 |
Questions? Call 888-624-8373 |
|
PDF CHAPTERS
your price: $2.70
select
|
|
|
The following HTML text is provided to enhance online
readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML.
Please use the page image
as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy.
Page 185
References
~ enlarge ~
Abramson, P.R., and
R.F. Inglehart.
1995.
Value Change in Global Perspective.
University of Michigan Press,
Ann Arbor.
Ackley, D., and
D. Witherell.
1999. Development of a marine habitat protection area in Bristol Bay, Alaska.
Pp. 511-526
in
Alaska Sea Grant College Program: Ecosystem Approaches for Fisheries Management.
AK-SG-99-01.
Alaska Sea Grant College Program,
Fairbanks.
Adams, D.
1993.
Renewable Resource Policy: The Legal-Institutional Foundations.
Island Press,
Washington, D.C.
Adlerstein, S.A., and
R.J. Trumble.
1998. Size-specific dynamics of Pacific halibut: a key to reduce bycatch in the groundfish fishery.
International Pacific Halibut Commission Technical Report
No. 39.
Agardy, T.
1994. Advances in marine conservation: The role of marine protected areas.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
9:
267-270.
Agardy, T.S.
1997.
Marine Protected Areas and Ocean Conservation.
Academic Press and R.G. Landes Co.,
Georgetown, Texas.
Agardy, T.S.
2000. Effects of fisheries on marine ecosystems: A conservationist's perspective.
ICES Journal of Marine Science
57(3):
761-765.
Alcala, A.C.
1988. Effects of marine reserves on coral fish abundances and yields of Philippine coral reefs.
Ambio
17:
194-199.
Alcala, A.C., and
G.R. Russ.
1990. A direct test of the effects of protective management on abundance and yield of tropical marine resources.
Journal du Conseil
47(1):
40-47.
Alcala, A.C., and
A.T. White.
1984. Options for management. Pp. in
R.A. Kenchington and
B.E.T. Hudson (eds.),
Coral Reef Management Handbook.
UNESCO,
Jakarta, Indonesia.
Allison, G.,
J. Lubchenco, and
M. Carr.
1998. Marine reserves are necessary but not sufficient for marine conservation.
Ecological Applications
8(1):
S79-S92.
Allison, G.W.,
S. Gaines,
J. Lubchenco, and
H. Possingham. In review.
Ensuring persistence of marine reserves: Catastrophes require adopting an insurance factor.
Ecological Applications.
|
|
|
|
|
Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page 185
Page 185
References
~ enlarge ~
Abramson, P.R., and
R.F. Inglehart.
1995.
Value Change in Global Perspective.
University of Michigan Press,
Ann Arbor.
Ackley, D., and
D. Witherell.
1999. Development of a marine habitat protection area in Bristol Bay, Alaska.
Pp. 511-526
in
Alaska Sea Grant College Program: Ecosystem Approaches for Fisheries Management.
AK-SG-99-01.
Alaska Sea Grant College Program,
Fairbanks.
Adams, D.
1993.
Renewable Resource Policy: The Legal-Institutional Foundations.
Island Press,
Washington, D.C.
Adlerstein, S.A., and
R.J. Trumble.
1998. Size-specific dynamics of Pacific halibut: a key to reduce bycatch in the groundfish fishery.
International Pacific Halibut Commission Technical Report
No. 39.
Agardy, T.
1994. Advances in marine conservation: The role of marine protected areas.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
9:
267-270.
Agardy, T.S.
1997.
Marine Protected Areas and Ocean Conservation.
Academic Press and R.G. Landes Co.,
Georgetown, Texas.
Agardy, T.S.
2000. Effects of fisheries on marine ecosystems: A conservationist's perspective.
ICES Journal of Marine Science
57(3):
761-765.
Alcala, A.C.
1988. Effects of marine reserves on coral fish abundances and yields of Philippine coral reefs.
Ambio
17:
194-199.
Alcala, A.C., and
G.R. Russ.
1990. A direct test of the effects of protective management on abundance and yield of tropical marine resources.
Journal du Conseil
47(1):
40-47.
Alcala, A.C., and
A.T. White.
1984. Options for management. Pp. in
R.A. Kenchington and
B.E.T. Hudson (eds.),
Coral Reef Management Handbook.
UNESCO,
Jakarta, Indonesia.
Allison, G.,
J. Lubchenco, and
M. Carr.
1998. Marine reserves are necessary but not sufficient for marine conservation.
Ecological Applications
8(1):
S79-S92.
Allison, G.W.,
S. Gaines,
J. Lubchenco, and
H. Possingham. In review.
Ensuring persistence of marine reserves: Catastrophes require adopting an insurance factor.
Ecological Applications.
OCR for page 186
Page 186
Alverson, D.L.,
M.H. Freeberg,
S.A. Murawski, and
J.G. Pope.
1994.
A Global Assessment of Fisheries Bycatch and Discards.
FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 339.
Food and Agriculture Organization,
Rome.
Ames, E.P.
1998.
Cod and haddock spawning grounds in the Gulf of Maine.
Island Institute,
Rockland, Maine.
Anderson, E.D.,
R.K. Mayo,
K. Sosebee,
M. Terceiro, and
S.E. Wigley.
1999. Northeast demersal fisheries.
Pp. 89-97
in
Our Living Oceans: A Report on the Status of U.S. Living Marine Resources, 1999.
U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C.
Attwood, C.G., and
B.A. Bennett.
1994. Variation in dispersal of galjoen (Coracinus capensis) (Teleostei: Coracinidae) from a marine reserve.
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science
51:
1247-1257.
Attwood, C.G., and
B.A. Bennett.
1995. Modeling the effect of marine reserves on the recreational shore-fishery of the south-western cape, South Africa.
South African Journal of Marine Science
16:
227-240.
Attwood, C.G.,
J.M. Harris, and
A.J. Williams.
1997. International experience of marine protected areas and their relevance to South Africa.
South African Journal of Marine Science
18:
311-332.
Ault, J.S.,
J.A. Bohnsack, and
G.A. Meester.
1998. A retrospective (1979-1996) multispecies assessment of coral reef fish stocks in the Florida Keys.
Fishery Bulletin
96(3):
395-414.
Babcock, R.C.,
S. Kelly,
N.T. Shears,
J.W. Walker, and
T.J. Willis.
1999. Large-scale habitat change in temperate marine reserves.
Marine Ecology Progress Series
189:
125-134.
Baker, A.
2000. Supreme Court to consider Glacier Bay appeal.
Pacific Fishing
21(8):
16.
Ballantine, W.J.
1991.
Marine Reserves for New Zealand.
Leigh Laboratory Bulletin 25.
University of Auckland.
New Zealand.
Ballantine, W.J.
1997. Design principles for systems of “no-take” marine reserves.
Workshop on the Design and Monitoring of Marine Reserves, February 18-20.
Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia.
Canada.
Bannerot, S.P.
1984.
The dynamics of exploited groupers (Serranidae): An investigation of the protogynous hermaphroditic reproductive strategy.
Ph.D. dissertation.
University of Miami, Coral Gables.
Fla.
Barber, P.,
S.R. Palumbi,
M. Erdmann, and
K. Moosa.
2000. A marine Wallace's line.
Nature
406:
692-693.
Barry, J.P.,
C.H. Baxter,
R.D. Sagarin, and
S.E. Gilman.
1995. Climate-related, long-term faunal changes in a California rocky intertidal community.
Science
267:
198-201.
Baumol, W., and
W. Oates.
1988.
The Theory of Environmental Policy.
