Caries prevention was based on the following studies that measured or calculated fluoride intake in children:

1. number of infants not given; aged 1–9 y (McClure, 1943)

2. calculated total daily fluoride intake for a typical infant at age 2, 4, and 6 mo using food analyses and caloric intake estimates (Singer and Ophaug, 1979)

3. calculated average daily fluoride intake for a typical 6-mo-old infant and 2-y-old child using U.S. Food and Drug Administration food consumption estimates and food analyses; calculations were done for four dietary regions in the United States (Ophaug et al., 1980a, b, 1985)

4. calculated fluoride intake from 24-h dietary recalls of 250 mothers as part of Nutrition Canada Survey (Dabeka et al., 1982)

Caries prevention was based on the following studies which measured or calculated fluoride intake in adults:

1. analyzed duplicate diets of 24 adults and determined mean dietary intake (Dabeka et al., 1987)

2. analyzed hospital diet; n=93 food items (Taves, 1983)

3. measured dietary intake of 10 adult male hospital patients (Spencer et al., 1981)

4. calculated total daily intake for typical males aged 15–19 y using food composition and consumption data (Singer et al., 1980, 1985)

5. determined average daily intake from analysis of hospital diet; n=287 diets (Osis et al., 1974)

6. calculated daily intake from food analyses of diets from 16 U.S. cities (Kramer et al., 1974)