1

Summary of Findings,

18

2

Research Recommendations,

21

2.1

Demographic Characteristics of U.S. Gulf War Troops,

41

2.2

Most Frequent Symptoms and Diagnoses Among 53,835 Participants in the VA Registry (1992–1997),

42

2.3

Major Studies of Gulf War Veterans’ Symptoms and Syndromes,

46

2.4

Results of the Iowa Study,

49

4.1

Percentage of Uranium Isotopes by Weight,

90

4.2

Dissolution Types of Uranium Compounds,

95

4.3

Epidemiologic Studies of Uranium Processing Workers,

112

4.4

Studies with Overlapping Cohorts,

122

4.5

Methods of Radiation Exposure Measurement,

124

4.6

Methods of Comparing Heavily Exposed Workers with Less Exposed Workers,

127

4.7

Follow-up in Studies of Exposure to Uranium,

129

4.8

Mortality from All Forms of Cancer,

131

4.9

Lung Cancer Mortality,

132

4.10

Combined Effects of External and Internal Radiation Dose on Lung Cancer Mortality,

136

4.11

Dose–Response Relationship for Lung Cancer and Radiation Exposure,

139

4.12

Lymphatic Cancer Mortality,

144

4.13

Bone Cancer Mortality,

146

4.14

Nonmalignant Renal Disease Mortality,

148

4.15

Nonmalignant Neurologic Disease Mortality,

152

4.16

Nonmalignant Respiratory Disease Mortality,

155

5.1

Examples of Organophosphates,

170

5.2

Acute Cholinergic Syndrome,

171

5.3

Acute Lethality of Sarin Administered to Various Species,

179

5.4

Delayed Neurotoxicity of Sarin,

184

5.5

Relationship Between Sarin Exposure and Symptoms 3 Years After the Matsumoto Incident,

194

7.1

Vaccinations Prescribed for Military Personnel,

295

7.2

Vaccination and Testing Schedules,

300

C.1

Bibliographic Databases Searched,

340