cellulose (%) Hemi-cellulose (%) Lignin (%) Data Source   Casein (cattle) 123 dehy 5-01-162 91.0 — 88.7 0.8 0.03 — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 124   100.0 — 97.5 0.9 0.03 — — — — — — — —     Cassava Manihot esculenta 125 meal, dehydrated 4-01-152 88.0 — 3.3 0.5 — — — — 7.7 4.6 — 3.1 — NRC, 1998 126   100.0 — 3.8 0.6 — — — — 8.8 5.2 — 3.5 —   127 tubers, fresh 4-09-599 31.5 — 1.3 0.4 — — 1.4 — 3.7 1.3 — 2.4 — NRC, 1982; Schmidt et al., 1999 128   100.0 4.08 3.6 1.0 — — 3.9 — 11.9 4.3 — 7.6 —     Cauliflower Brassica oleracea var. botrytis 129 raw — 8.1 — 2.0 0.2 0.02 0.08 0.7 2.5 1.5 1.4 — 0.2 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 130   100.0 4.27 24.5 2.6 0.28 0.94 8.8 30.9 19.1 17.2 — 1.9 —   131 green, raw — 10.2 — 3.0 0.3 0.03 0.10 0.9 3.2 — — — — — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 132   100.0 4.36 28.9 2.9 0.28 1.02 8.6 31.3 — — — — —     Celery Apium graveolens var. dulce 133 raw — 5.4 — 0.8 0.1 0.07 0.00 0.8 1.7 0.8 0.7 — 0.2 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 134   100.0 3.83 14.0 2.6 1.29 0.00 15.3 31.7 15.7 12.6 — 3.1 —     Cereal 135 screenings 4-02-156 90.0 — 12.1 3.7 — — 5.4 — — — — — — NRC, 1982 136   100.0 4.31 13.4 4.1 — — 6.0 — — — — — —     Chalum Inga spp 137 dehy, fruit — 96.8 — 12.5 1.2 — — 3.1 — — — — — — NRC, 1971 138   100.0 4.27 12.9 1.2 — — 3.2 — — — — — —   139 dehy, pod — 97.8 — 9.8 1.5 — — 4.4 — — — — — — NRC, 1971 140   100.0 4.18 10.0 1.5 — — 4.5 — — — — — —   141 dehy, seeds — 93.5 — 20.2 1.0 — — 2.0 — — — — — — NRC, 1971 142   100.0 4.43 21.6 1.1 — — 2.1 — — — — — —     Chayote Cucurbita pepo 143 fruit, raw, with peel — 5.8 — 0.8 0.1 0.05 0.08 0.3 1.7 1.2 0.8 — 0.3 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 144   100.0 4.32 12.9 4.3 0.67 5.7 29.5 16.6 12.1 — 4.5 —     Cherimoya Annona cherimolia 145 fruit, raw — 26.5 — 1.3 0.4 — — 0.8 2.4 — — — — — USDASR14 146   100.0 4.17 4.9 1.5 — — 3.0 9.1 — — — — —     Cherry Prunus spp 147 fruit, raw — 13.9 — 1.0 0.3 0.05 0.04 0.4 1.6 — — — — — USDASR14 148   100.0 4.25 7.2 2.2 0.33 0.32 2.9 11.5 — — — — —     Chicory Cichorium intybus 149 greens, raw — 8.0 — 1.7 0.3 0.11 0.02 1.3 4.0 — — — — — USDASR14 150   100.0 3.96 21.3 3.8 1.40 0.24 16.3 50.0 — — — — —     Cockroach, American Periplaneta americana 151 adult — 33.3 1.84 21.1 — — — 1.9 — — 4.2 — — — Allen, 1989 152   100.0 5.52 63.5 — — — 5.6 — — 12.6 — — —     Cockroach, Haitian Blaberus discoidalus 153 adult — 30.3 1.80 19.0 — — — — — — 3.4 — — — Allen, 1989 154   100.0 5.95 62.8 — — — — — — 11.2 — — —     Coconut Cocos nucifera 155 meal, sol. extr. 5-01-573 92.0 — 21.9 3.0 0.03 — — — 51.3 25.5 — 25.8 — NRC, 1998 156   100.0 — 23.8 3.3 0.03 — — — 55.8 27.7 — 28.0 —   157 oil 4-09-320 100.0 — 0.0 100.0 1.80 0.00 0.0 — 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 NRC, 1998 158   100.0 9.74 0.0 100.0 1.80 0.00 0.0 — 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003   Collard Brassica oleracea var. 159 greens, raw — 9.5 — 2.5 0.4 0.04 0.06 0.9 3.6 1.8 1.2 — 0.6 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 160   100.0 4.27 16.6 2.3 0.46 0.60 5.8 38.1 19.0 12.6 — 6.4 —     Corn, yellow Zea mays indentata 161 bran — 95.3 — 8.4 0.9 0.41 0.00 0.4 85.5 — — — — — USDASR14 162   100.0 4.31 8.8 1.0 0.43 0.00 0.4 89.7 — — — — —   163 cobs, ground 1-28-234 90.0 — 2.8 0.7 — — 1.5 — 80.0 32.0 25.0 48.0 6.0   164   100.0 4.16 3.2 0.7 — — 1.7 — 89.0 35.0 28.0 54.0 7.0   165 distillers’ grain 5-02-842 94.0 — 24.8 7.9 4.46 — — — 40.4 17.5 — 22.9 — NRC, 1998 166   100.0 — 26.4 8.4 4.74 — — — 43.0 18.6 — 24.4 —   167 distillers’ grain with solubles 5-02-843 93.0 — 27.7 8.4 2.15 — — — 34.6 16.3 — 18.3 — NRC, 1998 168   100.0 — 29.8 9.0 2.31 — — — 37.2 17.5 — 19.7 —   169 distillers’ solubles 5-02-844 92.0 — 26.7 9.1 5.36 — — — 24.8 7.5 — 17.3 — NRC, 1998 170   100.0 — 29.0 9.9 5.83 — — — 27.0 8.2 — 18.8 —   171 flour, whole grain — 89.1 — 6.9 3.9 1.71 0.05 1.5 13.4 — — — — — USDASR14 172   100.0 4.43 7.8 4.3 1.92 0.06 1.6 15.0 — — — — —   173 gluten feed 5-02-903 90.0 — 21.5 3.0 1.43 — — — 33.3 10.7 — 22.6 — NRC, 1998 174   100.0 — 23.9 3.3 1.59 — — — 37.0 11.9 — 25.1 —   175 gluten meal, 60% CP 5-28-242 90.0 — 60.2 2.9 1.17 — — — 8.7 4.6 — 4.1 — NRC, 1998 176   100.0 — 66.9 3.2 1.30 — — — 9.7 5.1 — 4.6 —   177 grain 4-02-935 89.0 — 8.3 3.9 1.92 — — — 9.6 2.8 — 6.8 — NRC, 1998 178   100.0 — 9.3 4.4 2.16 — — — 10.8 3.1 — 7.6 —   179 grits by-product (Hominy Feed) 4-03-011 90.0 — 10.3 6.7 2.97 — — — 28.5 8.1 — 20.4 — NRC, 1998 180   100.0 — 11.4 7.4 3.30 — — — 31.7 9.0 — 22.7 —   181 oil 4-07-882 100.0 9.30 0.0 100.0 59.00 0.70 0.0 — 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 NRC, 1998 182   100.0 9.30 0.0 100.0 59.00 0.70 0.0 — 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0   183 starch 4-02-889 91.7 — 0.3 0.1 0.03 — 0.1 0.9 — — — — — USDASR14 184   100.0 4.15 0.3 0.1 0.03 — 0.1 1.0 — — — — —   185 syrup, light — 77.2 — 0.0 0.0 0.00 — 0.4 0.0 — — — — — USDASR14 186   100.0 4.12 0.0 0.0 0.00 — 0.5 0.0 — — — — —     Corn, sweet Zea mays saccharata 187 cobs, fresh — 31.7 — 1.4 — — — 0.4 — 24.6 12.6 — 12.0 — Schmidt et al., 1999 188   100.0 — 4.5 — — — 1.3 — 77.5 39.6 — 37.8 —   189 ear, whole, with husk, fresh — 20.8 — 2.3 — — — 0.6 — 9.2 4.0 — 5.2 — Schmidt et al., 1999 190   100.0 — 10.9 — — — 3.0 — 44.2 19.0 — 25.2 —   191 husk, fresh — 26.1 — 2.9 — — — 0.9 — 16.6 7.7 — 8.9 — Schmidt et al., 1999 192   100.0 — 11.1 — — — 3.5 — 63.7 29.6 — 34.1 —   193 white, raw, ep — 24.0 — 3.2 1.2 0.54 0.02 0.6 2.7 1.6 — — — — USDASR14 194   100.0 4.50 13.4 4.9 2.25 0.07 2.6 11.2 6.7 — — — —   195 yellow, raw, ep — 24.0 — 3.2 1.2 0.54 0.02 0.6 2.7 1.6 — — — — USDASR14 196   100.0 4.51 13.4 4.9 2.25 0.07 2.6 11.2 6.7 — — — —     Corn borer, European Ostrinia nubilalis 197 larvae — 27.3 1.55 16.5 4.7 — — 0.8 — — 3.6 — — — Allen, 1989 198   100.0 5.69 60.4 17.2 — — 2.9 — — 13.1 — — —   199 pupae — 28.0 1.57 18.0 4.8 — — 0.7 — — 4.3 — — — Allen, 1989 200   100.0 5.60 64.2 17.0 — — 2.6 — — 15.4 — — —     Cottonseed Gossypium spp 201 meal, mech. extr., 41% CP 5-01-617 92.0 — 42.4 6.1 3.15 — — — 25.7 18.0 — 7.7 — NRC, 1998 202   100.0 — 46.1 6.6 3.42 — — — 27.9 19.6 — 8.4 —   203 meal, sol. extr. 41% CP 5-07-872 90.0 — 41.4 1.5 0.51 — — — 28.4 19.4 — 9.0 — NRC, 1998 204   100.0 — 46.0 1.7 0.57 — — — 31.6 21.6 — 10.0 —     Crayfish, Mexico Cambrus sp., Aegiale hesperiaris 205 adult — 33.5 — 17.2 1.3 — — 12.4 — — — — — — Massieu et al., 1951 206   100.0 3.51 51.3 4.0 — — 36.9 — — — — — —     Cricket, house Acheta domesticus 207 adult — 29.6 1.60 19.6 5.7 — — 1.4 — 6.8 2.9 — — — Allen, 1989; Finke, 2002 208   100.0 5.34 66.2 20.1 — — 4.9 — 22.1 9.7 — — —   209 juvenile — 22.9 — 15.4 3.3 — — 1.1 — 3.6 2.2 — — — Finke, 2002 210   100.0 — 67.2 14.4 — — 4.8 — 15.7 9.6 — — —  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003   Plant Cell Wall Constituents   Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Gross Energyc (kcal/g) Crude Protein (%) Crude Fat (%) Lino-leic Acid (%) Lino-lenic Acid (%) Ash (%) TDF (%) NDF (%) ADF (%) Cellulose (%) Hemi-cellulose (%) Lignin (%) Data Source   Cricket, mormon Anabrus simplex 211 adult, both sexes — 29.7 — 17.2 4.5 — — 2.1 — — — — — — DeFoliart et al., 1982 212   100.0 5.55 58.0 15.1 — — 7.1 — — — — — —     Cucumber Cucumis sativus 213 raw, with peel — 4.0 — 0.7 0.1 0.02 0.03 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.6 — 0.1 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 214   100.0 4.13 17.3 3.3 0.55 0.75 10.3 20.1 18.6 15.5 — 3.2 —     Custard apple Annona spp 215 fruit, raw — 28.5 — 1.7 0.6 — — 1.0 2.4 — — — — — USDASR14 216   100.0 4.20 6.0 2.1 — — 3.5 8.4 — — — — —     Dandelion Taraxacum officinale 217 greens, raw 2-01-748 14.4 0.45 2.7 0.7 0.26 0.04 1.8 3.5 — — — — — USDASR14 218   100.0 3.13 18.8 4.9 1.81 0.31 12.5 24.3 — — — — —     Dock Rumex spp. 219 greens, raw — 7.0 — 2.0 0.7 — — 1.1 2.9 — — — — — USDASR14 220   100.0 4.44 28.6 10.0 — — 15.7 41.4 — — — — —     Egg (Chicken) 221 dehy, whole — 96.9 — 47.4 41.0 4.61 0.11 3.7 0.0 — — — — — USDASR14 222   100.0 7.08 48.9 42.3 4.76 0.11 3.8 0.0 — — — — —     Eggplant Solanum melongena 223 fruit, raw — 8.0 — 1.0 0.2 0.06 0.01 0.7 2.5 1.8 0.9 — 0.9 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 224   100.0 4.07 12.8 2.3 0.79 0.16 8.9 31.4 22.0 11.0 — 11.0 —     Fababean (Broadbean) Phaseolus spp 225 seeds 5-09-262 87.0 — 25.4 1.4 0.62 — — — 13.7 9.7 — 4.0 — NRC, 1998 226   100.0 — 29.2 1.6 0.71 — — — 15.7 11.1 — 4.6 —     Fat 227 animal, hydrolyzed 4-00-376 100.0 9.50 0.0 100.0 3.10 0.60 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 USDASR11 228   100.0 9.50 0.0 100.0 3.10 0.60 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0   229 animal, poultry 4-00-409 99.8 9.50 0.0 99.8 19.50 1.