Cambridge University Press.
Cambridge, U.K.
Bayle-Sempere, J.T.,
A.A. Ramos-Espla, and
J.A. Garcia Charton.
1994. Intra-annual variability of an artificial reef fish assemblage in the marine reserve of Tabarca (Alicante, Spain, SW Mediterranean).
Bulletin of Marine Science
55:
824-835.
Beets, J., and
A. Friedlander.
1992. Stock analysis and management strategies for the red hind, Epinephelus guttatus, in the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Pp. 66-79.n
Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, Jamaica, 1989.
Beets, J., and
A. Friedlander,
1999. Evaluation of a conservation strategy: A spawning aggregation closure for red hind, Epinephelu guttatus, in the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Environmental Biology of Fishes
55:
91-98.
Bell, J.D.
1983. Effects of depth and marine reserve fishing restrictions on the structure of a rocky reef fish assemblage in the north-western Mediterranean Sea.
Journal of Applied Ecology
20:
357-369.
Bennett, B.A., and
C.G. Attwood.
1991. Evidence for recovery of a surf-zone fish assemblage following the establishment of a marine reserve on the southern coast of South Africa.
Marine Ecology Progress Series
75(2-3):
173-181.
OCR for page 187
Page 187
Bennett, B.A., and
C.G. Attwood.
1993. Shore-angling catches in the De Hoop Nature Reserve, South Africa, and further evidence for the protective value of marine reserves.
South African Journal of Marine Science
13:
213-222.
Bennett, J.W.
1984. Using direct questioning to value the existence benefits of preserved natural areas.
Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics
28(2, 3):
136-152.
Bertness, M., and
S. Gaines.
1993. Larval dispersal and local adaptation in acorn barnacles.
Evolution
47(1):
316.
Beverton, R.J.H., and
S.J. Holt.
1957.
On the Dynamics of Exploited Fish Populations.
Chapman & Hall.
New York.
533 p.
Bingham, B.L.
1992. Life histories in an epifaunal community—coupling of adult and larval processes.
Ecology
73:
(6) 2244-2259.
Black, K.P.
1993. The relative importance of local retention and inter-reef dispersal of neutrally buoyant material on coral reefs.
Coral Reefs
12(1):
43.
Block, B.A.,
H. Dewar,
T. Williams,
E.D. Prince,
C.D. Farwell, and
D. Fudge.
1998a. A new satellite technology for tracking the movements of Atlantic bluefin tuna.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA
95:
9384-9389.
Block, B.A.,
H. Dewar,
T. Williams,
E. Prince, and
C.D. Farwell.
1998b. The use of archival, acoustic, and satellite tags on tuna.
Marine Technological Society Journal
32:
37-46.
Bockstael, C.F.,
N.M. Hanemann, and
C. Kling.
1987. Estimating the value of water quality improvements.
Water Resources Research
23
:
951-960
.
Boehlert, G.W.
1996. Larval dispersal and survival in tropical reef fishes.
Pp. 61-84 in
N.V.C. Polunin and
C.M. Roberts (eds.),
Reef Fisheries.
Chapman and Hall.
London.
Bohnsack, J.A.
1990. How marine fishery reserves can improve reef fisheries.
Pp. 217-241 in
M.H. Goodwin,
G.T. Waugh, and
M.J. Butler (eds.),
Proceedings of the 43rd Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute.
Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute.
Charleston, S.C.
Bohnsack, J.A.
1992. Reef resource protection: The forgotten factor.
Marine Recreational Fisheries
14:
117-129.
Bohnsack, J.A.
1996. Maintenance and recovery of reef fishery productivity.
Pp. 283-313 in
N.V.C. Polunin and
C.M. Roberts (eds.),
Reef Fisheries.
Chapman and Hall.
London.
Bohnsack, J.A.
1998. Application of marine reserves to reef fisheries.
Australian Journal of Ecology
23:
298-304.
Botsford, L.W.,
J.C. Castilla, and
C.H. Pearson.
1997. The management of fisheries and marine ecosystems.
Science
277
:
509-515
.
Botsford, L.W.,
L.E. Morgan,
D.R. Lockwood, and
J.E. Wilen.
1999. Marine reserves and management of the northern California red sea urchin fishery.
California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports
40:
87-93.
Braden, J., and
C. Kolstad.
1991.
Measuring the Demand for Environmental Quality.
Elsevier Science.
Amersterdam.
Bradbury, A.
1990. Management of the commercial dive fisheries for sea urchins and sea cucumbers.
Pp. 56-65 in
J.W. Armstrong and
A.E. Copping (eds.),
Status and Management of Puget Sound's Biological Resources.
EPA 910/9-90-001.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Seattle, WA.
Bradbury, A.
1991. Management and stock assessment of the red sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus
franciscanus) in Washington State: Periodic rotation of the fishing grounds.
Journal of Shellfish Research
10:
233 (abstract only).
Brander, K.
1981. Disappearance of common skate Raja batis from the Irish Sea.
Nature
290(5801):
48-49.
Brookshire, D.,
B. Ives, and
W. Schulze.
1976. The valuation of aesthetic preferences.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
3(4):
325-346.
Brown, B.
1997. Coral bleaching: Causes and consequences.
Proceedings from the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium
1:
65-74.
OCR for page 188
Page 188
Brown, G., and
R. Mendelsohn.
1984. The hedonic travel cost model.
Review of Economics and Statistics
66:
427-433.
Bustamante, R.H., and
J.C. Castilla.
1990. Impact of human exploitation on populations of the intertidal southern bullkelp Durvillae antarctica (Phaeophyta, Durvilleales) in central Chile.
Biological Conservation
52:
205-220.
Bustamante, R.H.,
G.M. Branch, and
S. Eeekhout.
1995. Maintenance of an exceptional grazer biomass on South African intertidal shores: Trophic subsidy by subtidal kelps.
Ecology
76:
2314-2329.
Bustamante, R.H.,
P. Martinez,
F. Rivera,
R. Bensted-Smith, and
L. Vinueza.
1999. A proposal for the initial zoning scheme of the Galapagos Marine Reserve.
Charles Darwin Research Station Technical Report,
October.
Buxton, C.D.
1993. Marine reserves—The way ahead.
Pp. 170-174
in
Fish, Fishers, and Fisheries: Proceedings of the 2nd South African Marine Linefish Symposium, 23-24 Oct 1992,
L.E. Beckley and
R.P. Van der Elst, eds.,
Oceanographic Research Institute,
Durban.
Buxton, C.D., and
M.J. Smale.
1989. Abundance and distribution patterns of three temperate marine reef fish (Teleostei: Sparidae) in exploited and unexploited areas off the southern Cape coast.
Journal of Applied Ecology
26:
441-451.
Caddy, J.F.
2000. Marine catchment basin effects versus impacts of fisheries on semi-enclosed seas.
ICES Journal of Marine Science
57:
628-640.
California Resources Agency.
1997.
California's Ocean Resources: An Agenda for the Future.
California Resources Agency,
Sacramento.
California Resources Agency.
2000.
Improving California's System of Marine Managed Areas: Final Report of the State Interagency Marine Managed Areas Workgroup.
California Resources Agency,
Sacramento.
Camber, C.I.
1955. A survey of the red snapper fishery of the Gulf of Mexico, with special reference to the Campeche Banks.
Florida Board on Conservation Technical Series No. 12.
Marine Laboratory, University of Miami,
Coral Gables, FL.
Campana, S.E.
