Omnivorous, plants (especially fruits) dominate

Cheirogaleus

C. major

C. medius

Greater dwarf lemur

Fat-tailed dwarf lemur

Fruit, young leaves, flowers, nectar, leaf buds, gums, animal prey (mostly insects, some chameleons); C. major lethargic in cool, dry season; C. medius increase in body weight 120-250 g during rainy season (6 months), hibernate 7-9 months

Nocturnal, arboreal, forage solitary, sleep 1-5

C. major 235-470 g; C. medius when feeding (rainy season) 142-217 g, especially tail, hibernate loses 100 g

Hladik, 1979; Hladik et al., 1980; Mittermeier et al., 1994; Petter et al., 1977; Wright & Martin, 1995

Eulemur (Petterus)

E. coronatus

E. fulvus

E. macaco

E. mongoz

E. rubriventer

Crowned lemur

Brown lemur

Black lemur

Mongoose lemur

Red-bellied lemur

Fruit 45% (7-79%), leaves 45% (20-89%), flowers 10% (1-52%), few insects; dry season diet of E. mongoz, E. rubriventer, E.fulvus in some habitats nectar 82% (81-84), fruit 17%, leaf 1%; E. fulvus tolerates high levels of toxic plant compounds

Cathemeral, mostly arboreal, multimale/ multifemale groups, group size 5-18 or just family groups

1.4-2.4 kg

Andriatsarafara, 1988; Colquhoum, 1993; Dague & Petter, 1988; Hladik, 1979; Kappeler, 1991; Overdorff, 1993; Richard & Dewar, 1991; Silva & Downing, 1995; Sussman, 1974, 1977; Sussman & Tattersall, 1976; Tattersall, 1977, 1979; Wilson et al., 1989; Yamashita 1996

Galago

G. alleni

G. gallarum

G. matschiei

Allen’s bush baby

Somali bush baby

Matschie’s bush baby (was Euoticus inustus)

Fruit 74% (73-76%), animal prey 24% (23-25%) (invertebrates and frogs), 2% other vegetation (fallen fruit, seeds, gums)

Nocturnal, arboreal, forage solitary 86%, sleep (females) 1-4

G. alleni 200-445 g; G. gallarum 196-225 g

Butynski, 1982; Charles-Dominique, 1977; Gonzalez-Kirchner, 1995; Nash et al., 1989

Lemur

L. catta

Ring-tailed lemur

Fruit 54% (34-70%), leaves 33% (24-50%), flowers 3% (0-8%), herbs 8% (6-15%), bark, sap, cactus, misc 2% (0-7%); Tamarindus indicus is 25% of diet: 12% leaf, 12% pods

Diurnal, arboreal, terrestrial, multimale/ multifemale, with 1 alpha female, group size 5-30

1.96-2.705 kg

Jolly, 1966; Kappeler, 1991; Rasamimanana & Rafidinarivo, 1993; Sauther & Sussman, 1993; Silva & Downing, 1995; Sussman, 1974; Yamashita, 1996

Microcebus

M. (Mirza) coquereli

M. murinus

M. myoxinusc

M. rufus

Coquerel’s dwarf lemur

Gray mouse lemur

Pygmy mouse lemur

Brown mouse lemur

Fruit, animal matter (insects, frogs, bird eggs, chameleons), young leaves, flowers, gums, sap/resins, nectar, buds, seeds; spends up to 50%of time in dry season licking larval secretions of Homoptera off branches

Nocturnal, arboreal mostly, forage solitary, some pairs, sleep 1-4; M. murinus store fat in tail and less active in dry season, do not hibernate, sleep 1-15

M. coquereli, M. myoxinus 302 g female, 308 g male; M. rufus 41-63 g females, 35-70 g males; M. murinus 40-109 g varies 50-60 g when “hibernates”

Corbin & Schmid, 1995; Hladik, 1979; Kappeler, 1991; Pages, 1980; Petter et al., 1971, 1977; Wright & Martin, 1995

Nycticebus

N. coucang

N. pygmaeus^c

Slow loris

Pygmy loris

Fruit 50%, animal prey 30%, gums 15% (10-19%), shoots, bird eggs, insects that have repugnant taste and smell

Nocturnal, arboreal, forage solitary

N. coucang 375-900 g female, 850-1207 g male: N. pygmaeus 372 g female, 462 g male

Bearder, 1987; Duckworth, 1994; Kappeler, 1991; Silva & Downing, 1995; Tan, 1994; Van Horn & Eaton, 1979

Otolemur

O.garnettii

Garnett’s greater bush baby

Fruit 27% (4-50%), animal prey 61% (44-78%) (beetles, ants, termites, snails, birds), seeds 3% (0-7%), other vegetation 9% (0-18%) (resins, bark, pollen)

Nocturnal, arboreal, male solitary, related females overlap

740-1460 g female, 822-1640 g male

Bearder, 1987; Harcourt & Nash, 1986; Masters et al., 1988; Nash & Harcourt, 1986; Nash et al., 1989; Silva & Downing, 1995

Perodicticus

P. potto

Potto

Fruit 74% (65-82%), gums 40% (21-60%), animal prey 20% (10-30%) (ants make up 65%of insect prey), some leaf and fungus; when fruit is scarce (dry season)

Nocturnal, arboreal, forage solitary 96%, pairs 4%, sleep 1-2

850-1600 g

Charles-Dominique, 1974; Gonzalez-Kirchner, 1995; Hladik, 1979; Oates, 1984

Varecia

V. variegata

Ruffed lemur

Ripe fruit 74%, 21% leaves (2% shoots, 1% young leaves, 18% mature leaf), flowers 5% (1-40%), seeds, nectar; 74% nectarivorous in 1 month of year

Diurnal, arboreal mostly, family or larger groups, 5-32 individuals

3.512 kg female, 3.471 kg male

Dew & Wright, 1994; Kappeler & Ganzhorn, 1993; Morland, 1993; Richard & Dewar, 1991; Rigamonti, 1993; White, 1989