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 USDASR14 230   100.0 9.52 0.0 100.0 19.54 1.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0   231 animal, swine (lard) 4-04-790 100.0 9.50 0.0 100.0 10.20 1.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 USDASR14 232   100.0 9.50 0.0 100.0 10.20 1.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0     Feather 233 meal, hydrolyzed 5-03-795 93.0 — 84.5 4.6 0.83 — — — — — — — — NRC, 1981 234   100.0 — 90.9 4.9 0.89 — — — — — — — —     Feijoa Feijoa sellowiana 235 fruit, raw — 13.4 — 1.2 0.8 — — 0.7 0.0 — — — — — USDASR14 236   100.0 4.37 9.3 5.8 — — 5.5 0.0 — — — — —     Ficus nitida 237 leaves, mature, fresh — 35.3 — 3.1 — — — — — — 13.1 — — — Janeke, 1995 238   100.0 — 8.8 — — — — — — 37.2 — — —     Ficus rumphii 239 leaves, mature, fresh — 29.6 — 4.3 — — — — — — 7.9 — — — Janeke, 1995 240   100.0 — 14.4 — — — — — — 26.6 — — —     Ficus thonningii 241 leaves, mature, fresh — 27.7 — 4.2 — — — — — — 9.4 — — — Janeke, 1995 242   100.0 — 15.1 — — — — — — 33.9 — — —     Fig Ficus carica 243 fruit, raw — 20.9 — 0.8 0.3 0.14 — 0.7 3.3 — — — — — USDASR14 244   100.0 4.14 3.6 1.4 0.69 — 3.2 15.8 — — — — —   245 fruit, dried — 64.9 — 2.7 — — — 1.7 — 6.5 5.2 — 1.3 — Schmidt et al., 1999 246   100.0 — 4.2 — — — 2.6 — 10.0 8.0 — 2.0 —   247 leaves, mature, fresh — 23.5 — 3.7 — — — — — — 4.0 — — — Janeke, 1995 248   100.0 — 15.8 — — — — — — 16.9 — — —  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003   Fig, cluster Ficus glomerata 249 leaves, fresh 2-27-209 30.0 — 3.4 — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1981 250   100.0 — 11.2 — — — — — — — — — —   251 leaves, mature, fresh — 32.8 — 3.7 — — — — — — 9.3 — — — Janeke,1995 252   100.0 — 11.4 — — — — — — 28.3 — — —     Fig, Indian laurel Ficus retusa 253 leaves, mature, fresh — 38.0 — 3.2 — — — — — — 13.7 — — — Janeke, 1995 254   100.0 — 8.5 — — — — — — 36.1 — — —     Fig, Moreton bay Ficus macrophylla 255 leaves, mature, fresh — 37.0 — 3.2 — — — — — — 10.1 — — — Janeke, 1995 256   100.0 — 8.6 — — — — — — 27.3 — — —     Fig, Roxburgh Ficus roxburghii 257 leaves, fresh 2-30-177 33.0 — 4.5 — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1981 258   100.0 — 13.4 — — — — — — — — — —     Fig, rustyleaf Ficus rubiginosa 259 leaves, mature, fresh — 30.6 — 3.1 — — — — — — 9.3 — — — Janeke, 1995 260   100.0 — 10.1 — — — — — — 30.3 — — —     Fig, spotted Ficus virens 261 leaves, fresh 2-28-704 15.0 — 1.7 — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1981 262   100.0 — 11.2 — — — — — — — — — —     Fish 263 solubles, condensed 5-01-969 51.0 — 32.7 6.5 0.20 — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 264   100.0 — 64.1 12.7 0.39 — — — — — — — —   265 solubles, dried 5-01-971 92.0 — 64.2 7.4 0.12 — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 266   100.0 — 69.8 8.0 0.13 — — — — — — — —     Fish, anchovy Engraulis ringen 267 meal, mech. extr. 5-01-985 92.0 — 64.6 7.9 0.27 — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 268   100.0 — 70.2 8.6 0.29 — — — — — — — —     Fish, herring Clupea harengus 269 meal, mech. extr. 5-02-000 93.0 — 68.1 9.2 0.15 — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 270   100.0 — 73.2 9.9 0.16 — — — — — — — —     Fish, menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus 271 meal, mech. extr. 5-02-009 92.0 — 62.3 9.4 0.11 — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 272   100.0 — 67.7 10.2 0.12 — — — — — — — —     Fish, white Gadidae (family); Lophiidae (family) 273 meal, mech. extr. 5-02-025 91.0 — 63.3 4.8 0.08 — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 274   100.0 — 69.6 5.3 0.09 — — — — — — — —     Flax Linum usitatissinum 275 meal, sol. extr. 5-02-048 90.0 — 33.6 1.7 0.37 — — — 23.9 15.0 — 8.9 — NRC, 1998 276   100.0 — 37.3 1.9 0.41 — — — 26.6 16.7 — 9.9 —     Fructose 277   — 99.5 3.96 0.0 0.0 0.00 — — — — — — — — IOM, 1996 278   100.0 3.98 0.0 0.0 0.00 — — — — — — — —     Gelatin 279   5-14-503 90.0 — 88.6 0.5 — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 280   100.0 — 98.4 0.6 — — — — — — — — —     Glucose 281 monohydrate 4-02-125 90.0 3.75 0.3 — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 282   100.0 4.17 0.3 — — — — — — — — — —     Granadilla, purple Passiflora edulis 283 fruit, raw, ep — 27.1 — 2.2 0.7 0.41 0.00 0.8 10.4 — — — — — USDASR14 284   100.0 4.28 8.1 2.6 1.51 0.00 3.0 38.4 — — — — —     Grape, European type Vitis spp 285 fruit, raw, ep — 19.4 — 0.7 0.6 0.13 0.04 0.4 1.0 1.7 — — — — USDASR14 286   100.0 4.26 3.4 3.0 0.67 0.20 2.3 5.1 8.5 — — — —     Grapefruit Citrus paradisi 287 fruit, raw, ep — 9.1 — 0.6 0.1 0.02 0.01 0.3 1.1 — — — — — USDASR14 288   100.0 4.16 6.9 1.1 0.21 0.05 3.4 12.1 — — — — —   289 peel — 29.1 — 1.5 — — — 1.3 — 5.0 4.6 — 0.2 — Schmidt et al., 1999 290   100.0 — 5.0 — — — 4.4 — 17.2 15.7 — 1.4 —  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003   Plant Cell Wall Constituents   Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Gross Energyc (kcal/g) Crude Protein (%) Crude Fat (%) Lino-leic Acid (%) Lino-lenic Acid (%) Ash (%) TDF (%) NDF (%) ADF (%) Cellulose (%) Hemi-cellulose (%) Lignin (%) Data Source   Grasshopper Melanoplus femurrubrum 291 adult — 30.5 1.60 24.2 1.9 — — 1.5 — — — — — — Bird et al., 1982 292   100.0 5.25 79.2 6.3 — — 5.0 — — — — — —     Guava, common or lemon Psidium guajava 293 fruit, raw, ep — 13.9 — 0.8 0.6 0.18 0.07 0.6 5.4 — — — — — USDASR14 294   100.0 4.28 5.9 4.3 1.31 0.51 4.3 38.8 — — — — —     Guava, strawberry Psidium cattleianum 295 fruit, raw, ep — 19.3 — 0.6 0.6 0.18 0.07 0.8 5.4 — — — — — USDASR14 296   100.0 4.18 3.0 3.1 0.94 0.37 4.1 27.9 — — — — —     Hemicellulose extract 297   4-08-030 76.0 — 0.6 0.3 — — 3.1 — — — — — — NRC, 1982 298   100.0 4.00 0.7 0.4 — — 4.1 — — — — — —     Hibiscus, tropical Hibiscus rosa-sinensis 299 leaves, mature, fresh — 21.9 — 3.3 — — — — — — 2.5 — — — Janeke, 1995 300   100.0 — 15.1 — — — — — — 11.3 — — —     Honeysuckle Lonicera albiflora 301 leaves, fresh 2-29-875 33.0 — 3.3 — — — — — 6.0 — — — — NRC, 1981 302   100.0 — 10.0 — — — — — 20.0 — — — —     Jack fruit Artocarpus heterophyllus 303 fruit, raw, ep — 26.8 — 1.5 0.3 0.06 0.02 1.0 1.6 — — — — — USDASR14 304   100.0 4.12 5.5 1.1 0.24 0.09 3.7 6.0 — — — — —     Jujube Zizyphus jujuba 305 browse, fresh 2-30-091 32.0 — 2.7 — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1981 306   100.0 — 8.6 — — — — — — — — — —   307 fruit, raw, ep — 22.1 — 1.2 0.2 — — 0.5 0.0 — — — — — USDASR14 308   100.0 4.17 5.4 0.9 — — 2.3 0.0 — — — — —     Kale Brassica oleracea var. acephala 309 leaves and stems, fresh — 15.5 — 3.3 0.7 0.14 0.18 1.5 2.0 2.8 2.0 — 0.8 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 310   100.0 4.28 21.2 4.5 0.89 1.16 9.8 12.9 18.2 13.3 — 5.1 —     Kiwifruit Actinidia chinensis 311 raw — 17.0 — 1.0 0.4 0.21 0.04 0.6 — 2.7 2.1 — 0.6 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 312   100.0 4.21 5.8 2.6 1.22 0.21 3.8 — 16.2 12.6 — 3.5 —     Kohlrabi Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes 313 tubers, fresh — 9.0 — 1.7 0.1 0.02 0.03 1.0 3.6 1.1 — — — — USDASR14 314   100.0 4.00 18.9 1.1 0.22 0.29 11.1 40.0 12.2 — — — —     Kudzu Pueraria lobata 315 aerial part, fresh 2-02-482 26.4 — 4.6 0.7 — — 2.0 — — — — — — NRC, 1971 316   100.0 4.22 17.6 2.7 — — 7.6 — — — — — —     Kumquat Fortunella spp 317 fruit, raw, ep — 18.3 — 0.9 0.1 0.02 0.01 0.9 6.6 — — — — — USDASR14 318   100.0 4.04 4.9 0.6 0.10 0.03 4.8 36.1 — — — — —     Lactose 319   07-881 96.0 — 0.3 — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 320   100.0 — 0.3 — — — — — — — — — —     Lentil Len culinaris 321 seeds 5-02-506 89.0 — 24.4 1.3 0.41 — — — 10.1 5.4 — 4.7 — NRC, 1998 322   100.0 — 27.4 1.5 0.46 — — — 11.3 6.1 — 5.3 —     Lettuce, endive Cichorium endiva 323 leaves, fresh — 6.2 — 1.3 0.2 0.08 0.01 1.4 3.1 — — — — — USDASR14 324   100.0 3.64 20.9 3.2 1.21 0.21 22.7 49.9 — — — — —  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003   Lettuce, iceberg Lactuca sativa 325 leaves, fresh — 4.1 — 1.0 0.2 0.03 0.07 0.5 1.4 0.7 0.5 — 0.2 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 326   100.0 4.26 24.6 4.6 0.71 1.73 11.7 34.1 16.9 13.1 — 3.9 —     Lettuce, romaine 327 leaves, fresh — 5.1 — 1.6 0.2 0.04 0.08 0.9 1.7 1.1 1.0 — 0.2 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 328   100.0 4.06 31.8 3.9 0.61 1.07 17.7 33.4 16.3 14.1 — 2.2 —     Longan Nephelium longana 329 fruit, raw, ep — 17.3 — 1.3 0.1 — — 0.7 1.1 — — — — — USDASR14 330   100.0 4.11 7.6 0.6 — — 4.1 6.4 — — — — —     Loquat Eriobotrya japonica 331 fruit, raw, ep — 13.3 — 0.4 0.2 0.08 0.01 0.5 1.7 — — — — — USDASR14 332   100.0 4.11 3.2 1.5 0.58 0.10 3.8 12.8 — — — — —     Lupin (sweet white) Lupinus albus 333 seeds 5-27-717 89.0 — 34.9 9.2 1.62 — — — 20.3 16.7 — 3.6 — NRC, 1998 334   100.0 — 39.2 10.3 1.82 — — — 22.8 18.8 — 4.0 —     Lychee Litchi chinensis 335 fruit, raw, ep — 18.2 — 0.8 0.4 0.07 0.07 0.4 1.3 — — — — — USDASR14 336   100.0 4.24 4.6 2.4 0.37 0.36 2.4 7.1 — — — — —     Mango Mangifera indica 337 fruit, raw, ep — 18.3 — 0.5 0.3 0.01 0.04 0.5 1.8 2.1 1.1 — 1.0 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 338   100.0 4.15 2.8 1.5 0.08 0.20 2.7 9.8 11.5 6.3 — 5.3 —     Maple, sugar Acer saccharum 339 leaves — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Robbins and Moen, 1975 340   100.0 — — — — — — — 58.9 43.9 23.9 15.0 18.6     Mealworm Tenebrio molitor 341 larvae — 37.1 2.78 18.1 14.3 — — 1.3 — 5.7 2.5 — — — Allen, 1989; Finke, 2002 342   100.0 7.49 48.7 38.4 — — 3.5 — 15.4 6.7 — — —   343 larvae, gut loaded with high (8%) Ca diet — — — — — — — — — — — — — —   344   — — — — — — — — — — —   345 oversized — 39.0 — 18.4 16.8 — — 1.2 — 2.9 2.5 — — — Finke, 2002 346   100.0 — 47.2 43.1 — — 3.1 — 7.4 6.4 — — —     Mealworm Zophobas morio 347 larvae — 42.1 — 19.7 17.7 — — 1.0 — 3.9 2.7 — — — Finke, 2002 348   100.0 — 46.8 42.0 — — 2.4 — 9.3 6.4 — — —     Meat 349 meal rendered 5-00-385 94.0 — 54.0 12.0 0.80 — — — 31.6 8.3 — — — NRC, 1998 350   100.0 — 57.4 12.8 0.85 — — — 33.6 8.8 — — —   351 meal rendered with bone 5-00-388 93.0 — 51.5 10.9 0.72 — — — 32.5 5.6 — — — NRC, 1998 352   100.0 — 55.4 11.7 0.77 — — — 34.9 6.0 — — —     Melon, cantaloupe Cucumis melo 353 fruit, raw, ep — 10.2 — 0.9 0.3 0.05 0.06 0.7 0.8 1.6 1.5 — 0.1 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 354   100.0 4.12 8.6 2.7 0.46 0.62 7.0 7.8 15.9 14.5 — 1.3 —   355 fruit, raw, with peel — 7.5 — 1.0 — — — 0.6 — 1.6 1.5 — 0.1 — Schmidt et al., 1999 356   100.0 — 13.1 — — — 8.1 — 22.0 20.4 — 1.7 —     Melon, casaba Cucumis melo 357 fruit, raw, ep — 8.0 — 0.9 0.1 0.02 0.22 0.8 0.8 — — — — — USDASR14 358   100.0 3.94 11.3 1.3 0.21 0.28 10.0 10.0 — — — — —     Melon, honeydew Cucumis melo 359 fruit, raw, ep — 10.3 — 0.5 0.1 0.02 0.02 0.6 0.6 1.8 1.5 — 0.3 — USDASR14; Schmidt et al., 1999 360   100.0 4.20 4.5 4.5 0.16 0.21 5.8 5.8 17.4 14.1 — 3.4 —   361 fruit, raw, with peel — 8.1 — 0.7 — — — 0.5 — 1.2 1.0 — 0.2 — Schmidt et al., 1999 362   100.0 — 8.9 — — — 6.5 — 15.0 12.5 — 2.5 —     Milk, cattle Bos taurus 363 dehy 5-01-167 96.0 — 25.4 26.6 — — 5.4 — — — — — — NRC, 1982 364   100.0 5.85 26.5 27.8 — — 5.7 — — — — — —   365 fresh 5-01-168 12.0 — 3.3 3.6 — — 0.8 — — — — — — NRC, 1982 366   100.0 5.92 26.7 29.5 — — 6.3 — — — — — —  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003 Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Arginine (%) Histidine (%) Isoleucine (%) Leucine (%) Lysine (%) Methionine (%) Cystine (%) Phenylalanine (%) Taurine (%) Tyrosine (%) Threonine (%) Tryptophan (%) Valine (%) Data Source   Grasshopper Melanoplus femurrubrum 291 adult — 30.5 24.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Bird et al., 1982 292   100.0 79.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Guava, common or lemon Psidium guajava 293 fruit, raw, ep — 13.9 0.8 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.02 0.01 — 0.00 — 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.03 USDASR14 294   100.0 5.9 0.14 0.07 0.22 0.43 0.14 0.07 — 0.00 — 0.07 0.22 0.07 0.22     Guava, strawberry Psidium cattleianum 295 fruit, raw, ep — 19.3 0.6 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 USDASR14 296   100.0 3.0 0.10 0.05 0.10 0.21 0.10 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.05 0.10 0.05 0.10     Hemicellulose extract 297   4-08-030 76.0 0.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 298   100.0 0.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Hibiscus, tropical Hibiscus rosa- sinensis 299 leaves, mature, fresh — 21.9 3.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Janeke, 1995 300   100.0 15.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Honeysuckle Lonicera albi .ora 301 leaves, fresh 2-29-875 33.0 3.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1981 302   100.0 10.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Jack fruit Artocarpus heterophyllus 303 fruit, raw, ep — 26.8 1.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14 304   100.0 5.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Jujube Zizyphus jujuba 305 browse, fresh 2-30-091 32.0 2.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1981 306   100.0 8.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   307 fruit, raw, ep — 22.1 1.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14 308   100.0 5.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Kale Brassica oleracea var. acephala 309 leaves and stems, fresh — 15.5 3.3 0.18 0.07 0.20 0.23 0.20 0.03 0.04 0.17 — 0.12 0.15 0.04 0.18 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 310   100.0 21.2 1.16 0.45 1.29 1.48 1.29 0.19 0.26 1.09 — 0.77 0.97 0.26 1.16     Kiwifruit Actinidia chinensis 311 raw — 17.0 1.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 312   100.0 5.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Kohlrabi Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes 313 tubers, fresh — 9.0 1.7 0.11 0.02 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.04 — — 0.05 0.01 0.05 USDASR14 314   100.0 18.9 1.22 0.22 0.89 0.78 0.67 0.11 0.11 0.44 — — 0.56 0.11 0. 56     Kudzu Pueraria lobata 315 aerial part, fresh 2-02-482 26.4 4. 6 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1971 316   100.0 17.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Kumquat Fortunella spp 317 fruit, raw, ep — 18.3 0.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14 318   100.0 4.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Lactose 319   4-07-881 96.0 0.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 320   100.0 0.