1999. Chemistry and composition of fish otoliths: Pathways, mechanisms and applications.
Marine Ecology Progress Series
188:
263-297.
Campana, S.E.,
J.A. Gagné, and
J.W. McLaren.
1995. Elemental fingerprinting of fish otoliths using ID-ICPMS.
Marine Ecology Progress Series
122:
115-120.
Campana, S.E.,
G.A. Chouinard,
J.M. Hanson,
A. Frechet, and
J. Brattey.
2000. Otolith elemental fingerprints as biological tracers of fish stocks.
Fisheries Research
46:
343-357.
Carlton, J.T.
1992. Dispersal of living organisms into aquatic ecosystems as mediated by aquaculture and fisheries activities.
Pp. 13-45
in
A. Rosenfield and
Roger Mann (eds.),
Dispersal of Living Organisms into Aquatic Ecosystems.
Maryland Sea Grant Publication,
College Park.
Carlton, J.T.
1993. Neoextinctions of marine invertebrates.
American Zoologist
33:
499-509.
Carr, M.H., and
P.T. Raimondi.
1998. Concepts relevant to the design and evaluation of fishery reserves.
Pp. 27-31
in
M.M. Yoklavich (ed.),
Marine Harvest Refugia for West Coast Rockfish: A Workshop.
NOAA Technical Memorandum. NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-225.
U.S. Department of Commerce,
Pacific Grove, CA.
Carr, M.H., and
D.C. Reed.
1993. Conceptual issues relevant to marine harvest refuges: Examples from temperate reef fishes.
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science
50:
2019-2028.
Carson, R.T.,
R.C. Mitchell,
W.M. Hanemann,
S. Presser,
R.J. Kopp, and
P.A. Ruud.
1992.
A contingent valuation study of lost passive use values resulting from the Exxon Valdez oil spill, a report to the Attorney General of the State of Alaska, November 10, 1992.
Carlton, J.T.,
D.P. Cheney, and
G.J. Vermeij.
1982. Ecological effects and biogeography of an introduced marine species: The periwinkle, Littorina littorea.
Malacological Review
15:
143-150.
Carter, J., and
G.R. Sedberry.
1997. The design, function and use of marine fishery reserves as tools for the management and conservation of the Belize barrier reef.
Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium
2:
1911-1916.
OCR for page 189
Page 189
Casey, J.M., and
R.A. Myers.
1998 . Near extinction of a large widely distributed fish.
Science
281:
690-692.
Castilla, J.C.
1993. Humans: Capstone strong actors in the past and present coastal ecology play.
Pp. 158-162.n
M.I. McDonnell and
S.T.A Pickett (eds.),
Humans as Components of Ecosystems.
Springer-Verlag,
New York.
Castilla, J.C.
1999. Coastal marine communities: Trends and perspectives from human exclusion experiments.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
14:
280-283.
Castilla, J.C., and
L.R. Durán.
1985. Human exclusion from the rocky intertidal zone of southern Chile: The effects on Concholepas concholepas (Gastropoda).
Oikos
45:
391-399.
Castilla, J.C., and
M.A. Varas.
1998. A plankton trap for exposed rocky intertidal shores.
Marine Biology Progress Series
175:
299-305.
Chadwick, D.H.
2000. The Samoan way.
National Geographic
198(1):
72-89.
Chapin, F.S. III,
E.S. Zavaleta,
V.T. Eviner,
R.L. Naylor,
P.M. Vitousek,
H.L. Reynolds,
D.U. Hooper,
S. Lavorel,
O.E. Sala,
S.E. Hobbie,
M.C. Mack, and
S. Diaz.
2000. Consequences of changing biodiversity.
Nature
405(6783):
234-242.
Cicin-Sain, B., and
R.W. Knecht.
1998.
Integrated Coastal and Ocean Management: Concepts and Practices.
Island Press,
Washington, D.C.
Cisneros-Mata, M. A.,
L. W. Botsford, and
J. F. Quinn.
1997. Projecting viability of Totoaba macdonaldi, a population with unknown age-dependent variability.
Ecological Applications
7:
968-980.
Clark, C.W.
1996. Marine reserves and the precautionary management of fisheries.
Ecological Applications
6:
369-370.
Clark, J.R.
1998.
Coastal Seas: The Conservation Challenge.
Blackwell Science,
Oxford, U.K.
Clark, J.R.,
Causey, B., and
J.A. Bohnsack.
1989. Benefits from coral reef protection: Looe Key Reef, Florida.
Pp. 3076-3086.n
O.T. Magoon,
H. Converse,
D. Minor,
L.T. Tobin, and
D. Clark (eds.),
Coastal Zone '89. Proceedings of the 6th Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management, Charleston, S.C., July 11-14.
American Society of Civil Engineers,
New York.
Clark, P.A.
1995. Evaluation and management of propeller damage to seagrass beds in Tampa Bay, Florida.
Special Publication of Florida Scientist
58(2):
193-196.
Clark, W.G.
1999. Effects of an erroneous natural mortality rate on a simple age-structured stock assessment.
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
10:
1721-1731.
Clark, W.G., and
S.R. Hare.
1998. Accounting for bycatch in management of the Pacific halibut fishery.
North American Journal of Fisheries Management
18:
809-821.
Cole, R.G.,
T.M. Ayling, and
R.G. Creese.
1980. Effects of marine reserve protection at Goat Island, northern New Zealand.
New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research
24:
197-210.
Cole, R.G.,
T.M. Ayling, and
R.G. Creese.
1990. Effects of marine reserve protection at Goat Island, northern New Zealand.
New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research
24 (2):
197-210.
Coleman, F.C.,
C.C. Koenig, and
L.A. Collins.
1996. Reproductive styles of shallow-water groupers (Pisces: Serranidae) in the eastern Gulf of Mexico and the consequences of fishing spawning aggregations.
Environmental Biology of Fishes
47:
129-141.
Coleman, F.C., and
J. Travis. In review. Essential fish habitat and marine reserves: A review of the papers emanating from the Second Mote Symposium on Fisheries Ecology.
Ecological Applications.
Coleman, F.C.,
C.C. Koenig,
A.M. Eklund, and
C.B. Grimes.
1999. Management and conservation of temperate reef fishes in the grouper-snapper complex of the southeastern United States.
American Fisheries Society Symposium.
23:
233-242.
Coleman, F. C.,
C. C. Koenig,
G. R. Huntsman,
J. A. Musick,
A. M. Eklund,
J. C. McGovern,
G. R. Sedberry,
R. W. Chapman, and
C. Grimes.
2000. Long-lived reef fishes: The grouper-snapper complex.
AFS Policy Statement #31c.
American Fisheries Society.
Bethesda, MD..(also available on-line at
http://www.fisheries.org/Public_Affairs/Policy_Statements/pol_groupersnapper.htm..
OCR for page 190
Page 190
Colin, P. L.
1992. Reproduction of the Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus (Pisces: Serranidae) and its relationship to environmental conditions.
Environmental Biology of Fishes
34:
357-377.
Collie, J.S.,
G.A. Escanero,
P.C. Valentine.
1997. Effects of bottom fishing on the benthic megafauna of Georges bank.
Marine Ecology Progress Series
155:
159-172.
Conover, D.O.,
J. Travis, and
F.C. Coleman.
2000. Essential fish habitat and marine reserves: An introduction to the Second Mote Symposium in Fisheries Ecology.
Bulletin of Marine Science
66(3):
527-534.
Cote, D.,
D.A. Scruton,
G.H. Niezgoda,
R.S. McKinley,
D.F. Rowsell,
R.T. Lindstrom,
L.M.N Ollerhead, and
C.J. Whitt.
