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Methods for Developing Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines (2000)

Chapter: Appendix C Biographical Information

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C Biographical Information." National Research Council. 2000. Methods for Developing Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9892.
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Appendix C

Biographical Information on the Subcommittee on Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines

DONALD E. GARDNER (Chair) is president of Inhalation Toxicology Associates, Inc., a consulting firm in inhalation toxicology. He received his Ph.D. in environmental health at the University of Cincinnati. His research interests include environmental and occupational toxicology, immunotoxicology, pulmonary toxicology, and host defense mechanisms.

JOSEPH V. BRADY is professor of neuroscience and director of the Behavioral Biology Research Center at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. He received his Ph.D. in behavioral biology from the University of Chicago. His research interests include experimental analysis of behavior, behavioral physiology, behavioral pharmacology/toxicology, and space flight performance studies.

GARY P. CARLSON is professor of toxicology and associate head in the School of Health Sciences at Purdue University. He received his Ph.D. in pharmacology from the University of Chicago. His research interests are primarily related to the relationship between the bioacti-

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C Biographical Information." National Research Council. 2000. Methods for Developing Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9892.
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vation of chemicals and their toxic actions. Of particular interest are solvents and alcohols.

ELAINE M. FAUSTMAN is professor in the Department of Environmental Health and director of the Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication at the University of Washington. She received her Ph.D. in pharmacology and toxicology from Michigan State University. Dr. Faustman's research interests include mechanistic investigations of the reproductive and developmental toxicity of metals and she has developed quantitative risk assessment methods for noncancer end points.

CHARLES E. FEIGLEY is professor of environmental health sciences at the University of South Carolina School of Public Health. He received his Ph.D. in environmental sciences and engineering from the University of North Carolina. Dr. Feigley's research is primarily in the areas of exposure assessment and occupation hygiene engineering with an emphasis on developing innovative exposure assessment and control methods.

MARY ESTHER GAULDEN is adjunct professor of radiology at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. She received her Ph.D. in biology from the University of Virginia and did pre-doctoral research at the National Institutes of Health and postdoctoral research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Dr. Gaulden's research interests include the effects of low doses of radiation, especially on chromosomes and on man, and the genotoxicity and carcinogenesis of chemicals.

WILLIAM E. HALPERIN is a senior scientist at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health in Cincinnati. He received his M.D., M.P.H., and Dr.P.H. from Harvard University. His research interests include occupational epidemiology, public health surveillance, and occupational medicine.

RALPH L. KODELL is director of biometry and risk assessment at the Food and Drug Administration's National Center for Toxicological Research. He received his Ph.D. from Texas A&M University. His re-

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C Biographical Information." National Research Council. 2000. Methods for Developing Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9892.
×

search interests include developing and applying mathematical models and statistical techniques in the design and analysis of laboratory experiments to predict human risk.

ROBERT SNYDER is professor and chair of the department of pharmacology and toxicology at Rutgers University College of Pharmacy, and is associate director of the Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute. He received his Ph.D. in biochemistry from the State University of New York at Syracuse. His research interests include solvent toxicology, chemically induced bone marrow depression, liver toxicity, and chemical carcinogenesis.

BERNARD M. WAGNER is president of Wagner Associates, Inc., a consulting firm in toxicology and pathology. He is also emeritus research professor of pathology at New York University Medical Center and serves as a consultant to national and foreign government agencies, academia, and industry. He received his M.D. from Hahnemann Medical College. His research interests include toxicology, diseases of the connective tissue, and comparative pathology.

GAROLD S. YOST is professor of pharmacology and toxicology at the University of Utah. He received his Ph.D. in organic chemistry from Colorado State University. Dr. Yost's research interests include the study of drug metabolism and mechanisms of pneumotoxic chemicals.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C Biographical Information." National Research Council. 2000. Methods for Developing Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9892.
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Page 149
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C Biographical Information." National Research Council. 2000. Methods for Developing Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9892.
×
Page 150
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C Biographical Information." National Research Council. 2000. Methods for Developing Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9892.
×
Page 151
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The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) maintains an active interest in the environmental conditions associated with living and working in spacecraft and identifying hazards that might adversely affect the health and well-being of crew members. Despite major engineering advances in controlling the spacecraft environment, some water and air contamination appears to be inevitable. Several hundred chemical species are likely to be found in the closed environment of the spacecraft, and as the frequency, complexity, and duration of human space flight increase, identifying and understanding significant health hazards will become more complicated and more critical for the success of the missions.

NASA asked the National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Toxicology to develop guidelines, similar to those developed by the NRC in 1992 for airborne substances, for examining the likelihood of adverse effects from water contaminants on the health and performance of spacecraft crews. In this report, the Subcommittee on Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines (SWEGs) examines what is known about water contaminants in spacecraft, the adequacy of current risk assessment methods, and the toxicologic issues of greatest concern.

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