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Lentil Len culinaris 321 seeds 5-02-506 89.0 24.4 2.05 0.78 1.00 1.84 1.71 0.18 0.27 1.29 — 0.70 0.84 0.21 1.27 NRC, 1998 322   100.0 27.4 2.30 0.88 1.12 2.07 1.92 0.20 0.30 1.45 — 0.79 0.94 0.24 1.43     Lettuce, endive Cichorium endiva 323 leaves, fresh — 6.2 1.3 0.06 0.02 0.07 0.10 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.05 — 0.04 0.05 0.01 0.06 USDASR14 324   100.0 20.1 0.97 0.32 1.13 1.61 0.97 0.16 0.16 0.81 — 0.64 0.81 0.16 0.97     Lettuce, iceberg Lactuca sativa 325 leaves, fresh — 4.1 1.0 0.06 0.02 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.05 — 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.06 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 326   100.0 24.6 1.46 0.49 1.95 1.70 1.95 0.24 0.24 1.22 — 0.73 1.22 0.24 1.46     Lettuce, omaine 327 leaves, fresh — 7.0 2.2 0.09 0.03 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.02 0.02 0.07 — 0.04 0.07 0.01 0.09 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 328   100.0 31.8 1.73 0.55 2.08 1.94 2.08 0.40 0.38 1.35 — 0.79 1.47 0.24 1.72     Longan Nephelium longana 329 fruit, raw, ep — 17.3 1.3 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.01 — 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.06 USDASR14 330   100.0 7.6 0.23 0.06 0.17 0.29 0.29 0.06 — 0.17 — 0.17 0.17 — 0.35  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003   Loquat Eriobotrya japonica 331 fruit, raw, ep — 13.3 0.4 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 USDASR14 332   100.0 3.2 0.08 0.08 0.15 0.23 0.15 0.00 0.08 0.08 — 0.08 0.15 0.08 0.15     Lupin ( sweet white) Lupinus albus 333 seeds 5-27-717 89.0 34.9 3.38 0.77 1.40 2.43 1.54 0.27 0.51 1.22   1.35 1.20 0.26 1.29 NRC, 1998 334   100.0 39.2 3.80 0.87 1.57 2.73 1.73 0.30 0.57 1.37   1.52 1.35 0.29 1.45     Lychee Litchi chinnsis 335 fruit, raw, ep — 18.2 0.8 — — — — 0.04 0.01 — — — — — 0.01 — USDASR14 336   100.0 4.6 — — — — 0.22 0.05 — — — — — 0.05 —     Mango Mangifera indica 337 fruit, raw, ep — 18.3 0.5 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.01 — 0.02 — 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.03 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 338   100.0 2.8 0.11 0.05 0.11 0.16 0.22 0.05 — 0.11 — 0.05 0.11 0.05 0.16     Maple, sugar Acer saccharum 339 leaves — — —   Robbins and Moen, 1975 340   100.0 —     Mealworm Tenebrio molitor 341 larvae — 38.1 18.7 0.97 0.59 0.94 1.99 1.02 0.24 0.16 0.66 0.01 1.37 0.77 0.15 1.10 Finke, 2002 342   100.0 49.1 2.55 1.55 2.47 5.22 2.68 0.63 0.42 1.73 0.02 3.60 2.02 0.39 2.89   343 larvae, gut loaded with high (8%) Ca diet — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —   344   — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —   345 oversized — 39.0 18.4 1.03 0.65 0.86 1.43 1.12 0.26 0.15 0.75 0.01 1.43 0.64 0.17 1.22 Finke, 2002 346   100.0 47.2 2.64 1.67 2.21 3.67 2.87 0.67 0.38 1.92 0.01 3.67 1.64 0.44 3.13     Mealworm Zophobas morio 347 larvae — 42.1 19.7 0.96 0.60 0.93 1.91 1.03 0.21 0.15 0.68 <0.01 1.37 0.78 0.18 1.03 Finke, 2002 348   100.0 46.8 2.28 1.43 2.21 4.54 2.45 0.50 0.36 1.62 — 3.25 1.85 0.43 2.45     Meat 349 meal rendered 5-00-385 94.0 54.0 3.60 1.14 1.60 3.84 3.07 0.80 0.60 2.17 — 1.40 1.97 0.35 2.66 NRC, 1998 350   100.0 57.4 3.83 1.21 1.70 4.09 3.27 0.85 0.64 2.31 — 1.49 2.10 0.37 2.83   351 meal rendered with bone 5-00-388 93.0 51.5 3.45 0.91 1.34 2.98 2.51 0.68 0.50 1.62 — 1.07 1.59 0.28 2.04 NRC, 1998 352   100.0 55.4 3.71 0.98 1.44 3.20 2.70 0.73 0.54 1.74 — 1.15 1.71 0.30 2.19     Melon, cantaloupe Cucumis melo 353 fruit, raw, ep — 10.2 0.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 354   100.0 8.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   355 fruit, raw, with peel — 7.5 1.0   Schmidt et al. , 1999 356   100.0 13.1     Melon, casaba Cucumis melo 357 fruit, raw, ep — 8.0 0.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14 358   100.0 11.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Melon, honeydew Cucumis melo 359 fruit, raw, ep — 10.3 0.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 360   100.0 4.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   361 fruit, raw, with peel — 8.1 0.7   Schmidt et al. , 1999 362   100.0 8.9     Milk, cattle Bos taurus 363 dehy 5-01-167 96.0 25.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 364   100.0 26.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   365 fresh 5-01-168 12.0 3.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 366   100.0 26.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   367 skimmed, dehy 5-01-175 94.0 33.7 1.24 1.05 1.87 3.67 2.86 0.92 0.30 1.78   1.87 1.62 0.51 2.33 NRC, 1998 368   100.0 35.9 1.32 1.12 1.99 3.90 3.04 0.98 0.32 1.89   1.99 1.72 0.54 2.48   369 skimmed, fresh 5-01-170 10.0 3.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 370   100.0 31.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Milk, human Homo sapiens 371 fresh — 12.5 1.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Jensen, 1995 372   100.0 8.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Milk, baboon Papio 373 fresh, days 0-5 — 14.6 2.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Hummer, 1970 374   100.0 15.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   375 fresh, days 6-11 — 15.3 1.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Hummer, 1970 376   100.0 11.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   377 fresh, days 12-35 — 14.0 1.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Hummer, 1970 378   100.0 10.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   379 fresh, days 36-279 — 14.4 1.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Hummer, 1970 380   100.0 11.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Millet Panicum miliaceum 381 grain 4-03-120 90.0 11.1 0.41 0.20 0.46 1.24 0.23 0.31 0.18 0.56 — 0.31 0.40 0.16 0.57 NRC, 1998 382   100.0 12.3 0.46 0.22 0.51 1.38 0.26 0.34 0.20 0.62 — 0.34 0.44 0.18 0.63  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003 Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Arginine (%) Histidine (%) Isoleucine (%) Leucine (%) Lysine (%) Methionine (%) Cystine (%) Phenylalanine (%) Taurine (%) Tyrosine (%) Threonine (%) Tryptophan (%) Valine (%) Data Source   Mirror plant Coprosma repens 383 leaves, mature, fresh — 17.5 2.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Janeke, 1995 384   100.0 12.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Molasses and syrup 385 beet, sugar, molasses 4-00-668 78.0 6.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 386   100.0 8.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   387 citrus, syrup 4-01-241 68.0 5.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 388   100.0 8.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   389 sugarcane, molasses, dehy 4-04-695 94.0 9.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 390   100.0 10.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   391 sugarcane, molasses, more than 46% 4-04-696 75.0 4.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 392   100.0 5.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Mulberry Morus spp. 393 browse, fresh 2-03-150 40.0 7.3 — — — — — — — —   — — — — NRC, 1981 394   100.0 18.1 — — — — — — — —   — — — —   395 fruit, raw, ep — 12.3 1.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14 396   100.0 11.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Mulberry, white Morus alba 397 leaves, mature, fresh — 31.1 6.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Janeke, 1995 398   100.0 20.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Mustard Brassica oleracea var. 399 leaves and stems, fresh — 9.2 2.7 0.20 0.05 0.10 0.08 0.12 0.03 0.04 0.07 — 0.14 0.07 0.03 0.11 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 400   100.0 29.3 2.17 0.54 1.09 0.87 1.30 0.33 0.43 0.76 — 1.52 0.76 0.33 1.20     Nectarine Prunus persica 401 fruit, raw, ep — 13.7 0.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 402   100.0 6.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Oat Avena sativa 403 grain 4-03-309 89.0 11.5 0.87 0.31 0.48 0.92 0.40 0.22 0.36 0.65 — 0.41 0.44 0.14 0.66 NRC, 1998 404   100.0 12.9 0.98 0.35 0.54 1.03 0.45 0.25 0.40 0.73 — 0.46 0.49 0.16 0.74   405 grain, naked 4-25-101 86.0 17.1 0.77 0.26 0.48 0.86 0.47 0.19 0.32 0.60 — 0.42 0.40 0.16 0.63 NRC, 1998 406   100.0 19.9 0.90 0.30 0.56 1.00 0.55 0.22 0.37 0.70 — 0.49 0.47 0.19 0.73   407 groat 4-03-331 90.0 13.9 0.85 0.24 0.55 0.98 0.48 0.20 0.22 0.66 — 0.51 0.44 0.18 0.72 NRC, 1998 408   100.0 15.4 0.94 0.27 0.61 1.09 0.53 0.22 0.24 0.73 — 0.57 0.49 0.20 0.80   409 hulls 1-03-281 92.0 3.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 410   100.0 3.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Olive Olea europaea 411 oil — 100.0 0.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 412   100.0 0.