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Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program (2000)

Chapter: C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments

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Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×

Appendix C
USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments*

Multi State

Mullineaux, D.R. 1976. Preliminary overview map of volcanic hazards in the 48 conterminous United States. U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-786, 1 plate, scale 1:7,500,000.

Shipley, S., and Sarna-Wojcicki, A.M. 1983. Distribution, thickness, and mass of late Pleistocene and Holocene tephra from major volcanoes in the northwestern United States: A preliminary assessment of hazards from volcanic ejecta to nuclear reactors in the Pacific northwest. U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1435, 27 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:2,500,000.

Hoblitt, R.P., Miller, C.D., and Scott, W.E. 1987. Volcanic hazards with regard to siting nuclear-power plants in the Pacific Northwest. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87–297, 196 Pp., 5 plates, scale 1:2,000,000.

Alaska

Akutan

Waythomas, C.F., Power, J.A., Richter, D.H., and McGimsey, R.G. 1998. Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Akutan Volcano east-central Aleutian Islands, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98–360, 36 Pp., 1 plate.

*  

As of September 1999

Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×

Augustine

Waythomas, C.F., and Waitt, R.B. 1998. Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Augustine Volcano, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98–106, 39 Pp., 1 plate.

Iliamna

Waythomas, C.F., and Miller, T.P. 1999. Preliminary volcano hazard assessment for Iliamna Volcano, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99–373, 31 Pp., 1 plate.

Pavlof

Waythomas, C.F., Miller, T.P., McGimsey, R.G., and Neal, C.A. 1997. Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Pavlof Volcano, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97–135, 1 plate.

Redoubt

Till, A.B., Yount, M.E., Riehle, J.R. 1993. Redoubt Volcano, southern Alaska: A hazard assessment based on eruptive activity through 1968. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1996, 19 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:125,000.

Waythomas, C.F., Dorava, J.M., Miller, T.P., Neal, C.A., and McGimsey, R.G. 1998. Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Redoubt Volcano, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97–857, 40 Pp., 1 plate.

Hawaii

Island of Hawaii

Mullineaux, D.R., and Peterson, D.W. 1974. Volcanic hazards on the island of Hawaii. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 74–239, 61 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:125,000.

U.S. Geological Survey (from material provided by Peterson, D.W., and Mullineaux, D.R.). 1976. Natural hazards on the island of Hawaii. U.S. Geological Survey INF-75–18, 16 Pp.

Mullineaux, D.R., Peterson, D.W., and Crandell, D.R. 1987. Volcanic hazards in the Hawaiian Islands, Pp. 599–621 in Decker,

Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×

R.W., Wright, T.L., and Stauffer, P.H., eds., Volcanism in Hawaii. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1350, v. 1.

Heliker, C. 1990. Volcanic and seismic hazards on the Island of Hawaii. U.S. Geological Survey General Interest Publication, 48 Pp.

Wright, T.L., Chun, J.Y.F., Esposo, J., Heliker, C., Hodge, J., Lockwood, J.P., and Vogt, S.M. 1992. Map showing lava-flow hazard zones, Island of Hawaii. U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-2193, 1 plate, scale 1:250,000.

Kauahikaua, J., Moore, R.B., and Delaney, P. 1994. Volcanic activity and ground deformation hazard analysis for the Hawaii Geothermal Project Environmental Impact Statement. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94–553, 44 Pp.

Kauahikaua, J., Margriter, S., and Moore, R.B. 1995. GIS-aided volcanic activity hazard analysis for the Hawaii Geothermal Project Environmental Impact Statement, Pp. 235–257 in Carrara, A., and Guzzetti, F., eds., Geographical Information Systems in Assessing Natural Hazards, Amsterdam: Kluwer.

Mauna Loa

Kauahikaua, J., Margriter, S., Lockwood, J., and Trusdell, F. 1995. Applications of GIS to the estimation of lava flow hazards on Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii Pp. 315–325 in Rhodes, J.M., and Lockwood, J.P., eds., Mauna Loa Revealed; Structure, Composition, History, and Hazards. American Geophysical Union, Geophysical Monograph 92.