1998. A coded acoustic telemetry system for high precision monitoring of fish location and movement: Application to the study of nearshore nursery habitat ofjuvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua).
Marine Technological Society Journal
32:
54-62.
Cowen, R.K.,
K.M.M. Lwiza,
S. Sponaugle,
C.B. Paris, and
D.B. Olson.
2000. Connectivity of marine populations: Open or close?
Science
287:
857-859.
Crisp, D.J.
1958. The spread of Elminius modestus Darwin in northwest Europe.
Journal of Marine Biology Associations
37:
483-520.
Crowder, L.B.,
S.J. Lyman,
W.F. Figueira, and
J. Priddy.
2000. Source-sink population dynamics and the problem of siting marine reserves.
Bulletin of Marine Science
66(3):
799-820.
Cubbage, F.W.,
J. O'Laughlin, and
C.S. Bullock III.
1993.
Forest Resource Policy.
John Wiley & Sons,
New York.
Cushing, D.H.
1975.
Marine Ecology and Fisheries.
Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, U.K.
Cushing, D.H.
1988.
The Provident Sea.
Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, U.K.
Daan, N.
1993. Simulation study of effects of closed areas to all fishing, with particular reference to the North Sea ecosystem.
Pp. 252-258
in
K. Sherman,
L.M. Alexander, and
B.D. Gold (eds.),
Large Marine Ecosystems: Stress, Mitigation and Sustainability.
American Association for the Advancement of Science Press,
Washington, D.C.
Daily, G.C.,
J.S. Reichert, and
J.P. Myers (eds.).
1997.
Nature's Services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems.
Island Press,
Washington, D.C.
Daily, G.C.,
T. Soderqvist,
S. Aniyar,
K. Arrow,
P. Dasgupta,
P.R. Ehrlich,
C. Folke,
A.M. Jansson,
B-O. Jansson,
N. Kautsky,
S.A. Levin,
J. Lubchenco,
K-G. Maler,
D. Simpson,
D. Starrett,
D. Tilman, and
B. Walker.
2000. The value of nature and the nature of value.
Science
289:
395-396.
Davis, A.R.
1995. Over-exploitation of Pyura chilensis (Ascidiacea) in southern Chile—the urgent need to establish marine reserves.
Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
68:
107-116.
Davis, G.E.
1977. Effects of recreational harvest on a spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, population.
Bulletin of Marine Science
27(2):
223-236.
Davis, G.E.
1998. Seeking sanctuaries.
National Parks
72(11-12):
41-42
Davis, R.
1963. Recreation planning as an economic problem.
Natural Resources Journal
3(2):
239-249.
Dayton, P.D., and
M.J. Tegner,
1990. Bottoms below troubled waters: benthic impacts of the 1982-84 El Niño Southern Oscillation in the temperate zone.
Pp. 433-472
in
P. Glynn (ed.),
Global consequences of the 1982-83 El Niño Southern Oscillation.
Elsevier Oceanography Series 52.
Elsevier,
Amsterdam.
Dayton, P.K.,
S.F. Thrush,
M.T. Agardy, and
R.J. Hofman.
1995. Environmental effects of marine fishing.
Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems
5:
205-232.
Dayton, P.K.,
M.J. Tegner,
P.B. Edwards, and
K.L. Riser.
1998. Sliding baselines, ghosts, and reduced expectations in kelp forest communities.
Ecological Applications
8:
309-322.
Dayton, P.,
E. Sala,
M.J. Tegner, and
S. Thrush.
2000. Marine reserves: Parks, baselines, and fishery enhancement.
Bulletin of Marine Science
66(3):
617-634.
de Forges, B.R.,
J.A. Koslow, and
G.C.B. Poore.
2000. Diversity and endemism of the benthic seamount fauna in the southwest Pacific.
Nature
405(6789):
944-947.
OCR for page 191
Page 191
DeMartini, E.E.
1993. Modeling the potential of fishery reserves for managing Pacific coral reef fishes.
Fishery Bulletin
91:
414-427.
DiBacco, C., and
L.A. Levin.
2000. Development and application of elemental fingerprinting to track the dispersal of marine invertebrate larvae.
Limnology and Oceanography
45(4):
871-880.
Dixon, J.A.,
L.F. Scurra, and
T. van't Hof.
1993. Meeting ecological and economic goals: Marine parks in the Caribbean.
Ambio
22(2-3):
117-125.
Domeier, M.L., and
P.L. Colin.
1997. Tropical reef fish spawning aggregations defined and reviewed.
Bulletin of Marine Science
60:
698-726.
Done, T.J., and
R.E. Reichelt.
1998. Integrated coastal zone and fisheries ecosystem management: Generic goals and performance indices.
Ecological Applications
8(1):
S110-S118.
Dufour, V.,
J.Y. Jouvenel, and
R. Galzin.
1995. Study of a Mediterranean reef fish assemblage.
Comparisons of population distributions between depths in protected and unprotected areas over one decade.
Aquatic Living Resources
8(1):
17-25.
Dugan, J.E., and
G.E. Davis.
1993. Applications of marine refugia to coastal fisheries management.
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science
50:
2029-2042.
Duke, N.C.
,
M.Z.S. Pinzon, and
T.M.C. Prada.
1997. Large-scale damage to mangrove forests following two large oil spills in Panama.
Biotropica
29:
2-14.
Dunlap, R.E.,
G.H. Gallup, Jr., and
A.M. Gallup.
1993a. Of global concern: Results of the health of the planet survey.
Environment
35(9):
7-15, 33.
Dyer, C.L. and
J.R. McGoodwin.
1994.
Folk Management in the World's Fisheries: Lessons for Modern Fisheries Management.
University of Colorado Press,
Boulder.
Earle, S.A., and
W. Henry.
1999.
Wild Ocean: America's Parks Under the Sea
.
National Geographic,
Washington, D.C.
Ebeling, A.W., and
M.A. Hixon.
1991. Tropical and temperate reef fishes: Comparison of community structures.
Pp. 509-563
in
P.F. Sale (ed.),
The Ecology of Fishes on Coral Reefs.
Academic Press,
San Diego, Calif.
Echeverría, J.,
M. Hanrahan, and
R. Solórzano.
1995. Valuation of non-priced amenities provided by the biological resources within the Monteverde Cloud Forest Preserve, Costa Rica.
Ecological Economics
13:
43-52.
Edgar, G.J., and
N.S. Barrett.
1997. Short term monitoring of biotic change in Tasmanian marine reserves.
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
213(2):
261-279.
Edwards, S.F.
1991. The demand for Galapagos vacations: Estimation and application to wilderness perservation.
Coastal Management
19:
155-169.
Emanuel, B.P.,
R.H. Bustamante,
G.M. Branch,
S. Eekhout, and
F.J. Odendaal.
1992. A zoogeographic and functional approach to the selection of marine reserves on the west coast of South Africa.
South African Journal of Marine Science
12:
341-354.
Emlet, R.B.,
L.R. McEdward, and
R.R. Strathman.
1987. Echinoderm larval ecology viewed from the egg.
Pp. 55-136
in
M. Jangoux and
J.M. Lawrence (eds.),
Echinoderm Studies.
A.A. Balkema,
Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Fabrizio, M.C., and
R.A. Richards.
1996. Commercial fisheries surveys.
Pp. 625-650
in
Murphy, B.R. and
D.W. Willis (eds.),
Fisheries Techniques,
second edition.
American Fisheries Society,
Bethesda.