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Okra Hibiscus esculentus 413   — 12.6 2.2 0.08 0.03 0.07 0.11 0.08 0.02 0.02 0.07 — 0.09 0.07 0.02 0.09 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 414   100.0 17.4 0.63 0.24 0.56 0.87 0.63 0.16 0.16 0.56 — 0.71 0.56 0.16 0.71     Onion Allium cepa 415 green — 9.1 1.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Schmidt et al. , 1999 416   100.0 20.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   417 red — 9.1 1.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Schmidt et al. , 1999 418   100.0 15.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   419 yellow — 10.3 0.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Schmidt et al. , 1999 420   100.0 9.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Orange Citrus spp 421 fruit, raw, ep — 13.3 0.9 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.03 — 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.04 USDASR14 422   100.0 7.1 0.53 0.15 0.00 0.15 0.38 0.15 0.08 0.38 — 0.15 0.15 0.08 0.30   423 fruit, raw, with peel — 17.7 1.3 0.09 0.02 0.04 0.03 07.03 0.01 0.04 0.04 — 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.06 USDASR14; Bath et al. , 1999 424   100.0 7.3   —   425 peel — 27.5 1.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 426   100.0 5.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Papaya Carica papaya 427 fruit, raw, ep — 11.2 0.6 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.00 — 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 428   100.0 5.5 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.18 0.27 0.00 — 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.00     Parsley 429 leaves and stems, fresh — 12.0 2.9 0.12 0.06 0.12 0.20 0.18 0.04 0.01 0.15 — 0.08 0.12 0.05 0.17 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 430   100.0 24.0 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.66 1.50 0.33 0.08 1.25 — 0.67 1.00 0.42 1.41  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003   Parsnip Pastinaca sativa 431 roots, fresh — 20.5 1.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14 432   100.0 5.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Pea Pisum spp 433 seeds 5-03-600 89.0 22.8 1.87 0.54 0.86 1.51 0.15 0.21 0.31 0.98 — 0.71 0.78 0.19 0.98 NRC, 1998 434   100.0 25.6 2.10 0.61 0.97 1.70 0.17 0.24 0.35 1.10 — 0.80 0.88 0.21 1.10     Peach Prunus persica 435 fruit, raw, ep — 12.3 0.7 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 — 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.04 USDASR14 436   100.0 5.7 0.16 0.08 0.16 0.32 0.16 0.16 0.08 0.16 — 0.16 0.24 0.00 0.32     Pear Pyrus communis 437 fruit, raw, ep — 16.2 0.4 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 — 0.00 0.01 — 0.01 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 438   100.0 2.4 0.06 0.00 0.06 0.12 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.06 — 0.00 0.06 — 0.06     Peanut ( Groundnut) Arachis hypogaea 439 butter — 98.8 25.2 3.02 0.64 0.88 1.64 0.91 0.31 0.32 1.31 — 1.09 0.86 0.25 1.06 USDASR14 440   100.0 25.5 3.06 0.65 0.89 1.66 0.92 0.31 0.32 1.33 — 1.10 0.87 0.25 1.07   441 hulls 1-08-028 91.0 7.1   NRC, 1982 442   100.0 7.8   443 kernels, meal mech extr 5-03-649 92.0 43.2 4.79 1.01 1.41 2.77 1.48 0.50 0.60 2.02 — 1.74 1.16 0.41 1.70 NRC, 1998 444   100.0 47.0 5.21 1.10 1.53 3.01 1.61 0.54 0.65 2.20 — 1.89 1.26 0.45 1.85   445 kernels, meal solv extr 5-03-650 92.0 49.1 5.09 1.06 1.78 2.83 1.66 0.52 0.69 2.35 — 1.80 1.27 0.48 1.98 NRC, 1998 446   100.0 53.4 5.53 1.15 1.93 3.08 1.80 0.57 0.75 2.55 — 1.96 1.38 0.52 2.15     Peepultree Ficus religiosa 447 leaves, fresh 2-27-207 17.0 3.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1981 448   100.0 11.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Pepper, sweet, green Capsicum annuum 449 fruit, raw, ep — 5.3 0.9 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.03 — 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.04 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 450   100.0 17.7 0.76 0.38 0.57 0.95 0.76 0.19 0.38 0.57 — 0.38 0.57 0.19 0.76     Persimmon, American Diospyros virginiana 451 fruit, raw, ep — 35.6 0.8 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.02 0.04 — 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.04 USDASR14 452   100.0 2.2 0.08 0.06 0.11 0.17 0.14 0.03 0.06 0.11 — 0.06 0.11 0.03 0.11     Persimmon, Oriental ( Kaki) Diospyros kaki 453 fruit, raw, ep — 19.7 0.6 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.05 — 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.03 USDASR14 454   100.0 2.9 0.15 0.05 0.15 0.20 0.15 0.05 0.05 0.25 — 0.10 0.15 0.05 0.15     Pineapple Ananas comosus 455 fruit, raw, ep — 13.5 0.4 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 456   100.0 2.9 0.15 0.07 0.07 0.15 0.22 0.07 0.00 0.07 — 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.15     Plantain Musa sapientum 457 fruit, raw, ep — 34.7 1.3 0.11 0.06 0.04 0.60 0.06 0.02 0.02 0.04 — 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.05 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 458   100.0 3.7 0.32 0.17 0.12 1.73 0.17 0.06 0.06 0.12 — 0.09 0.09 0.06 0.14     Plum Prunus domestica 459 fruit, raw, ep — 14.8 0.8 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.02 — 0.01 0.02 — 0.02 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 460   100.0 5.3 0.07 0.07 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.07 0.00 0.14 — 0.07 0.14 —     Pomegranate Punica granatum 461 fruit, raw, ep — 19.0 1.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14 462   100.0 5.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Poplar, black Populus nigra 463 leaves, sun-cured 1-03-750 85.4 16.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1971 464   100.0 18.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Potato Solanum tuberosum 465 protein concentrate 5-25-392 91.0 73.8 3.80 1.71 4.09 7.61 5.83 1.68 1.20 4.89   4.27 4.30 1.02 4.89 NRC, 1998 466   100.0 81.1 4.18 1.88 4.49 8.36 6.41 1.85 1.32 5.37   4.69 4.73 1.12 5.37   467 tubers, fresh — 28.0 2.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR11; Schmidt et al. , 1999 468   100.0 9.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Poultry 469 by-product, meal rendered 5-03-798 93.0 64.1 3.94 1.25 2.01 3.89 3.32 1.11 0.65 2.26   1.56 2.18 0.48 2.51 NRC, 1998 470   100.0 68.9 4.24 1.34 2.16 4.18 3.57 1.19 0.70 2.43   1.68 2.34 0.52 2.70     Prune 471 with pits — 82.0 4.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Bath et al. , 1999 472   100.0 5.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   473 without pits — 80.0 3.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Bath et al., 1999 474   100.0 4.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Pummelo Citrus grandis 475 fruit, raw, ep — 10.9 0.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14 476   100.0 7.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Pumpkin Cucurbita pepo 477   — 20.0 1.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Schmidt et al. , 1999 478   100.0 7.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — —  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003 Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Arginine (%) Histidine (%) Isoleucine (%) Leucine (%) Lysine (%) Methionine (%) Cystine (%) Phenylalanine (%) Taurine (%) Tyrosine (%) Threonine (%) Tryptophan (%) Valine (%) Data Source   Quince Cydonia oblonga 479 fruit, raw, ep — 16.2 0.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14 480   100.0 2.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Radicchio Cichorium intybus var. foliosum 481 raw — 6.9 1.4 0.11 0.02 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.01 — 0.03 — — 0.04 0.03 0.07 USDASR14 482   100.0 20.8 1.60 0.29 1.31 0.87 0.87 0.15 — 0.44 — — 0.58 0.44 1.02     Radish Raphanus sativus 483 raw — 5.2 0.6 0.04 0.10 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.02 — 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.03 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 484   100.0 11.6 0.78 1.94 0.58 0.78 0.78 0.19 0.19 0.39 — 0.19 0.58 0.00 0.58     Raisin, golden seedless Vitis vinifera 485 fruit, raw, ep — 85.0 3.