Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment

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Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment (2000)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

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. "7 Specific Applications: Assessing Nutrient Intakes of Groups Using the Dietary Reference Intakes." Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2000.

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DRI DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES: Applications in Dietary Assessment

TABLE 7-1 Describing Nutrient Intakes of Children 4 through 8 Years of Age—Characteristics of Usual Nutrient Intake

		Nutrient Reference Intake^a			Usual Nutrient Intake*
Nutrient	Unit	EAR	RDA	AI	Mean Intake	Median Intake
Calcium	mg/d	NA^b	NA	800	838	808
Phosphorus	mg/d	405	500	NA	1,088	1,059
Magnesium	mg/d	110	130	NA	212	205
Thiamin	mg/d	0.5	0.6	NA	1.44	1.40
Riboflavin	mg/d	0.5	0.6	NA	1.91	1.84
Niacin	mg/d	6	8	NA	17.6	17.1
Vitamin B₆	mg/d	0.5	0.6	NA	1.53	1.48
Folate^c	μg/d	160	200	NA	232	221
Vitamin B¹²	μg/d	1.0	1.2	NA	3.83	3.62
Vitamin C	mg/d	22	25	NA	96.5	90.0
VitaminE^d^,^e	mg/d	6	7	NA	5.8	5.6
Selenium^e	μg/d	23	30	NA	86.8	85.0
^a EAR = Estimated Average Requirement; RDA = Recommended Dietary Allowance; AI = Adequate Intake. ^b NA = not applicable. ^c The EAR and RDA for folate are expressed as μg dietary folate equivalents (DFE). However, insufficient information was available to convert intake data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals to DFEs, thus for this example, folate intake is expressed in micrograms. ^d Mean and median intake expressed as mg of α-tocopherol. ^e Dietary intake data for selenium and vitamin E are from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994. SOURCE: 1994-1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals. * NOTE: Does not include intake from supplements.

APPLICATION 2: ASSESSING THE PREVALENCE OF INADEQUATE OR EXCESSIVE INTAKE

What proportion of the population has inadequate nutrient intake? What proportion of the population is at risk of excessive nutrient intake?

Data available: 24-hour dietary recall data on a nationally representative sample of individuals, with two or more nonconsecutive days of data collected for at least a subsample of individuals.