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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2000. Re-evaluation of Drinking-Water Guidelines for Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9901.
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References

Aulerich, R.J., T.H. Coleman, D. Polin, R.K. Ringer, K.S. Howell, R.E. Jones, and T.J. Kavanaugh. 1979. Toxicology Study of Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate and Dicyclopentadiene in Mallard Ducks, Bobwhite Quail, and Mink. Final Report. Contract No. DAMD17-76-6054. Prepared for the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command by Poultry Science Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

Aulerich, R.J., D.C. Powell, and S.J. Bursian. 1999. Handbook of Biological Data for Mink. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University. 138 pp.

Bevan, C., T.R. Tyler, T.H. Gardiner, R.W. Kapp Jr, L. Andrews and B.K. Beyer. 1995. Two-generation reproduction toxicity study with isopropanol in rats. J. Appl. Toxicol. 15(2):117-123.

Bruss, M.L. 1989. Ketogenesis and ketosis. Pp. 86-105 in Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals, 4th Ed., J.J. Kaneko, ed. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

Bucci, T.J., W. Wustenberg, V. Perman, D.J. Weiss, J.C. Dacre, I.P. Baumel, and R.M. Parker. 1994. Subchronic oral toxicity study of diisopropyl methylphosphonate in mink. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 22:220-230.

Bucci, T.J., M.D. Mercieca, V. Perman, and D.J. Weiss. 1997. Two-Generation Reproductive Study in Mink Fed Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate (DIMP). Final Report. Study No. TP-001. Prepared for Remedial Planning and Monitoring Branch, Rocky Mountain Arsenal, Commerce City, CO, by Pathology Associates International, SAIC, Frederick, MD.

Calabrese, E.J., R.J. Aulerich, and G.A. Padgett. 1992. Mink as a predictive model in toxicology. Drug Metab. Rev. 24(4):559-578.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2000. Re-evaluation of Drinking-Water Guidelines for Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9901.
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Eagle, T.C., and J.S. Whitman. 1987. Mink. Pp. 614-625 in Wild Furbearer Management and Conservation in North America, M. Novak, J.A. Baker, M.E. Obbard, and B. Malloch, eds. Toronto: Ontario Trappers Association.

EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1997. Office of Pesticide Programs Science Policy on the Use of Data on Cholinesterase Inhibition for Risk Assessments of Organophosphate and Carbamate Pesticides. Prepared by W.F. Sette for the Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 30.

Gordon, L. and W.R. Hartley. 1992. Diisopropyl methylphosphonate. Pp. 1-49 in Drinking Water Health Advisory: Munitions, W.C. Roberts and W.R. Hartley, eds. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.

Hart, E.R. 1976. Mammalian Toxicological Evaluation of DIMP and DCPD. Final Report. Contract No. DAMD 17-75-C-5068. Prepared for the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command by Litton Bionetics, Inc., Kensington, MD.

Hart, E.R. 1980. Mammalian Toxicological Evaluation of DIMP and DCPD (Phase 2). Final Report. Contract No. DAMD 17-77-C-7003. Prepared for the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command by Litton Bionetics, Inc., Kensington, MD.

Kennedy, A.H. 1952. Mortality rate on fur farms in Ontario. Fur Trade J. Canad. 30(4):73.

NRC (National Research Council). 1990. Letter report regarding review of proposed standards for diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP) in drinking water to Colonel Frederick Erdtmann, chief, Preventive and Military Medicine, from Dr. John Doull, chairman, Committee on Toxicology, dated February 12, 1990

NRC (National Research Council). 1999. Review of the U.S. Army's Health Risk Assessment for Oral Exposure to Six Chemical-Warfare Agents. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Schneider, R.R., and D.B. Hunter. 1993. Nursing disease in mink: clinical and postmortem findings. Vet. Pathol. 30:512-521.

Sunqvist, C., A.G. Amador, and A. Bartke. 1989. Reproduction and fertility in the mink (Mustela vision). J. Reprod. Fertil. 85(2):413-441.

Tomson, F.N. 1987. Mink Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. 17(5): 1145-1153.

Tyl, R.W., L.W. Masten, M.C. Marr, C.B. Myers, R.W. Slauter, T.H. Gardiner, D.E. Strother, R.H. McKeea, and T.R. Tyler. 1994. Developmental toxicity evaluation of isopropanol by gavage in rats and rabbits. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 22(1): 139-151.

Weiss, D.J., R.S. Geary, W. Wustenberg, T.J. Bucci, V. Perman, I.P. Baumel, and J.C. Dacre. 1994. The comparative metabolism of diisopropyl methylphosphonate in mink and rats. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 27:420-425.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2000. Re-evaluation of Drinking-Water Guidelines for Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9901.
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Williams, T.M. 1998. Physiologicalal challenges in semi-aquatic animals: swimming against the energetic tide. Pp. 17-29 in Behaviour and Ecology of Riparian Mammals, N. Dunstone and M.L. Gorman, eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2000. Re-evaluation of Drinking-Water Guidelines for Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9901.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2000. Re-evaluation of Drinking-Water Guidelines for Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9901.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2000. Re-evaluation of Drinking-Water Guidelines for Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9901.
×
Page 28
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2000. Re-evaluation of Drinking-Water Guidelines for Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9901.
×
Page 29
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2000. Re-evaluation of Drinking-Water Guidelines for Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9901.
×
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Next: Appendix: Biographical Information on the Subcommittee on the Toxicity of Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate »
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Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate (DIMP) is a groundwater contaminant at the U.S. Army's Rocky Mountain Arsenal in Colorado. DIMP is a by-product created from the manufacture and detoxification of the nerve agent GB which the arsenal produced from 1953 to 1957. For awhile the Army and the State of Colorado disagreed upon the appropriate drinking-water contaminant guideline for DIMP. A drinking-water guideline of 600 micrograms per liter was established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1989 but the State of Colorado promulgated a lower guideline of 8 micrograms per liter. The significant difference between the two suggested values arose from the fact that both sides used different studies to determine their values. Colorado used one-generation reproductive toxicity study in mink, whereas EPA used a subchronic toxicity study in dogs.

To resolve the disagreement, a two-generation reproductive study in mink was conducted. The Army asked the National Research Council (NRC) to independently evaluate the 1997 study and re-evaluate the drinking-water guideline for DIMP. This task was assigned to the Committee on Toxicology, which established the Subcommittee on the Toxicity of Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate, a multidisciplinary group of experts. The subcommittee evaluated the two-generation reproductive study as well as other studies relevant to the task. Data on the use of mink as a predictive model in toxicology were also reviewed. Re-Evaluation of Drinking-Water Guidelines for Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate is the subcommittee's report which shows that neither party was corrected in their DIMP guidelines. The report includes the subcommittee's evaluation and recommendations concerning the topic.

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