Fagergren, F.
1998. Big Cypress National Preserve: The great compromise. In
R. Knight and
P. Landres (eds.),
Stewardship Across Boundaries.
Island Press,
Covelo, Calif.
Ferguson, L.
1996.
Vessel Traffic Management and the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Sanctuaries and Reserves Division,
Port Angeles, Wash.
Ferguson, L.
1997. Collaboration for cross-boundary protected area management: Focus on the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary and Olympic National Park.
Dissertation, unpublished.
University of Washington,
Seattle.
OCR for page 192
Page 192
Field, J.D.
1997. Atlantic striped bass management: where did we go right?
Fisheries
22(7):
6-8.
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS)
1999. Zone Performance Review.
Second Year Report.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Silver Spring, MD.
Florida Sportsman
2000. On the Conservation Front: Block the No Fishing Gang.
Florida Sportsman Magazine
32 (8).
Fogarty, M.J.
1999. Essential habitat, marine reserves and fishery management.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
14(4):
133-134.
Fogarty, M.J, and
S.A. Murawski.
1998. Large-scale disturbance and the structure of marine ecosystems: Fishery impacts on Georges Bank.
Ecological Applications
8(1):
S63-S71.
Fogarty, M.J.,
J.A. Bohnsack, and
P.K. Dayton.
2000. Marine reserves and resource management. In
Sheppard, C (ed.)
Seas at the Millenium.
Elsevier Science Ltd,
London.
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
1995.
Precautionary Approach to Fisheries.
FAO Fisheries Technical Report 350.
United Nations,
Rome.
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
1999.
The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 1998.
United Nations,
Rome.
Foran, T., and
R.M. Fujita.
1999.
Modeling the biological impact of a no-take reserve policy on Pacific continental slope rockfish.
Environmental Defense Fund,
Oakland, Calif.
Freeman, A.M.
1993.
The Measurement of Environmental and Resource Values: Theory and Methods.
Resources and Methods,
Washington, D.C.
Garcia, S., and
C. Newton.
1997. Current situation, trends, and prospects in world capture fisheries.
Pp. 3-27
in
E.L. Pikitch,
D.D. Huppert, and
M.P. Sissenwine (eds.),
Global Trends: Fisheries Management.
American Fisheries Society Symposium 20,
Bethesda, MD.
Garcia-Rubies, A., and
M. Zabala.
1990. Effects of total fishing prohibition on the rocky fish assemblages of Medes Islands Marine Reserve (NW Mediterranean).
Scientia Marina
54(4):
317-328.
Garrod, G., and
K. Willis.
1993. The amenity value of a woodland in Great Britain.
Environment and Resource Economics
2(4):
415-434.
Gerber, L.R.,
S.J. Andelman,
L.W. Botsford,
S. Gaines,
A. Hastings,
S. Palumbi and
H.P. Possingham. In review. Population models for marine reserve design: a synthesis.
Ecological Applications.
GESAMP (Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution).
1996.
The Contributions of Science to Integrated Coastal Management.
Report No 61.
GESAMP,
Rome.
Gibson, C.C., and
T. Koontz.
1998. When community is not enough: Communities and forests in southern Indiana.
Human Ecology
26:
621-647.
Gillanders, B.M., and
M.J. Kingsford.
1996. Elements in otoliths may elucidate the contribution of estuarine recruitment to sustaining coastal reef populations of a temperate reef fish.
Marine Ecology: Progress Series
141:
13-20.
Gilpin, M., and
M.E. Soule.
1986. Minimum Viable Populations: Processes of Species Extinction.
Pp. 19-34
, in
M.E. Soule (ed.),
Conservation Biology: The Science of Scarcity and Diversity.
Sinauer Associates,
Sunderland, Massachusetts.
Gittings, S.R., and
E.L. Hickerson.
1998. Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary: Introduction.
Gulf of Mexico Science
16(2):
128-130.
Glacier Bay National Park (GBNP).
1998.
Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska; Commercial Fishing Regulations and Environmental Assessment;
Proposed Rule, 36 CFR Part 13,
National Park Service, Department of the Interior.
Glynn, P.W.
1984. Widespread coral mortality and the 1982/1983 El Niño warming event.
Environmental Conservation
11:
133-146.
Glynn, P.W.
1991. Coral reef bleaching in the 1980s and the possible connections with global warming.
Trends in Ecological Evolution
6:
175-179.
Glynn P.W., and
L. D'Croz.
1990. Experimental evidence for high temperature stress as the cause of El Niño-coincident coral mortality.
Coral Reefs
8:
181-191.
OCR for page 193
Page 193
Goñi, R.
1998. Ecosystem effects of marine fisheries: An overview.
Ocean Coastal Management
40:
37-64.
Goodridge, R.H.,
A. Oxenford,
B.G. Hatcher, and
F. Narcisse.
1997. Changes in the shallow reef fishery associated with implementation of a system of fishing priority and marine reserve areas in Soufriere, St. Lucia.
Proceedings of the 49th Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute
316-339.
Goodyear, C.P.
1993. Spawning stock biomass per recruit in fisheries management: Foundation and current use.
Canadian Special Publications in Fisheries and Aquatic Science
120:
67-81.
Goodyear, P.
1995. Red snapper in U.S. Waters of the Gulf of Mexico.
National Marine Fisheries Service Report Number 95/96-05.
Southeast Fisheries Science Center,
Miami, Fla.
Goodyear, P.
1997. An evaluation of the minimum reduction in the 1997 red snapper shrimp bycatch mortality rate consistent with the 2019 recovery target.
National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center,
Miami, Fla.
Goolsby, D.A.
2000. Mississippi Basin nitrogen flux believed to cause Gulf hypoxia.
EOS
81(29):
321ff.
Grantham, B.A.,
G.L. Eckert, and
A.L. Shanks. In review. Dispersal potential of marine invertebrates in diverse habitats.
Ecological Applications.
Grassle, J.P., and
J.F. Grassle.
1976. Sibling species in the marine pollution indicator Capitella (Polychaeta).
Science
192:
567-569.
Grassle, J.F., and
J.F. Maciolek.
1992. Deep-sea richness: Regional and local diversity estimates from quantitative bottom samples.
American Naturalist
139:
313-341.
Groombridge, B. (ed.).
1992.
Global Biodiversity: Status of the Earth's Living Resources.
Chapman and Hall,
New York.
Guénette, S., and
T.J. Pitcher.
1999. An age-structured model showing the benefits of marine reserves in controlling overexploitation.
Fisheries Research
39:
295-303.
Guénette, S.,
T. Lauck, and
C. Clark.
1998. Marine reserves: From Beverton and Holt to the present.
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries
8:
1-21.
Guénette, S.,
T.J. Pitcher, and
C.J. Walters.
2000. The potential of marine reserves for the management of northern cod in Newfoundland.
Bulletin of Marine Science
66(3):
831-852.
Gulland, J.A.
1974.
The Management of Marine Fisheries.
University of Washington Press,
Seattle.
Haedrich, R.L.
1995. Structure over time of an exploited deep-water fish assemblage.
Pp. 27-50
in
A.G. Hopper (ed.),
Deep-Water Fisheries of the North Atlantic.
Kluwer Academic Press,
Boston.
Halfpenny, H., and
C.M. Roberts. In review. Designing a network of marine reserves for North-western Europe.
Ecological Applications.
Hall, S.
1999.
The Effects of Fishing on Marine Ecosystems and Communities.
Blackwell Science,
Malden, Mass.
Halpern, B. In review. The impact of marine reserves: Do reserves work and does reserve size matter?
