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OCR for page 207
SUPPLEMENT 4
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
FROM 19 76 REPORT
Basic Biomedical Sciences
The Committee recommended a modest but signif icant
reduction of about J O percent from the EY 1975 level {6, 000)
in the number of federally funded predoctoral positions. It
was recommended that the number of postdoctoral positions be
maintained at the FY 1975 levee (3, 200) ~ Training grants
were urged as the pref erable mechanism of support at the
predoctora, level, whereas fed ~ owshiPs were recommended for
postdoctoral training.
Behaviora ~ Sciences
Fo r the behav iora ~ s ci enc ~ s the Committee r e coarse nde d
that a gradual but significant reorientation of training
ef fort should be initiated because of the growing need for
more specialized behavioral science training resulting from
increasingly complex research questions in the area of
behavior and health. Specifically, the Committee
r~co~r~nended that the existing ratio of 90 percent
predoctorals and ~ O percent postdoctorals should be
inverted, over a period of years, we th the us timate
ob deceive of a ra Rio of 30 percent predoctorals and 70
percent postdoctoral s. The Committee recommended that this
reorientation be achieved gradually in order to minimize
institutional dislocation. The levels recommended by FY
1978 were 55 percent predoctoral s and 45 postOc~ctorals. For
EY ~ 977 and EY ~ 978 the Committee recommended that the total
doll ar investment in behavioral science research training
stay constant. Thus, for FY ~ 977, it was recommended that
550 fewer predoctorals be supported than in FY 1975 ~1, 200
as compared with 1, 7 50) and that 3 2 ~ more postdoctoral
awards be supported then in FY ~ 975 (540 as compared with
2 ~ 2} . For training at both the predoctoral and postdoctoral
leve ~ it was recommended that the current ratio Of 82
percent traineeships to ~ ~ percent fellowships be
ma intained.
207
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Clinical Sciences
The committee recommended that 2, 800 trainees and
fell ows at the pose doctoral Revel be funded in FY 1977 and
that this level be maintained through FY ~ 978. This
represented a one--hird decrease from the peak level of
postdoctoral s funded ~ n PY ~ 9 69 (about 4, 20 0), when clinical
special ty traineeships and some clinical residencies were
also being funded, but a ~ O percent increase over the number
funded by NIH in FY 1975 (about 2, 550) .
Training grants were recommended as the support
mechanism of choice, e' though 20 percent total support
through fellowships was considered appropriate to provide
needed fl exibi~ ity. The Committee recommended that the
Medical Scientist Trai ring Program of NIH be expanded
slightly to provide for 600 trainees in FY ~ 977 (an increase
from 581 positions authorized in FY 1976 and 500 trainees
supported in FY ~ 975) .
Health Services Research
The Committee recommer~d the maintenance of the current
prog rams for hea Ith s e rvice s re sea rch trai Ding reported by
the NTH and ADAMHA. However, the Committee urged that the
HRA continue to serve as the primary locus for hea Ith
service s res march training and recommended that the emphasi s
in this area be shifted f rom predoc~oral to postdoctoral
training. It was recommended that training be provided
primarily through the training grant mechanism.
Announcement Fi elds
In view of the absence of pubs ished criteria, the
Committee questioned the validity of the distinction drawn
by the NIH in its announcements between fields that a re
appropriate for training grants and fields that are
appropriate for fell owships anti recommended that this
practice be discontinued.
The Committee also took the position that NRSA awards
fo r f el lowships and tra ining grants should be made solely on
the basis of qua lity within program cafgories deemed
re le vent to the nag i one 1 irate re st . The committee coul ~ f ind
no basis for determining that any particular sub ject matter
was not appropriate for funding. The Committee therefore
emphasized that i ts recommended reductions in certain areas
summarized above should not be achieved by categorical
exclusion or ~ imitator of specific fie, ds.
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Identification of Priority Training ]?i=~ds
After a careful review of the issue of identifying high-
priority tra in ing f ields, the Commi+-ee conch uded that ( 1 ~
on the basis of the information then availab~ e, designation
of special ty fields at the predoctora, level in the
biomedical s ciences was not warranted, ~ 2) greater emphasis
should b" placed on postdoctoral training ~ n research
relevant to the role of behavior in physical illness and
health, (3} primary emphasis in clinical sciences ~ ra ~ ning
should be given to training f or research on the etiology and
pathogenesis of disease, and (4 ~ the area of health services
re search receive emphasis across the end ire spectrum of
relevant training fields.
209
Representative terms from entire chapter:
postdoctoral training
