Preventing the Forward Contamination of Europa

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Preventing the Forward Contamination of Europa (2000)
Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications (CPSMA)
Space Studies Board (SSB)

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. "1 Planetary Protection Policies." Preventing the Forward Contamination of Europa. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2000.

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Preventing the Forward Contamination of Europa

¹⁰ Space Studies Board, National Research Council, Biological Contamination of Mars: Issues and Recommendations, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1992, page 47.

¹¹ D.L. DeVincenzi, P. Stabekis, and J. Barengoltz, “Refinement of Planetary Protection Policy for Mars Missions,” Advances in Space Research 18: 311, 1996.

¹² COSPAR, Decision No. 1/94, COSPAR Information Bulletin 131, 1994, page 30.

¹³ National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Space Science , Planetary Protection Provisions for Robotic Extraterrestrial Missions, NPG 8020.12B, Washington, D.C., 1999.

¹⁴ Viking '75 Project, Pre-launch Analysis of Probability of Planetary Contamination, Volumes II-A and II-B, M75-155-01 and M75-155-02, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., 1975.