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14 486   100.0 4.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Raisin, seeded Vitis vinifera 487 fruit, raw, ep — 83.4 2.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14 488   100.0 3.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Raisin, seedless Vitis vinifera 489 fruit, raw, ep — 84.6 3.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14 490   100.0 3.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Raspberry Rubus idaeus 491 fruit, raw, ep — 13.4 0.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 492   100.0 6.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Rice Oryza sativa 493 bran 4-03-928 90.0 13.3 1.00 0.34 0.44 0.92 0.57 0.26 0.27 0.56   0.40 0.48 0.14 0.68 NRC, 1998 494   100.0 14.8 1.11 0.38 0.49 1.02 0.63 0.29 0.30 0.62   0.44 0.53 0.16 0.76   495 flour — 88.1 6.0 0.52 0.15 0.24 0.49 0.21 0.14 0.11 0.32 — 0.31 0.21 0.07 0.35 USDASR14 496   100.0 6.8 0.59 0.17 0.27 0.56 0.24 0.16 0.12 0.36 — 0.35 0.24 0.08 0.40   497 grain, polished and broken 4-03-932 89.0 7.9 0.52 0.18 0.34 0.67 0.30 0.18 0.11 0.39 — 0.38 0.26 0.10 0.49 NRC, 1998 498 (Brewer’s Rice)   100.0 8.9 0.58 0.20 0.38 0.75 0.34 0.20 0.12 0.44 — 0.43 0.29 0.11 0.55   499 hulls 1-08-075 92.0 3.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 500   100.0 3.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   501 polishings 4-03-943 90.0 13.0 0.82 0.28 0.43 0.82 0.58 0.23 0.22 0.49 — 0.44 0.44 0.13 0.75 NRC, 1998 502   100.0 14.4 0.91 0.31 0.48 0.91 0.64 0.26 0.24 0.54 — 0.49 0.49 0.14 0. 83     Rocket Eruca sativa 503 aerial part, fresh 2-03-949 15.8 1.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1971 504   100.0 11.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Rutabaga Brassica campestris var. rutabaga 505 raw — 10.3 1.2 0.15 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.03 — 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.05 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 506   100.0 11.6 1.46 0.29 0.49 0.39 0.34 0.10 0.10 0.29 — 0.20 0.49 0.10 0.49   507 tops, fresh — 10.9 2.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Bath et al. , 1999 508   100.0 18.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Rye Secale cereale 509 grain 4-04-047 88.0 11.8 0.50 0.24 0.37 0.64 0.38 0.17 0.19 0.50 — 0.26 0.32 0.12 0.51 NRC, 1998 510   100.0 13.4 0.57 0.27 0.42 0.73 0.43 0.19 0.22 0.57 — 0.30 0.36 0.14 0.58     Safflower Carthamus tinctorius 511 hulls — 91.3 3.3 2.04 0.59 0.67 1.52 0.74 0.34 0.38 1.07 — 0.77 0.65 0.33 1.18 Bath et al. , 1999 512   100.0 3.6 2.23 0.65 0.73 1.66 0.81 0.37 0.42 1.17 — 0.84 0.71 0.36 1.29   513 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-110 92.0 23.4 3.59 1.07 1.69 2.57 1.17 0.66 0.69 2.00 — 1.08 1.28 0.54 2.33 NRC, 1998 514   100.0 25.4 3.90 1.16 1.84 2.79 1.27 0.72 0.75 2.17 — 1.17 1.39 0.59 2.53   515 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-07-959 92.0 42.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 516   100.0 46.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   517 oil 4-20-526 100.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 518   100.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —   519 seeds — 94.0 16.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Bath et al. , 1999 520   100.0 17.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Sapote Achras sapotas 521 fruit, raw, ep — 22.0 0.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Schmidt et al. , 1999 522   100.0 2.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Sesame Sesamum indicum 523 meal, mech. extr. 5-04-220 93.0 42.6 4.86 0.98 1.47 2.74 1.01 1.15 0.82 1.77 — 1.52 1.44 0.54 1.85 NRC, 1998 524   100.0 45.8 5.23 1.05 1.58 2.95 1.09 1.24 0.88 1.90 — 1.63 1.55 0.58 1.99   525 seeds — 92.0 22.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Bath et al. , 1999 526   100.0 24.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — —  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003   Sorghum Sorghum bicolor 527 grain 4-20-893 89.0 9.2 0.38 0.23 0.37 1.21 0.22 0.17 0.17 0.49 — 0.35 0.31 0.10 0.46 NRC, 1998 528   100.0 10.3 0.43 0.26 0.42 1.36 0.25 0.19 0.19 0.55 — 0.39 0.35 0.11 0.52     Soybean Glycine max 529 flour, full-fat, raw — 94.8 34.5 2.68 0.93 1.68 2.81 2.30 0.47 0.56 1.80 — 1.31 1.50 0.50 1.72 USDASR14 530   100.0 36.4 2.83 0.98 1.77 2.96 2.43 0.50 0.54 1.90 — 1.38 1.58 0.53 1.81   531 hulls 1-4-560 91.0 11.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 532   100.0 12.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   533 meal, sol. extr. 5-04-604 89.0 43.8 3.23 1.17 1.99 3.42 2.83 0.61 0.70 2.18 — 1.69 1.73 0.61 2.06 NRC, 1998 534   100.0 49.2 3.63 1.31 2.24 3.84 3.18 0.69 0.79 2.45 — 1.90 1.94 0.69 2.31   535 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-04-612 90.0 47.5 3.48 1.28 2.16 3.66 3.02 0.67 0.74 2.39 — 1.82 1.85 0.65 2.27 NRC, 1998 536   100.0 52.8 3.87 1.42 2.40 4.07 3.36 0.74 0.82 2.66 — 2.02 2.06 0.72 2.52   537 protein concentrate — 90.0 64.0 5.79 1.80 3.30 5.30 4.20 0.90 1.00 3.40 — 2.50 2.80 0.90 3.40 NRC, 1998 538   100.0 71.1 6.43 2.00 3.67 5.89 4.67 1.00 1.11 3.78 — 2.78 3.11 1.00 3.78   539 protein isolate 5-08-038 92.0 85.8 6.87 2.25 4.25 6.64 5.26 1.01 1.19 4.34 — 3.10 3.17 1.08 4.21 NRC, 1998 540   100.0 93.3 7.47 2.45 4.62 7.22 5.72 1.10 1.29 4.72 — 3.37 3.45 1.17 4.58   541 seeds, heat processed 5-04-597 90.0 35.2 2.60 0.96 1.61 2.75 2.22 0.53 0.55 1.83 — 1.32 1.41 0.48 1.68 NRC, 1998 542   100.0 39.1 2.89 1.07 1.79 3.06 2.47 0.59 0.61 2.03 — 1.47 1.57 0.53 1.87     Spinach Spinacia oleracea 543 raw — 8.4 2.9 0.16 0.06 0.15 0.22 0.17 0.05 0.04 0.13 — 0.11 0.12 0.04 0.16 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 544   100.0 34.0 1.90 0.71 1.78 2.61 2.02 0.59 0.48 1.54 — 1.31 1.43 0.48 1.90     Squash, acorn Cucurbita maxima 545 raw — 12.2 0.8 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.03 — 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.03 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 546   100.0 6.5 0.33 0.16 0.25 0.33 0.25 0.08 0.08 0.25 — 0.25 0.16 0.08 0.25     Squash, butternut Cucurbita maxima 547 raw — 13.6 1.0 0.06 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.04 — 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.04 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 548   100.0 7.4 0.44 0.15 0.29 0.44 0.29 0.07 0.07 0.29 — 0.22 0.22 0.07 0.29     Squash, spaghetti Cucurbita maxima 549 raw — 8.4 0.6 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.03 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 550   100.0 7.6 0.36 0.12 0.24 0.36 0.24 0.12 0.12 0.24 — 0.24 0.24 0.12 0.36     Squash, zucchini Cucurbita pepo 551 raw, with peel — 4.7 1.2 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.06 0.02 0.01 0.04 — 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.05 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 552   100.0 25.4 1.06 0.64 0.85 1.48 1.27 0.42 0.21 0.85 — 0.64 0.64 0.21 1.06     Strawberry Fragaria spp 553 fruit, raw, ep — 8.4 0.6 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 554   100.0 7.2 0.36 0.12 0.12 0.36 0.36 0.00 0.12 0.24 — 0.24 0.24 0.12 0.24     Sucrose 555   4-04-701 99.0 0.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1998 556   100.0 0.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Sugarcane Saccharum of .cinarum 557 stems, fresh 2-13-248 15.0 1.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 558   100.0 7.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   559 sugar 4-04-701 100.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 560   100.