Trusdell, F.A. 1995. Lava flow hazards and risk assessment on Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii, Pp. 327–336 in Rhodes, J.M., and Lockwood, J.P., eds., Mauna Loa Revealed; Structure, Composition, History, and Hazards. American Geophysical Union, Geophysical Monograph 92.

Kauahikaua, J., Trusdell, F., and Heliker, C. 1998. The probability of lava inundation at the proposed and existing Kulani Prison sites. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98–794, 21 Pp.

Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×

Oahu

Crandell, D.R. 1975. Assessment of volcanic risk on the Island of Oahu, Hawaii. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 75–287, 18 Pp.

Maui

Crandell, D.R. 1983. Potential hazards from future volcanic eruptions on the Island of Maui, Hawaii. U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Map I-1442, scale 1:100,000.

Haleakala

Mullineaux, D.R., Peterson, D.W., and Crandell, D.R. 1987. Volcanic hazards in the Hawaiian Islands, Pp. 599–621 in Decker, R.W., Wright, T.L., and Stauffer, P.H., eds., Volcanism in Hawaii. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1350, v. 1.

Washington

General

Crandell, D.R. 1976. Preliminary assessment of potential hazards from future volcanic eruptions in Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-774, 1 plate, scale 1:1,000,000.

Glacier Peak

Begét, J.E. 1982. Postglacial volcanic deposits at Glacier Peak, Washington, and potential hazards from future eruptions. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82–830, 77 Pp.

Waitt, R.B., Mastin, L.G., and Beget, J.E. 1995. Volcanic-hazard zonation for Glacier Peak Volcano, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95–499, 9 Pp., 2 plates, scale 1:100,000.

Mount Adams

Scott, W.E., Iverson, R.M., Vallance, J.W., and Hildreth, W. 1995. Volcano hazards in the Mount Adams region, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95–492, 11 Pp., 2 plates, scale 1:500,000, 1:100,000.

Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×

Mount Baker

Hyde, J.H., and Crandell, D.R. 1978. Postglacial volcanic deposits at Mount Baker, Washington, and potential hazards from future eruptions. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1022-C, 17 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:250,000.

Gardner, C.A., Scott, K.M., Miller, C.D., Myers, B., Hildreth, W., and Pringle, P.T. 1995. Potential volcanic hazards from future activity of Mount Baker, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95–498, 16 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:100,000.

Mount Rainier

Crandell, D.R., and Mullineaux, D.R. 1967. Volcanic hazards at Mount Rainier, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1238, 26 Pp.

Crandell, D.R. 1973. Potential hazards from future eruptions of Mount Rainier, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geological Investigations Map I-836, 1 plate, scale 1:250,000.

Hoblitt, R.P., Walder, J.S., Driedger, C.L., Scott, K.M., Pringle, P. T., and Vallance, J.W. 1995. Volcano hazards from Mount Rainier, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95–273, 10 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:100,000.

Scott, K.M., and Vallance, J.W. 1995. Debris flow, debris avalanche, and flood hazards at and downstream from Mount Rainier, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-729, 9 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:100,000, 1:400,000.

Scott, K.M., Vallance, J.W., and Pringle, P.T. 1995. Sedimentology, behavior, and hazards of debris flows at Mount Rainier, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1547, 56 Pp., 1 plate.

U.S. Geological Survey. 1996. Perilous Beauty, The Hidden Dangers of Mount Rainier. VHS video, 29 min.

Hoblitt, R.P., Walder, J.S., Driedger, C.L., Scott, K.M., Pringle, P. T., and Vallance, J.W. 1998. Volcano hazards from Mount Rainier, Washington, Revised 1998. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98–428, 11 Pp., 2 plates, scale 1:100,000, 1:400,000.

Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×

Mount St. Helens

Crandell, D.R. and Mullineaux, D.R. 1978. Potential hazards from future eruptions of Mount St. Helens Volcano, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1383-C, 26 Pp., 2 plates, scale 1:250,000.

Miller, C.D., Mullineaux, D.R., and Crandell, D.R. 1981. Hazards assessments at Mount St. Helens, Pp. 789–802 in Lipman, P.W., and Mullineaux, D.R., eds., The 1980 Eruptions of Mount St. Helens, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1250.

Newhall, C.G. 1982. A method for estimating intermediate- and long-term risks from volcanic activity, with an example from Mount St. Helens, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82–396, 59 Pp.

Newhall, C.G. 1984. Semiquantitative assessment of changing volcanic risk at Mount St. Helens, Washington. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84–272, 30 Pp.

Pallister, J.S., Hoblitt, R.P., Crandell, D.R., and Mullineaux, D.R. 1992. Mount St. Helens a decade after the 1980 eruptions: Magmatic models, chemical cycles, and a revised hazards assessment. Bulletin of Volcanology, 54:126–146.

Wolfe, E.W., and Pierson, T.C. 1995. Volcanic-hazard zonation for Mount St. Helens, Washington, 1995. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95–497, 12 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:100,000.

Oregon

Crater Lake

Bacon, C.R., Mastin, L.G., Scott, K.M., and Nathenson, M. 1997. Volcano and earthquake hazards in the Crater Lake region, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97–487, 32 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:100,000.

Mount Hood

Crandell, D.R. 1980. Recent eruptive history of Mount Hood, Oregon, and potential hazards from future eruptions. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1492, 81 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:31,680.

Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×

Scott, W.E., Pierson, T.C., Schilling, S.P., Costa, J.E., Gardner, C. A., Vallance, J.W., and Major, J.J. 1997. Volcano hazards in the Mount Hood region, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97–89, 14 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:100,000.

Wessells, Steve. 1998. At risk: Volcano Hazards from Mount Hood, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98–492, VHS video, 14 min.

Mount Jefferson

Walder, J.S., Gardner, C.A., Conrey, R.M., Fisher, B.J., and Schilling, S.P. 1999. Volcano hazards in the Mount Jefferson region, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99–24, 14 Pp., 2 plates, scale 1:100,000.

Newberry Volcano

Sherrod, D.R., Mastin, L.G., Scott, W.E., and Schilling, S.P. 1997. Volcano hazards at Newberry Volcano, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97–513, 14 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:100,000.

Three Sisters Volcano

Laenen, A., Scott, K.M., Costa, J.E., and Orzol, L.L. 1987. Hydrologic hazards along Squaw Creek from a hypothetical failure of the glacial moraine impounding Carver Lake near Sisters, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87–41, 48 Pp.

Scott, W.E., Iverson, R.M., Schilling, S.P., and Fisher, B.J. 1999. Volcano hazards in the Three Sisters Region, Oregon. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99–437, 18 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:150,000.

California

General

Christiansen, R.L. 1982. Volcanic hazard potential in the California Cascades, Pp. 41–59 in Martin, R.C., and Davis, J.F. Status of Volcanic Prediction and Emergency Response Capabilities in Volcanic Hazard Zones of California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 63.

Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×

Miller, C.D. 1989. Potential hazards from future volcanic eruptions in California. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 1847, 17 Pp., 2 plates, scale 1:500,000.

Lassen Volcanic Center

Crandell, D.R., and Mullineaux, D.R. 1970. Potential geologic hazards in Lassen Volcanic National Park, California. U.S. Geological Survey Administrative Report, 54 Pp.

Mount Shasta

Miller, C.D. 1980. Potential hazards from future eruptions in the vicinity of Mount Shasta volcano, northern California. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1503, 43 Pp., 3 plates, scale 1:62,500.

Crandell, D.R., and Nichols, D.R. 1987. Volcanic hazards at Mount Shasta, California. U.S. Geological Survey General Interest Publication, 21 Pp.