Ecological Applications.
Hanley, N., and
C. Spash.
1993.
Cost-Benefit Analysis and the Environment.
Edward Elgar,
Aldershoot, U.K.
Hanna, S.,
Blough, H.,
Allen, R.,
Iudicello, S.,
Matlock, G.,
McCay, B.
2000.
Fishing Grounds: Defining a New Era for American Fisheries Management.
Island Press,
Washington, D.C.
Hanna, S.
1998. Institutions for Marine Ecosystems: Economic Incentives and Fishery Management.
Ecological Applications
8(1):
S170-S174.
Hannesson, R.
1998. Marine reserves: What would they accomplish?
Marine Resource Economics
13(3):
159-170.
Harden Jones, F.R.
1968.
Fish Migration.
Edward Arnold,
London.
Hardin, G.
1968. The tragedy of the commons.
Science
162:
1243-1248.
OCR for page 194
Page 194
Hardin, G.
1998. Extensions of “the tragedy of the commons.”
Science
280:
682-683.
Harmelin, J.G.,
F. Bachet, and
F. Garcia.
1995. Mediterranean marine reserves: Fish indices as tests of protection efficiency.
Marine Ecology
16:
233-250.
Hastings, A., and
L. Botsford.
1999. Equivalence in yield from marine reserves and traditional fisheries management.
Science
284:
1-2.
Hawkins, J.P.,
C.M. Roberts, and
V. Clark.
2000. The threatened status of restricted-range coral reef fish species.
Animal Conservation
3:
81-88.
Heyman, W.D., and
B. Kjerfve.
1999. Hydrological and oceanographic considerations for integrated coastal zone management in southern Belize.
Environmental Management
24(2):
229-245.
Higgs, A.J., and
M.B. Usher.
1980. Should nature reserves be large or small?
Nature
285:
568-569.
Hilborn, R., and
C.J. Walters.
1992.
Quantitative Fisheries Stock Assessment: Choice Dynamics and Uncertainty.
Routledge, Chapman & Hall,
New York.
Hilborn, R.,
J.J. Maguire,
A.M. Parma, and
A.A. Rosenberg. In press. The precautionary approach and risk management. Can they increase the probability of success in fishery management?
Special Publication of the Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science.
Hjort, J.
1914. Fluctuations in the great fisheries of northern Europe. Rapports et Proces.
Verbaux du Conseil International pour L'Exploration de la Mer
20:
1-228.
Hoagland, P.,
Y. Kaoru and
J.M. Broadus.
1995. A methodological review of net benefit evaluation for marine reserves.
Environmental Department Paper no. 27,
The World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Hockey, P.A., and
G.M. Branch.
1994. Conserving marine biodiversity on the African coast: Implications of a terrestrial perspective.
Aquatic Conservation: Marine Freshwater Ecosystems
4(4):
345-362.
Hockey, P.A., and
G.M. Branch.
1997. Criteria, objectives and methodology for evaluating marine protected areas in South Africa.
South African Journal of Marine Science
18:
369-383.
Holland, D.S., and
R.J. Brazee.
1996. Marine reserves for fisheries management.
Marine Resource Economics
11:
157-171.
Honneland, G.
1999. Co-management and communities in the Barents Sea fisheries.
Human Organization
58(4):
397-404.
Horwood, J.W.,
J.H. Nichols, and
S. Milligan.
1998. Evaluation of closed areas for fish stock conservation.
Journal of Applied Ecology
35:
893-903.
Houde, E.D.
1987. Fish early life dynamics and recruitment variability.
American Fisheries Society Symposium
2:
17-29.
Houde, E.D.
1997. Patterns and consequences of selective processes in teleost early life histories.
Pp. 173-196. In:
Chambers, R. C. and
E. A. Trippel (eds.),
Early Life History and Recruitment in Fish Populations.
Chapman & Hall,
London
Hughes, T.P.
1994. Catastrophes, phase shifts, and large-scale degradation of a Caribbean coral reef.
Science
265:
1547-1551.
Hundloe, T.
1989. Measuring the value of the Great Barrier reef.
Australian Parks and Recreation
3(26):
11-15.
Hutchings, J.A.
2000. Collapses and recovery of marine fishes.
Nature
406:
882-885.
Inglehart, R.
1990.
Culture Shift in Advanced Industrial Society.
Princeton University Press,
Princeton, N.J.
Inglehart, R.
1991.
Eurobarometer: The Dynamics of European Public Opinion: Essays in Honour of Jacques-René Rabier.
Macmillan,
London.
Inglehart, R.
1997.
Modernization and Postmodernization: Cultural, Economic, and Political Change in 43 Societies.
Princeton University Press,
Princeton, N.J.
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN).
1976.
An International Conference on Marine Parks and Reserves: Papers and Proceedings of an International
Conference held in Tokyo, Japan, May 12-14 1975.
IUCN,
Morges, Switzerland.
OCR for page 195
Page 195
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN).
1980.
World Conservation Strategy: Living Resource Conservation for Sustainable Development.
IUCN,
Gland, Switzerland.
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN).
1987.
P.R. Dingwall (ed.),
Proceedings of the 29th Working Session of IUCN's Commission on National Parks
and Protected Areas, Wairakei, New Zealand, August 16-21, 1987.
IUCN,
Gland, Switzerland.
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN).
1994.
Guidelines for Protected Area Management Categories.
IUCN,
Gland, Switzerland, and Cambridge, U.K.
Iverson, E.S.
1996.
Living Marine Resources.
Chapman and Hall,
New York.
Jackson, G.A., and
R.R. Strathmann.
1981. Larval mortality from offshore mixing as a link between precompetent and competent periods of development.
American Naturalist
118:
16-26.
Jameson, S.C.,
M.V. Erdmann,
G.R. Gibson, Jr., and
K.W. Potts.
1998. Development of biology criteria for coral reef ecosystem assessment.
Atoll Research Bulletin
450 (September).
Jennings, S., and
N.V.C. Polunin.
1997. Impacts of predator depletion by fishing on the biomass and diversity of non-target reef fish communities.
Coral Reefs
16:
71-82.
Jennings, S.,
E.M. Grandcourt, and
N.V.C. Polunin.
1995. The effects of fishing on the diversity, biomass, and trophic structure of Seychelles' reef fish communities.
Coral Reefs
14:
225-235.
Jennings, S.,
S.S. Marshall, and
N.V.C. Polunin.
1996. Seychelles' marine protected areas: Comparative structure and status of reef fish communities.
Biological Conservation
75(3):
201-209.
Johannes. R.E.
1978. Traditional marine conservation methods in oceania and their demise.
Annual Reviews of Ecology and Systematics
9:
349-64.
Johannes, R.E.
1998. The case for data-less marine resource management: Examples from tropical nearshore finfisheries.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
13:
243-246.
Johnson, D.,
N. Funicelli, and
J. Bohnsack.
1999. Effectiveness of an existing estuarine no-take fish sanctuary within the Kennedy Space Center, Florida.
North American Journal of Fisheries Management
19:
436-453.
Johnson, M.S., and
R. Black.
1998. Effects of isolation by distance and geographical discontinuity on genetic subdivison of Littorina cingulata.
Marine Biology
132:
295-303.
Jones, G.P.,
M.J. Milicich,
M.J. Emslie, and
C. Lunow.
1999. Self-recruitment in a coral reef fish population.
Nature
402:
802-804.
Jones, J.B.
1992. Environmental impact of trawling on the seabed: a review.
New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research
26:
59-67.
