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PAPERBACK + PDF your price: $41.00 add to cart PAPERBACK list:$34.95 Web:$31.46 add to cart HARDBACK list:$54.95 Web:$49.46 add to cart PDF BOOK your price: $27.00 add to cart Rights & Permissions Free Resources PDF Report Brief PDF EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Display this book on your site! Related Titles Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (Macronutrients) Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate Other Related Titles Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment (2000) Institute of Medicine (IOM) Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Page 284   E-mail  Facebook  Digg  Stumble  Twitter More The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. FOOD AND NUTRITION BOARD, INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE—NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES: TOLERABLE UPPER INTAKE LEVELS (ULa) Life Stage Group Calcium (g/d) Phosphorus (g/d) Magnesium (mg/d)b Vitamin D (μg/d) Fluoride (mg/d) Infants 0–6 mo NDe ND ND 25 0.7 7–12 mo ND ND ND 25 0.9 Children 1–3 y 2.5 3 65 50 1.3 4–8 y 2.5 3 110 50 2.2 Males, Females 9–13 y 2.5 4 350 50 10 14–18 y 2.5 4 350 50 10 19–70 y 2.5 4 350 50 10 > 70 y 2.5 3 350 50 10 Pregnancy ≤ 18 y 2.5 3.5 350 50 10 19–50 y 2.5 3.5 350 50 10 Lactation ≤ 18 y 2.5 4 350 50 10 19–50 y 2.5 4 350 50 10 a UL = The maximum level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse effects. Unless otherwise specified, the UL represents total intake from food, water, and supplements. Due to lack of suitable data, ULs could not be established for thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, or any carotenoids. In the absence of ULs, extra caution may be warranted in consuming levels above recommended intakes. b The ULs for magnesium represent intake from a pharmacological agent only and do not include intake from food and water. Page 284 Front Matter (R1-R14) Contents (R15-R18) Summary (1-18) I. Historical Perspective and Background (19-20) 1 Introduction and Background (21-28) 2 Current Uses of Dietary Reference Standards (29-42) II. Application of DRIs for Individual Diet Assessment (43-44) 3 Using Dietary Reference Intakes for Nutrient Assessment of Individuals (45-70) III. Application of DRIs for Group Diet Assessment (71-72) 4 Using the Estimated Average Requirement for Nutrient Assessment of Groups (73-105) 5 Using the Adequate Intake for Nutrient Assessment of Groups (106-112) 6 Using the Tolerable Upper Intake Level for Nutrient Assessment of Groups (113-126) 7 Specific Applications: Assessing Nutrient Intakes of Groups Using the Dietary Reference Intakes (127-144) IV. Fine-Tuning Dietary Assessment Using the DRIs (145-146) 8 Minimizing Potential Errors in Assessing Group and Individual Intakes (147-161) 9 Research Recommended to Improve the Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes (162-167) 10 References (168-178) Appendix A: Origin and Framework of the Development of Dietary Reference Intakes (179-184) Appendix B: Nutrient Assessment of Individuals: Statistical Foundations (185-202) Appendix C: Assessing Prevalence of Inadequate Intakes for Groups: Statistical Foundations (203-210) Appendix D: Assessing the Performance of the EAR Cut-Point Method for Estimating Prevalence (211-231) Appendix E: Units of Observation: Assessing Nutrient Adequacy Using Household and Population Data (232-238) Appendix F: Rationale for Setting Adequate Intakes (239-253) Appendix G: Glossary and Abbreviations (254-261) Appendix H: Biographical Sketches of Subcommittee Members (262-266) Index (267-281) Summary Table: Estimated Average Requirements (282-283) Summary Table: Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (284-286) Summary Table: Recommended Intakes for Individuals (287-289)

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OCR for page 284
DRI DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES: Applications in Dietary Assessment FOOD AND NUTRITION BOARD, INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE—NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES: TOLERABLE UPPER INTAKE LEVELS (ULa) Life Stage Group Calcium (g/d) Phosphorus (g/d) Magnesium (mg/d)b Vitamin D (μg/d) Fluoride (mg/d) Infants 0–6 mo NDe ND ND 25 0.7 7–12 mo ND ND ND 25 0.9 Children 1–3 y 2.5 3 65 50 1.3 4–8 y 2.5 3 110 50 2.2 Males, Females 9–13 y 2.5 4 350 50 10 14–18 y 2.5 4 350 50 10 19–70 y 2.5 4 350 50 10 > 70 y 2.5 3 350 50 10 Pregnancy ≤ 18 y 2.5 3.5 350 50 10 19–50 y 2.5 3.5 350 50 10 Lactation ≤ 18 y 2.5 4 350 50 10 19–50 y 2.5 4 350 50 10 a UL = The maximum level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse effects. Unless otherwise specified, the UL represents total intake from food, water, and supplements. Due to lack of suitable data, ULs could not be established for thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, or any carotenoids. In the absence of ULs, extra caution may be warranted in consuming levels above recommended intakes. b The ULs for magnesium represent intake from a pharmacological agent only and do not include intake from food and water.

OCR for page 285
DRI DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES: Applications in Dietary Assessment Niacin (mg/d)c Vitamin B6 (mg/d) Folate (μg/d)c Choline (g/d) Vitamin C (mg/d) Vitamin E (mg/d)d Selenium (μg/d) ND ND ND ND ND ND 45 ND ND ND ND ND ND 60 10 30 300 1.0 400 200 90 15 40 400 1.0 650 300 150 20 60 600 2.0 1,200 600 280 30 80 800 3.0 1,800 800 400 35 100 1,000 3.5 2,000 1,000 400 35 100 1,000 3.5 2,000 1,000 400 30 80 800 3.0 1,800 800 400 35 100 1,000 3.5 2,000 1,000 400 30 80 800 3.0 1,800 800 400 35 100 1,000 3.5 2,000 1,000 400 c The ULs for niacin, folate, and vitamin E apply to synthetic forms obtained from supplements, fortified foods, or a combination of the two. d As α-tocopherol; applies to any form of supplemental α-tocopherol. e ND = Not determinable due to lack of data of adverse effects in this age group and concern with regard to lack of ability to handle excess amounts. Source of intake should be from food only to prevent high levels of intake. Copyright 2000 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

OCR for page 286
DRI DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES: Applications in Dietary Assessment This page in the original is blank.

Representative terms from entire chapter:

include intake