Crandell, D.R. 1989. Gigantic debris avalanche of Pleistocene age from ancestral Mount Shasta Volcano, California, and debris-avalanche hazard zonation. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1861, 32 Pp.

Ostercamp, W.R., Hupp, C.R., and Blodgett, J.C. 1986. Magnitude and frequency of debris flows, and areas of hazards on Mount Shasta, northern California. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1396-C, 21 Pp., 1 plate, scale 1:62,500.

Long Valley Caldera

Miller, C.D., Mullineaux, D.R., Crandell, D.R., and Bailey, R.A. 1982. Potential hazards from future eruptions in the Long Valley-Mono Lake area, east-central California and southwest Nevada—a preliminary assessment. U.S. Geological Survey Circular 877, 10 Pp.

Foreign

Miller, C.D., Mullineaux, D.R., and Hall, M.L. 1978. Reconnaissance map of potential volcanic hazards from Cotopaxi Volcano, Ecuador. U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Map I-1072, 1 plate, scale 1:100,000.

Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×

Miller, C.D., Sukhyar, R., Santoso, and Hamidi, S. 1983 Eruptive history of the Dieng Mountains region, central Java, and potential hazards from future eruptions. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83–68, 20 Pp.

Macías, V.J.L., Carrasco-Nunez, G., Delgado G.H., Martin del Pozzo, A.L., Siebe G., C., Hoblitt, R.P. Sheridan, M.F., and Tilling, R.I. 1995. Mapa de peligros del Volcan Popocatépetl. Instituto de Geofisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma B Mexico, Mexico, D.F., 1 plate, scale 1:250,000.

Punongbayan, R.S., Newhall, C.G., Bautista, M.L.P., Garcia, D., Harlow, D.H., Hoblitt, R.P., Sabit, J.P., and Solidum, R.U. 1996. Eruption hazards assessments and warnings, in Newhall, C. G., and Punongbayan, R.S., eds., Fire and Mud: Eruptions and Lahars of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Quezon City, and University of Washington Press, Seattle, Pp. 67–85

Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×

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Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×
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Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×
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Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×
Page 129
Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×
Page 130
Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×
Page 131
Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×
Page 132
Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×
Page 133
Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×
Page 134
Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×
Page 135
Suggested Citation:"C USGS Volcano Hazard Assessments." National Research Council. 2000. Review of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9884.
×
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The United States has more than 65 active or potentially active volcanoes, more than those of all other countries except Indonesia and Japan. During the twentieth century, volcanic eruptions in Alaska, California, Hawaii, and Washington devastated thousands of square kilometers of land, caused substantial economic and societal disruption and, in some instances, loss of life. More than 50 U.S. volcanoes have erupted one or more times in the past 200 years. Recently, there have been major advances in our understanding of how volcanoes work. This is partly because of detailed studies of eruptions and partly because of advances in global communications, remote sensing, and interdisciplinary cooperation.

The mission of the Volcano Hazards Program (VHP) is to "lessen the harmful impacts of volcanic activity by monitoring active and potentially active volcanoes, assessing their hazards, responding to volcanic crises, and conducting research on how volcanoes work." To provide a fresh perspective and guidance to the VHP about the future of the program, the Geologic and Water Resources Divisions of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) requested that the National Research Council conduct an independent and comprehensive review.

Review of the U. S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program is organized around the three components of hazards mitigation. Chapter 2 deals with research and hazard assessment. Chapter 3 covers monitoring and Chapter 4 discusses crisis response and other forms of outreach conducted by the VHP. Chapter 5 describes various cross-cutting programmatic issues such as staffing levels, data formats, and partnerships. Chapter 6 offers a vision for the future of the Volcano Hazards Program, and Chapter 7 summarizes the conclusions and recommendations of the preceding chapters. Throughout the report, major conclusions are printed in italics and recommendations in bold type.

The committee has written this report for several different audiences. The main audience is upper management within the USGS and the VHP. However, the committee believes that scientists within the VHP will also find the report valuable. The report is written in such a manner as to be useful to congressional staff as well.

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