Kaiser, M.J.
1998. Significance of bottom-fishing disturbances.
Conservation Biology
12:
1230-1235.
Kaoru, Y.
1993. Differentiating use and nonuse values for coastal pond water quality improvements.
Environmental and Resource Economics
3:
487-494.
Kaoru, Y., and
J.M. Broadus.
1994. A socioeconomic evaluation of marine resource uses in Well-fleet Harbor.
Mimeo.
Woods Hole:
Woods Hole Research Consortium.
Keiter, R.
1988. Ecosystem management for parks and wilderness.
Pp. 15-20
in
J. Agee and
D. Johnson (eds.),
Natural Ecosystem Management in Park and Wilderness Areas: Looking at the Law.
University of Washington Press,
Seattle.
Kelleher, G.
1999.
Guidelines for Marine Protected Areas.
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources,
Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U.K.
Kelleher, G., and
R. Kenchington.
1982. Australia's Great Barrier Reef Marine Park: Making development compatible with conservation.
Ambio
11:
262-267.
Kelleher, G., and
R. Kenchington.
1992.
Guidelines for Establishing Marine Protected Areas. A Marine Conservation and Development Report.
World Conservation Union (IUCN),
Gland, Switzerland.
Kelleher, G.,
C. Bleakley, and
S. Wells.
1995.
A Global Representative System of Marine Protected Areas.
The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, the World Bank, and International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Washington, D.C.
OCR for page 198
Page 198
McAllister, D.E.,
J. Baquero,
G. Spiller, and
R. Campbell.
1999.
A Global Trawling Ground Survey.
Marine Conservation Biology Institute, Seattle, World Resources Institute,
Washington D.C, and
Ocean Voice International,
Ottawa.
McAllister, M.
1997. Peer review of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) research and management in the Gulf of Mexico.
Unpublished paper, submitted to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Marine Fisheries Service.
McArdle, D.
1997.
California Marine Protected Areas.
Publication Number T-039.
California Sea Grant College System,
La Jolla, Calif.
McCay, B.
2000. Sea changes in fisheries policy: Contributions from anthropology.
Pp. 201-217
in
E.P. Durrenberger and
T.P. King (eds.),
State and Community in Fisheries Management: Power, Policy, and Practice.
Bergin & Garvey,
Westport, Conn.
McCay, B., and
J. Acheson (eds.).
1987.
The Question of the Commons: The Culture and Ecology of Communal Resources.
University of Arizona Press,
Tucson.
McClanahan, T.R.
1989. Kenyan coral reef-associated gastropod fauna: A comparison between protected and unprotected reefs.
Marine Ecology Progress Series
53:
11-20.
McClanahan, T.R.
1990. Viewpoint: Are conservationists fish bigots?
BioScience
40(1):
2.
McClanahan, T.R.
1995. A coral reef ecosystem-fisheries model: Impacts of fishing intensity and catch selection on reef structure and processes.
Ecological Modeling
80:
1-19.
McClanahan, T.R.
1999. Is there a future for coral reef parks in poor tropical countries?
Coral Reefs
18(4):
321-325.
McClanahan, T.R., and
B. Kaunda-Arara.
1996. Fishery recovery in a coral-reef marine park and its effect on the adjacent fishery.
Conservation Biology
10(4):
1187-1199.
McClanahan, T.R.,
M. Nugues, and
S. Mwachireya.
1994. Fish and sea urchin herbivory and competition in Kenyan coral reef lagoons: The role of reef management.
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
184:
237-254.
McClanahan, T.R., and
S.H. Shafir.
1990. Causes and consequences of sea urchin abundance and diversity in Kenyan coral reef lagoons.
Oecologia
362-370.
McCormick, M.I., and
J.H. Choat.
1987. Estimating total abundance of a large temperate reef fish using visual strip transects.
Marine Biology
96:
469-478.
McDonnell, M.J., and
S.T.A. Pickett (eds.).
1993.
Humans as Components of Ecosystems.
Springer-Verlag,
New York.
McGarvey, R., and
J.H.M. Willison.
1995. Rationale for a marine protected area along the international boundary between U.S. and Canadian waters in the Gulf of Maine.
Pp. 74-81
in
N.L. Shackell and
J.H.M. Willison (eds.),
Marine Protected Areas and Sustainable Fisheries.
Science and Management of Protected Areas Association,
Wolfville, Canada.
McGovern, J.C.,
D.M. Wyanksi,
O. Pashuk,
C.S. Manooch III, and
G.R. Sedberry.
1998. Changes in the sex ratio and size at maturity of gag, Mycteroperca microlepis, from the Atlantic Coast of the southeastern United States during 1976-1995.
Fisheries Bulletin
96:
797-807.
McManus, J.W., and
L.A.B. Meñez.
1997. The proposed international Spratly Island marine park: ecological considerations.
Proceedings from the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama
2:
1943-1948.
McShane P.E., and
M.G. Smith.
1988. Measuring abundance of juvenile abalone, Haliotis rubra, Leach (gastropoda, haliotidae): Comparison of a novel method with two other methods.
Australian Journal of Marine Freshwater Research
39(3):
331-336.
McShane, P.E.,
K.P. Black, and
M.G. Smith.
1988. Recruitment processes in Haliotis rubra (Mollusca: Gastropoda) and regional hydrodynamics in southeastern Australia imply localized dispersal of larvae.
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
124 (3):
175-203.
Merret, N.R., and
Haedrich, R.L.
1997.
Deep Sea Fish and Fisheries.
Chapman and Hall,
London.
Merton, Robert K.
1957.
Social Theory and Social Structure.
Free Press,
New York.
Metcalfe, J.D., and
G.P. Arnold.
1997. Tracking fish with electronic tags.
Nature
387:
665-666.
OCR for page 199
Page 199
Methot, R.D.
1986. Management of Dungeness crab fisheries. In
G.S. Jamieson and
N. Bourne (eds.),
North Pacific Workshop on Stock Assessment and Management of Invertebrates. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Science
92:
326-334.
Mills, M.
1999.
Strategy and Recommended Action List for Protection and Restoration of Marine Life in the Inland Waters of Washington State.
Puget Sound-Georgia Basin International Task Force,
Olympia, Wash.
Milon, J. W.
2000. Pastures, fences, tragedies and marine reserves.
Bulletin of Marine Science
66(3):
901-916.
Minns, C.K.,
R.G. Randall,
J.E. Moore, and
V.W. Cairns.
1996. A model simulating the impact of habitat supply limits on northern pike, Essox lucius, in Hamilton Harbour, Lake Ontario.
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
53:
20-34.
Mitchell, R., and
R. Carson.
1989.
Using Surveys to Value Public Goods: The Contingent Value Method.
Resources for the Future,
Washington, D.C.
Moore, J.A.
1999. Deep-sea finfish fisheries: Lessons from history.
Fisheries
24:
16-21.
Moribe, J.T.
1999. Visitor attitudes toward the prohibition of fish feeding in the Hanauma Bay Marine Life Conservation District.
Dissertation, unpublished.
University of Washington,
Seattle.
Morton, B.
1996. The subsidiary impacts of dredging (and trawling) on a subtidal benthic molluscan community in the southern waters of Hong Kong.
Marine Pollution Bulletin
32(10):
701-710.
Murawski, S.A.,
R. Brown,
H.-L. Lai,
P.J. Rago, and
L. Hendrickson.
2000. Large-scale closed areas as a fishery-management tool in temperate marine systems: The Georges Bank experience.
Bulletin of Marine Science
66(3):
775-798.
