Leavesdominate other plant parts

Avahi

A. laniger

Woolly lemur

Seasonally exclusively folivorous: 91% leaves (40% mature leaves, 51% mixed mature and young), 9% flowers, rarely fruit and bark

Nocturnal, arboreal, monogamous pairs, groups 2-5 individuals

1.3 kg female, 1.0 kg male

Albignac, 1981; Ganzhorn, 1988; Ganzhorn et al., 1985; Harcourt, 1991; Kappeler, 1991; Richard & Dewar, 1991

Indri

I. indri

Indri (babakoto)

Young leaves, buds, and petioles 45% (1-75%), fruit 38% (5-75%), unripe seeds 12% (10-15%), flowers and buds 3% (1-6%), mature leaves 2% (0-3%), occasionally soil

Diurnal, arboreal, monogamous family groups 2-6 individuals

7.1 kg female, 5.8 kg male

Hladik, 1979; Mittermeier et al., 1994; Pollock, 1975, 1977

Lepilemur

L. dorsalis

L. edwardsi

L. leucopus

L. microdon^c

L. mustelinus

L. ruficaudatus

L. septentrionalis

Gray-backed sportive lemur

Milne-Edwards’ sportive lemur

White-footed sportive lemur

Small-toothed sportive lemur

Weasel sportive lemur

Red-tailed sportive lemur

Northern sportive lemur

Leaves primarily, some fruit, bark, seeds, flowers; L. mustelinus can tolerate high alkaloid levels; L. ruficaudatus may practice caecotrophy and have high tolerance for toxins; L. leucopus 100% leaves

Nocturnal, arboreal, solitary or male/ female pairs, sleep 1-3; do not hibernate

544-915 g, L. edwardsi 1000g

Albignac, 1981; Charles-Dominique & Hladik, 1971; Ganzhorn, 1988; Hladik, 1979; Hladik & Charles-Dominique, 1974; Hladik et al., 1980; Kappeler, 1990, 1991; Kappeler & Ganzhorn, 1993; Nash, 1994; Silva & Downing, 1995

Propithecus

P. diadema

P. tattersalli

P. verreauxi

Diademed sifaka

Golden-crowned sifaka

Verreaux’s sifaka

P. diadema and P. tattersalli: young leaves 25% (5-44%), mature leaves 25% (0-46%), fruit, ripe or unripe 43% (0-72%), flowers 7% (0-23%); P. verreauxi: mature leaves 38% (2-70%), young leaves 40% (0-70%), fruit 7% (5-8%), flowers 10% (0-40%), bark 5% (4-9%)

Diurnal, mostly arboreal, pairs to multimale/ multifemale groups, 2-12 individuals

P. diadema: 5.6-7.2 kg, P. tattersalli: 2.1-3.8 kg, P. verreauxi: 3.5-3.6 kg

Hemingway, 1998; Hladik, 1979; Jolly, 1966; Kappeler, 1991; Meyers & Wright, 1993; Richard, 1974, 1977, 1978; Yamashita, 1996

Mostly bamboo

Hapalemur

H. aureus

H. griseus

H. simus

Golden bamboo lemur

Lesser bamboo lemur

Greater bamboo lemur

Bamboo 95% (85-98%) (shoots 89%, mature leaves 6%, young leaves 1%, petioles 1%), flowers 1%, fruit 2%, fungus 2%; H. griseus also eats phragmites leaves and shoots, Papyrus pith; H. aureus eats a bamboo containing 12 × lethal dose (for humans) of cyanide

Diurnal or cathemeral, arboreal, family 2-6 individuals; H. simus 1 male + multifemale or multimale/ multifemale groups 4-30 individuals

H. aureus 1.5 kg female, 1.7 kg male; H. griseus 800-939 g; H. simus 1.3-2.4 kg

Glander et al., 1989; Kappeler, 1990; Meier & Rumpler, 1987; Overdorff et al., 1997; Petter & Peyrieras, 1970a; Petter et al., 1975, 1977; Silva & Downing, 1995; Wright, 1986; Wright & Randrimanantena, 1989; Wright et al., 1987

Wasthought of asinsectivorousbut isomnivorous-frugivorous

Daubentonia

D. madagascariensis

Aye-aye

Seeds/nuts 47% (12-84%), nectar 8% (1-20%), larvae 20% (2-45%), canker 20% (5-42%), other (soft fruit, fungus, galls, bamboo) 5% (0-12%); larvae extracted with long thin finger; eat coconuts (0-58% where available) same way.

Nocturnal, arboreal, forage solitary, sleep 1-2

2.6 kg female, 2.8 kg male

Ancrenaz et al., 1994; Andriamasimanana, 1994; Erickson, 1995; Iwano & Iwakawa, 1985; Kappeler, 1991; Petter & Peyrieras, 1970b; Pollock et al.,1985; Sterling, 1994; Sterling et al., 1993