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Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment (2000)

Chapter: Summary Table: Tolerable Upper Intake Levels

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Suggested Citation:"Summary Table: Tolerable Upper Intake Levels." Institute of Medicine. 2000. Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9956.
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FOOD AND NUTRITION BOARD, INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE—NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES: TOLERABLE UPPER INTAKE LEVELS (ULa)

Life Stage Group

Calcium (g/d)

Phosphorus (g/d)

Magnesium (mg/d)b

Vitamin D (μg/d)

Fluoride (mg/d)

Infants

0–6 mo

NDe

ND

ND

25

0.7

7–12 mo

ND

ND

ND

25

0.9

Children

1–3 y

2.5

3

65

50

1.3

4–8 y

2.5

3

110

50

2.2

Males, Females

9–13 y

2.5

4

350

50

10

14–18 y

2.5

4

350

50

10

19–70 y

2.5

4

350

50

10

> 70 y

2.5

3

350

50

10

Pregnancy

≤ 18 y

2.5

3.5

350

50

10

19–50 y

2.5

3.5

350

50

10

Lactation

≤ 18 y

2.5

4

350

50

10

19–50 y

2.5

4

350

50

10

a UL = The maximum level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse effects. Unless otherwise specified, the UL represents total intake from food, water, and supplements. Due to lack of suitable data, ULs could not be established for thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, or any carotenoids. In the absence of ULs, extra caution may be warranted in consuming levels above recommended intakes.

b The ULs for magnesium represent intake from a pharmacological agent only and do not include intake from food and water.

Suggested Citation:"Summary Table: Tolerable Upper Intake Levels." Institute of Medicine. 2000. Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9956.
×

Niacin (mg/d)c

Vitamin B6 (mg/d)

Folate (μg/d)c

Choline (g/d)

Vitamin C (mg/d)

Vitamin E (mg/d)d

Selenium (μg/d)

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

45

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

60

10

30

300

1.0

400

200

90

15

40

400

1.0

650

300

150

20

60

600

2.0

1,200

600

280

30

80

800

3.0

1,800

800

400

35

100

1,000

3.5

2,000

1,000

400

35

100

1,000

3.5

2,000

1,000

400

30

80

800

3.0

1,800

800

400

35

100

1,000

3.5

2,000

1,000

400

30

80

800

3.0

1,800

800

400

35

100

1,000

3.5

2,000

1,000

400

c The ULs for niacin, folate, and vitamin E apply to synthetic forms obtained from supplements, fortified foods, or a combination of the two.

d As α-tocopherol; applies to any form of supplemental α-tocopherol.

e ND = Not determinable due to lack of data of adverse effects in this age group and concern with regard to lack of ability to handle excess amounts. Source of intake should be from food only to prevent high levels of intake.

Copyright 2000 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Suggested Citation:"Summary Table: Tolerable Upper Intake Levels." Institute of Medicine. 2000. Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9956.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Summary Table: Tolerable Upper Intake Levels." Institute of Medicine. 2000. Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9956.
×
Page 284
Suggested Citation:"Summary Table: Tolerable Upper Intake Levels." Institute of Medicine. 2000. Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9956.
×
Page 285
Suggested Citation:"Summary Table: Tolerable Upper Intake Levels." Institute of Medicine. 2000. Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9956.
×
Page 286
Next: Summary Table: Recommended Intakes for Individuals »
Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment Get This Book
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Since 1994 the Institute of Medicine's Food and Nutrition Board has been involved in developing an expanded approach to developing dietary reference standards. This approach, the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), provides a set of four nutrient-based reference values designed to replace the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) in the United States and the Recommended Nutrient Intakes (RNIs) in Canada. These reference values include Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), Adequate Intake (AI), and Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL). To date, several volumes in this series have been published.

This new book, Applications in Dietary Assessment, provides guidance to nutrition and health research professionals on the application of the new DRIs. It represents both a "how to" manual and a "why" manual. Specific examples of both appropriate and inappropriate uses of the DRIs in assessing nutrient adequacy of groups and of individuals are provided, along with detailed statistical approaches for the methods described. In addition, a clear distinction is made between assessing individuals and assessing groups as the approaches used are quite different. Applications in Dietary Assessment will be an essential companion to any-or all-of the DRI volumes.

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