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Sun flower, common Helianthus annuus 561 kernels — 95.0 25.7 2.38 0.66 1.29 1.86 1.01 0.59 0.48 1.23 — 0.76 1.04 0.38 1.49 Bath et al. , 1999 562   100.0 27.1 2.51 0.69 1.36 1.96 1.06 0.62 0.51 1.29 — 0.80 1.09 0.40 1.57   563 meal, sol. extr. 5-09-340 90.0 26.8 2.93 0.92 1.44 2.31 1.20 0.82 0.66 1.66 — 1.03 1.33 0.44 1.74 NRC, 1998 564   100.0 29.8 3.26 1.02 1.60 2.57 1.33 0.91 0.73 1.84 — 1.14 1.48 0.49 1.93   565 meal without hulls, sol. extr. 5-04-739 93.0 42.2   NRC, 1998 566   100.0 45.4   567 seeds — 94.0 16.8   Bath et al. , 1999 568   100.0 17.9     Sweet potato Ipomoea batatas 569 tubers, fresh — 27.2 1.7 0.08 0.03 0.08 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.01 0.10 — 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.11 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 570   100.0 6.1 0.29 0.11 0.29 0.44 0.29 0.15 0.04 0.37 — 0.26 0.29 0.29 0.41     Tamarind Tamarindus indica 571 pulp — 68.6 2.8 — — — — 0.14 0.01 — — — — — 0.02 — USDASR14 572   100.0 4.1 — — — — 0.20 0.01 — — — — — 0.03 —   573 seed — — —   Glew et al. , 1997 574   100.0 17.3     Tomatillo 575 fruit, raw, ep — 8.0 1.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — — USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 576   100.0 14.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Tomato Lycopersicon esculentum 577 pomace, dehy — 92.0 21.6   NRC, 1982; Bath et al. , 1999 578   100.0 23.5   579 red, ripe, raw, year- round average — 6.2 0.9 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 580   100.0 13.6 0.32 0.16 0.32 0.48 0.48 0.16 0.16 0.32 — 0.32 0.32 0.16 0.32  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003 Entry Number Description International Feed Numberb Dry Matter (%) Crude Protein (%) Arginine (%) Histidine (%) Isoleucine (%) Leucine (%) Lysine (%) Methionine (%) Cystine (%) Phenylalanine (%) Taurine (%) Tyrosine (%) Threonine (%) Tryptophan (%) Valine (%) Data Source   Triticale Triticale hexaploide 581 grain 4-20-362 90.0 12.5 0.57 0.26 0.39 0.76 0.39 0.20 0.26 0.49 — 0.32 0.36 0.14 0.51 NRC, 1998 582   100.0 13.9 0.63 0.29 0.43 0.84 0.43 0.22 0.29 0.54 — 0.36 0.40 0.16 0. 57     Turnip Brassica rapa rapa 583 greens, raw — 8.9 1.5 0.09 0.04 0.08 0.14 0.10 0.03 0.02 0.09 — 0.06 0.08 0.03 0.10 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 584   100.0 16.8 1.01 0.45 0.90 1.57 1.12 0.34 0.22 1.01 — 0.67 0.90 0.34 1.12   585 tubers, fresh — 8.1 0.9 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.02 — 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.03 USDASR14; Schmidt et al. , 1999 586   100.0 11.1 0.25 0.12 0.49 0.37 0.49 0.12 0.12 0.25 — 0.12 0.37 0.12 0.37     Walnut 587 meats, ground — 91.0 41.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Bath et al. , 1999 588   100.0 45.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Watermelon Citrullus vulgaris 589 fruit, raw, ep — 8.5 0.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Schmidt et al. , 1999 590   100.0 7.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   591 fruit, raw, with peel — 6.7 0.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — — Schmidt et al. , 1999 592   100.0 7.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Waxmoth Galleria mellonella 593 larvae — 41.5 14.1 0.71 0.33 0.63 1.24 0.79 0.22 0.11 0.53 <0.01 0.88 0.59 0.12 0.68 Finke, 2002 594   100.0 34.0 1.71 0.80 1.52 2.99 1.90 0.53 0.27 1.28 — 2.12 1.42 0.29 1.64     Wheat Triticum aestivum 595 bran 4-05-190 89.0 15.7 1.07 0.44 0.49 0.98 0.64 0.25 0.33 0.62 — 0.43 0.52 0.22 0.72 NRC, 1998 596   100.0 17.6 1.20 0.49 0.55 1.10 0.72 0.28 0.37 0.70 — 0.48 0.58 0.25 0.81   597 flour, less than 2% .ber (feed flour) 4-28-221 88.0 11.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 598   100.0 12.5 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   599 germs, ground 5-05-218 88.0 24.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 600   100.0 28.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   601 grain 4-05-211 89.0 14.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 602   100.0 16.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   603 grain, hard red spring 4-05-258 88.0 14.1 0.67 0.34 0.47 0.93 0.38 0.23 0.30 0.67 — 0.40 0.41 0.16 0.61 NRC, 1998 604   100.0 16.0 0.76 0.39 0.53 1.06 0.43 0.26 0.34 0.76 — 0.45 0.47 0.18 0.69   605 grain, hard red winter 4-05-268 88.0 13.5 0.60 0.32 0.41 0.86 0.34 0.20 0.29 0.60 — 0.38 0.37 0.15 0.54 NRC, 1998 606   100.0 15.3 0.68 0.36 0.47 0.98 0.39 0.23 0.33 0.68 — 0.43 0.42 0.17 0.61   607 grain, soft red winter 4-05-294 88.0 11.5 0.50 0.20 0.45 0.90 0.38 0.22 0.27 0.63 — 0.37 0.39 0.26 0.57 NRC, 1998 608   100.0 13.1 0.57 0.23 0.51 1.02 0.43 0.25 0.31 0.72 — 0.42 0.44 0.30 0.65   609 grain, soft white winter 4-05-337 89.0 11.8 0.55 0.27 0.44 0.79 0.33 0.20 0.28 0.55 — 0.36 0.35 0.15 0.53 NRC, 1998 610   100.0 13.3 0.62 0.30 0.49 0.89 0.37 0.22 0.31 0.62 — 0.40 0.39 0.17 0.60   611 middlings, <9.5% fiber 4-05-205 89.0 15.9 0.97 0.44 0.53 1.06 0.57 0.26 0.32 0.70 — 0.29 0.51 0.20 0.75 NRC, 1998 612   100.0 17.9 1.09 0.49 0.60 1.19 0.64 0.29 0.36 0.79 — 0.33 0.57 0.22 0.84   613 mill run, less than 9.5% fiber 4-05-206 90.0 15.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1982 614   100.0 17.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — —   615 red dog, <4% fiber 4-05-203 88.0 15.3 0.96 0.41 0.55 1.06 0.59 0.23 0.37 0.66 — 0.46 0.50 0.10 0.72 NRC, 1998 616   100.0 17.4 1.09 0.47 0.63 1.20 0.67 0.26 0.42 0.75 — 0.52 0.57 0.11 0.82   617 shorts, < 7% fiber 4-05-201 88.0 16.0 1.07 0.43 0.58 1.02 0.70 0.25 0.28 0.70 — 0.51 0.57 0.22 0.87 NRC, 1998 618   100.0 18.2 1.22 0.49 0.66 1.16 0.80 0.28 0.32 0.80 — 0.58 0.65 0.25 0.99     Whey (cattle) 619 dried 4-01-182 96.0 12.1 0.26 0.23 0.62 1.08 0.90 0.17 0.25 0.36 — 0.25 0.72 0.18 0.60 NRC, 1998 620   100.0 12.6 0.27 0.24 0.65 1.13 0.94 0.18 0.26 0.38 — 0.26 0.75 0.19 0.63   621 low lactose, dried 4-01-186 96.0 17.6 0.53 0.33 1.16 1.61 1.51 0.39 0.46 0.63 — 0.52 1.17 0.31 1.15 NRC, 1998 622   100.0 18.3 0.55 0.34 1.21 1.68 1.57 0.41 0.48 0.66 — 0.54 1.22 0.32 1.20   623 permeate, dried — 96.0 3.8 0.06 0.05 0.17 0.22 0.18 0.03 0.04 0.06 — 0.00 0.14 0.03 0.13 NRC, 1998 624   100.0 4.0 0.06 0.05 0.18 0.23 0.19 0.03 0.04 0.06 — 0.00 0.15 0.03 0.14     Willow Salix spp. 625 browse, fresh 2-05-472 41.0 4.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1971 626   100.0 9.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Willow, yellow Salix lutea 627 browse 2-05-475 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1971 628   100.0 14.4 — — — — — — — — — — — — —     Wood 629 sawdust 1-07-714 90.0 2.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — — NRC, 1971 630   100.0 3.2 — — — — — — — — — — — — —  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003   Yam Dioscorea alata 631 tubers, fresh — 30.4 1.5 0.13 0.03 0.05 0.10 0.06 0.02 0.02 0.07 — 0.04 0.05 0.01 0.06 USDASR14 632   100.0 5.0 0.43 0.10 0.16 0.33 0.20 0.07 0.07 0.23 — 0.13 0.16 0.03 0.20     Yeast, brewer’s Saccharomyces cerevisiae 633 dried 7-05-527 93.0 45.9 2.20 1.09 2.15 3.13 3.22 0.74 0.50 1.83 — 1.55 2.20 0.56 2.39 NRC, 1998 634   100.0 49.4 2.37 1.17 2.31 3.37 3.46 0.80 0.54 1.97 — 1.67 2.37 0.60 2.57     Yeast, torula Torulopsis utilis 635 dried 7-05-534 93.0 46.4 2.48 1.09 2.50 3.32 3.47 0.69 0.50 2.33 — 1.65 2.30 0.51 2.60 NRC, 1998 636   100.0 49.9 2.67 1.17 2.69 3.57 3.73 0.74 0.54 2.51 — 1.77 2.47 0.55 2.80   aDash indicates that no data were available. bFirst digit is class of feed: 1, dry forages and roughages; 2, pasture, range plants, and forages fed green; 3, silages; 4, energy feeds; 5, protein supplements; 6, minerals; 7, vitamins; 8, additives; the other .ve digits are the International Feed Number

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003 TABLE 12-5 Mineral Concentrations in Macro and Micromineral Sources Entry Number Description International Feed No. Dry Matter (%) Calciuma (Ca) ( %) Phosphorus (P) (%) Sodium (Na) (%) Chlorine (Cl) (%) Potassium (K) (%) Magnesium (Mg) (%) Sulfur (S) (%) Copper (Cu) (%) Iron ( Fe) Manganese (Mn) (%) Selenium (Se) (%) Zinc (Zn) (%) Data Source   Bone 1 meal, steamed 6-00-400 97 29.80 12.50 0.04 — 0.20 0.30 2.40 — — 0.03 — 0.01 NRC, 1981; 2   100 30.72 12.89 0.04 — 0.21 0.31 2.47 — — 0.03 — 0.01 NRC, 1998   Calcium 3 carbonate, CaCO3 6-01-069 100 38.50 0.02 0.08 0.02 0.08 1.61 0.08 — 0.06 0.02 — —   4   100 38.50 0.02 0.08 0.02 0.08 1.61 0.08 — 0.06 0.02 — —   5 iodate, Ca(IO3)2   — — — — — — — — — — — —   6   — — — — — — — — — — — —   7 phosphate (dicalcium) 6-01-080 97 20 to 24 18.50 0.18 0.47 0.15 0.80 0.80 — 0.79 0.14 — —   8   100 — — — — — — — — — — — —   9 phosphate (monocalcium) 6-26-334 96 17.00 21.10 0.20 — 0.16 0.90 0.80 — 0.75 0.01 — —   10   100   —   —   — —   11 sulfate, dihydrate 6-01-090   21.85 — — — — 0.48 16.19 — — — — —   12   100   — — — —   — — — — —     Copper (Cupric) 13 oxide, CuO   — — — — — — — — 75.00 — — — —   14   — — — — — — — — — — — — —   15 sulfate, pentahydrate, CuSO4·5H2O 6-01-719 100 — — — — — — 12.80 25.40 — — — —   16   100 — — — — — — 12.80 25.40 — — — —     Iron ( Ferric) 17 oxide, Fe2O3 6-02-431 92 0.30 — — — — 0.40 — — 57.00 0.30 — —   18   100 0.32 — — — — 0.43 — — 61.95 0.32 — —     Iron ( Ferrous) 19 carbonate, FeCO3 6-01-863 99 — — — — — — — — 39.60 — — —   20   100 — — — — — — — — 40.00 — — —   21 oxide, FeO 6-20-728 97 — — — — — — — — 75.37 — — —   22   100 — — — — — — — — 77.70 — — —   23 sulfate, heptahydrate, FeSO4·7H2O 6-20-734 98 — — — — — — 12.10 — 21.40 — — —   24   100 — — — — — — 12.35 — 21.84 — — —     Limestone 25 groundb 6-02-632 100 35.84 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.11 2.06 0.04 — 0.35 0.02 — —   26   100 35.84 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.11 2.06 0.04 — 0.35 0.02 — —   27 magnesium (Dolomitic) 6-02-633 99 22.08 0.04 — 0.12 0.36 9.89 — — 0.08 — — —   28   100 22.30 0.04 — 0.12 0.36 9.99 — — 0.08 — — —     Magnesium 29 carbonate 6-02-754 98 0.02 — — — — 30.20 — — — 0.01 — —   30   100 0.02 — — — — 30.82 — — — 0.01 — —   31 oxide 6-02-756 98 1.69 — — — 0.02 55.00 0.10 — 1.06 — — —   32   100 1.72 — — — 0.02 56.12 0.10 — 1.08 — — —   33 sulfate, heptahydrate 6-02-758 98 0.02 — — 0.01 — 9.60 13.04 — — — — —   34   100 0.02 — — 0.01 — 9.80 13.31 — — — — —     Phosphate 35 defluorinated 6-01-780 100 32.00 18.00 3.27 — 0.10 0.29 0.13 — 0.84c 0.05 — —   36   100 32.00 18.00 3.27 — 0.10 0.29 0.13 — 0.84c 0.05 — —   37 monoammonium 6-09-338   0.35 24.20 0.20 — 0.16 0.75 1.50 — 0.41 0.01 — —   38   100 — — — — — — — — — — — —   39 rock curaçao, ground 6-05-586 99 35.09 14.23 0.20 — — 0.80 — — 0.35 — — —   40   100 — — — — —   — —   — — —   41 rock, soft 6-03-947 100 16.09 9.05 0.10 — — 0.38 — — 1.92 0.10 — —   42   100 16.09 9.05 0.10 — — 0.38 — — 1.92 0.10 — —  

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003   Potassium 43 chloride, KCl 6-03-755 100 0.05 — 1.00 46.93 51.37 0.23 0.32 — 0.06 0.00 — —   44   100 0.05 — 1.00 46.93 51.37 0.23 0.32 — 0.06 0.00 — —   45 and magnesium sulfate 6-06-177 98 0.06 — 0.76 1.25 18.45 11.58 21.97 — 0.01 0.00 — —   46   100 — — — — — — — — — — — —   47 sulfate, K2SO4 6-08-098 98 0.15 — 0.09 1.50 43.04 0.60 17.64 — 0.07 0.00 — —   48   100 — — — — — — — — — — — —     Sodium 49 bicarbonate, NaHCO3 6-04-272 100 0.01 — 27.00 — 0.01 — — — — — — —   50   100 0.01 — 27.00 — 0.01 — — — — — — —   51 carbonate 6-12-316 — — — 43.30 — — — — — — — — —   52   — — — — — — — — — — — —   53 chloride, NaCl 6-04-152 100 0.30 — 39.50 59.00 — 0.01 0.20 — 0.01 — — —   54   100 0.30 — 39.50 59.00 — 0.01 0.20 — 0.01 — — —   55 phosphate, dibasic, Na2HPO4 6-04-286 — — 21.15 31.04 — — — — — — — — —   56   — — — — — — — — — — — — —   57 phosphate, monobasic 6-04-288 97 0.09 24.94 18.65 0.02 0.01 0.01 — — — — — —   58   100 — — — — — — — — — — — —   59 selenite, Na2SeO3 6-26-013 98 — — 26.1 — — — — — — — 44.7 —   60   100 — — 26.6 — — — — — — — 45.6 —   61 selenate, Na2SeO4   98 — — 23.8 — — — — — — — 41.0 —   62   100 — — 24.3 — — — — — — — 41.8 —   63 sulfate, decahydrate, Na2SO4·10H2O 6-04-291 — — — 13.80 — — — 9.70 — — — — —   64   — — —   — — — — — — — — —     Zinc 65 carbonate, ZnCO3   99 — — — — — — — — — — — 51.63   66   100 — — — — — — — — — — — 52.15   67 oxide, ZnO   100 — — — — — — — — — — — 78.00   68   100 — — — — — — — — — — — 78.00   69 sulfate, monohydrate, ZnSO4·H2O   99 0.02 — — 0.02 — — 17.50 — 0.00 0.00 — 36.00   70   100 0.02 — — 0.02 — — 17.68 — 0.00 0.00 — 36.36   71 sulfate, heptahydrate, ZnSO4·7H2O   98 — — — — — — 10.93 — — — — 22.25   72   100 — — — — — — 11.15 — — — — 22.70   NOTE: The mineral sources used as feed supplements are not chemically pure compounds, and the composition may vary substantially among sources. The supplier ’s analysis should be used if it is available. For example, feed- grade dicalcium phosphate contains some monocalcium phosphate and feed- grade monocalcium phosphate contains some dicalcium phosphate. Dashes indicate no available data. aEstimates suggest 90 to 100% bioavailability of calcium in most sources of mon limestone. The calcium in high- magnesium limestone or dolomitic limestone is less bioavailable (50- 80%) . bMost calcitic limestones will contain 38% or more calcium and less magnesium than shown. cIron in de .uorinated phosphate is about 65% as availa

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Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition, 2003 TABLE 12-6 Characteristics of Various Sources of Fats and Oils (data on as-fed basis)a,b   Selected Fatty Acids (% of Total Fatty Acids)   Entry Number Description International Feed Numberc <C10 C12:0 C14:0 C16:0 C16:1 C18:0 C18:1 C18:2 C18:3 >C20 Total sat. Total unsat. U:Sd ratio Iodine value Total n-6 Total n-3   Animal Fats 1 Beef Tallow 4-08-127 0.0 0.9 3.7 24.9 4.2 18.9 36.0 3.1 0.6 0.3 52.1 47.9 0.92 44 3.1 0.6 2 Choice White Grease — 0.2 0.2 1.9 21.5 5.7 14.9 41.1 11.6 0.4 1.8 40.8 59.2 1.45 60 11.6 0.4 3 Lard 4-04-790 0.1 0.2 1.3 23.8 2.7 13.5 41.2 10.2 1.0 1.0 41.1 58.9 1.44 64 10.2 1.0 4 Poultry Fat 4-09-319 0.0 0.1 0.9 21.6 5.7 6.0 37.3 19.5 1.0 1.2 31.2 68.8 2.20 78 19.5 1.0 5 Restaurant Grease — — — 1.9 16.2 2.5 10.5 47.5 17.5 1.9 1.0 29.9 70.1 2.34 75 17.5 1.9   Fish Oils 6 Anchovy — — — 7.4 17.4 10.5 4.0 11.6 1.2 0.8 30.3 34.6 65.4 1.89 — 1.3 31.2 7 Herring 7-08-048 — 0.2 7.1 11.7 9.6 0.8 11.9 1.1 0.8 45.6 22.8 77.2 3.39 — 1.4 17.8 8 Menhaden 7-08-049 — — 8.0 15.1 10.5 3.8 14.5 2.1 1.5 29.5 33.3 66.7 2.00 — 1.5 25.1   Vegetable Oils 9 Canola (Rapeseed) 4-06-144 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.2 1.8 56.1 20.3 9.3 3.6 7.4 92.6 12.46 118 20.3 9.3 10 Coconut 4-09-320 14.1 44.6 16.8 8.2 0.0 2.8 5.8 1.8 0.0 0.0 91.9 8.1 0.09 10 1.8 0. 0 11 Corn 4-07-882 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.9 0.0 1.8 24.2 59.0 0.7 0.0 13.3 86.7 6.53 125 58.0 0.7 12 Cottonseed 4-20-836 0.0 0.0 0.8 22.7 0.8 2.3 17.0 51.5 0.2 0.1 27.1 72.9 2.69 105 51.5 0.2 13 Olive — 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.0 0.8 2.2 72.5 7.9 0.6 0.3 14.1 85.9 6.08 86 7.9 0.6 14 Palm — 0.0 0.1 1.0 43.5 0.3 4.3 36.6 9.1 0.2 0.1 51.6 48.4 0.94 50 9.1 0.2 15 Peanut 4-03-658 0.0 0.0 0.1 9.5 0.1 2.2 44.8 32.0 0.0 6.4 17.8 82.2 4.63 92 32.0 0.0 16 Safflower 4-20-526 0.0 0.0 0.1 6.2 0.4 2.3 11.7 74.1 0.4 0.0 9.5 90.5 9.52 140 74.1 0.4 17 Sesame — 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.9 0.2 4.8 39.3 41.3 0.3 0.2 14.8 85.2 5.73 110 41.3 0.3 18 Soybean 4-07-983 0.0 0.0 0.1 10.3 0.2 3.8 22.8 51.0 6.8 0.2 15.1 84.9 5.64 130 51.0 6.8 19 Sunflower 4-20-833 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.4 0.2 3.5 45.3 39.8 0.2 0.0 10.6 89.4 8.47 133 39.8 0.2 a Dash indicates that no data were available. bThe fatty acid data were obtained from Pearl ( 1995) of the Fats and Protein Research Foundation and USDA Food Composition Standard Release 14 ( 2001) . Values for fatty acid content do not always total 100% but represent means as obtained from various fat analysis conducted by gas- liquid chromatography. c First digit is class of feed: 1, dry forages and roughages; 2, pasture, range plants, and forages fed green; 3, silages; 4, energy feeds; 5, protein supplements; 6, minerals; 7, vitamins; 8, additives; the other .ve digits are the International Feed Number. d Unsaturated: saturated fatty acid ratio.

Representative terms from entire chapter:

oleracea var