Murray, M., and
L. Ferguson.
1998.
The Status of Marine Protected Areas in Puget Sound.
Volumes I and II.
Puget Sound-Georgia Basin Environmental Report Series: Number 8.
Seattle, Wash.
Murray, P, and
J. Metcalf.
1998.
Murray-Metcalf Northwest Straits Citizens Advisory Commissions: Report to the Convenors.
Washington Sea Grant, Seattle.
Murray, S.N.,
R.F. Ambrose,
J.A. Bohnsack,
L.W. Botsford,
M.H. Carr,
G.E. Davis,
P.K. Dayton,
D. Gotshall,
D.R. Gunderson,
M.A. Hixon,
J. Lubchenco,
M. Mangel,
A. MacCall,
D.A. McArdle,
J.C. Ogden,
J. Roughgarden,
R.M. Starr,
M.J. Tegner, and
M.M. Yoklavich.
1999. No-take reserve networks: Sustaining fishery populations and marine ecosystems.
Fisheries
24(11):
11-24.
Musick, J.A.
1999. Ecology and conservation of long-lived marine animals. In
J. A. Musick (ed.)
Life in the slow lane: Ecology and conservation of long-lived marine animals.
American Fisheries Society Symposium
23:
1-10
.
Myers, R.A.,
J.A. Hutchings, and
N.J. Barrowman.
1996. Hypotheses for the decline of cod in the North Atlantic.
Marine Ecology Progress Series
138:
293-308.
Myers, R.A.,
J.A. Hutchings, and
N.J. Barrowman.
1997. Why do fish stocks collapse? The examples of cod in Atlantic Canada.
Ecological Applications
7(1):
91-106.
Myers, R.A., and
G. Mertz.
1998. The limits of exploitation: a precautionary approach.
Ecological Applications.
8(1):
S165-S169.
Nagelkerken, W.P.
1981. Distribution and ecology of the groupers (Serranidae) and snappers (Lutjanidae) of the Netherlands Antilles.
Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen
107:
1-71.
National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA).
2000.
Protecting Our National Marine Sanctuaries.
National Academy of Public Administration,
Washington, D.C.
National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS).
1999.
Ecosystem-based Fishery Management.
Ecosystem Advisory Panel to NMFS. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/SPO-33.
National Marine Fisheries Service,
Silver Spring, MD.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
1996a.
Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act.
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/SPO-23.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Silver Spring, MD.
OCR for page 200
Page 200
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
1996b.
Our Living Oceans: Report on the Status of U.S. Living Marine Resources, 1995.
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/SPO-19.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Silver Spring, MD.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
1997.
Accomplishments Report.
National Marine Sanctuary Program,
Silver Spring, MD.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
1999.
Our Living Oceans: Report on the Status of U.S. Living Marine Resources, 1999.
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/SPO-41.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Silver Spring, MD.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Sanctuaries and Reserves Division (NOAA SRD).
1996a.
1996 Program Overview for the National Marine Sanctuaries and National Estuarine Research Reserves.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Silver Spring, MD.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Sanctuaries and Reserves Division (NOAA SRD).
1996b.
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary: Final management plan/environmental impact statement, vol. 1.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Silver Spring, MD.
National Park Service (NPS).
1998.
Coral Reefs Under National Park Service Jurisdiction: Overview of Areas, Protection, and Management Issues.
U.S. Department of the Interior, Water Resources Division,
Washington, D.C.
National Research Council (NRC).
1990.
Managing Troubled Waters: The Role of Marine Environmental Monitoring.
National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C.
National Research Council (NRC).
1992.
Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystems: Science, Technology, and Public Policy.
National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C.
National Research Council (NRC).
1995.
Understanding Marine Biodiversity.
National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C.
National Research Council (NRC).
1997.
Striking A Balance: Improving Stewardship of Marine Areas.
National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C.
National Research Council (NRC).
1998a.
Improving Fish Stock Assessments.
National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C.
National Research Council (NRC).
1998b.
Review of Northeast Fishery Stock Assessments.
National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C.
National Research Council (NRC).
1999a.
Sustaining Marine Fisheries.
National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C.
National Research Council (NRC).
1999b.
Sharing the Fish.
National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C.
National Research Council (NRC).
2000a.
Bridging Boundaries Through Regional Marine Research.
National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C.
National Research Council (NRC).
2000b.
Clean Coastal Waters: Understanding and Reducing the Effects of Nutrient Pollution.
National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C.
National Research Council (NRC).
2000c.
Improving the Collection, Management, and Use of Marine Fisheries Data.
National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C.
Naylor, R.L.,
R.J. Goldburg,
H. Mooney,
M. Beveridge,
F. Clay,
C. Folke,
N. Kautsky,
J. Lubchenco,
J. Primavera, and
M. Williams.
1998. Nature's subsidies to shrimp and salmon farming.
Science
282:
883-884.
Naylor, R.L.,
R.J. Goldburg,
J. Primavera,
N. Kautsky,
M. Beveridge,
J. Clay,
C. Folke,
J. Lubchenco,
H. Mooney, and
M. Troell.
2000.
Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies.
Nature
405:
1017-1024.
New, M.B.
1997. Aquaculture and the capture fisheries: balancing the scales.
World Aquaculture
28:
11.
Nichols, S., and
G.J. Pellegrin.
1992. Revision and update of estimates of shrimp fleet bycatch, 1972-1991.
Report to the Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council,
National Marine Fisheries Service,
Pascagoula, Fla.
OCR for page 201
Page 201
Nichols, S.,
A. Shah,
G.J. Pellegrin, Jr., and
K. Mullin.
1990. Updated estimates of shrimp fleet bycatch in the offshore waters of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico 1972-1989.
Unpublished report. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA, NMFS Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Pascagoula, Fla.
Nilsson, P.
1998.
Criteria for the Selection of Marine Protected Areas.
Report 4834.
Swedish Environmental Protection Agency.
Stockholm.
Nordiska Ministerrådet.
1995. Marina reservat i Norden. Del I (Marine protected areas in the Nordic countries. Part I).
Nordiska Ministerrådet (Nordic Council of Ministers) Köpenhamn.
TemaNord
1995:
553.
Ogden, J.C.
1997. Marine managers look upstream for connections.
Science
278:
1414-1415.
Olson, M.
1965.
The Logic of Collective Action.
Harvard University Press,
Cambridge, Mass.
Olson.
1985. The consequences of short-distance larval dispersal in a sessile marine invertebrate.
Ecology
66:
30-39.
Oregon Ocean Policy Advisory Council (OOPAC).
1994.
State of Oregon: Territorial Sea Plan.
Oregon Ocean Policy Advisory Council,
Portland.
Orensanz, J.M., and
G.S. Jamieson.
1998. The assessment and management of spatially structured stocks: An overview of the north Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management.
Pp. 441-45 in
G.S. Jamieson and
A. Campbell (eds.),
Proceedings of the North
Pacific Symposium on Invertebrate Stock. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
125:
441-459.
Ostrom, E.
1990.
Governing the Commons: the Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action.
Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, U.K.
Paddack, M.J.
1996. The influence of marine reserves upon rockfish populations in central California kelp forests.
M.S. thesis.
University of California,
Santa Cruz.
Palumbi, S.R.
1992. Marine speciation on a small planet.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
7:
114-118.
Palumbi, S.R.
1994. Reproductive isolation, genetic divergence, and speciation in the sea.
Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
25:
547-572.
Palumbi, S.R.
1997. Molecular biogeography of the Pacific.
Coral Reefs
16:
S47-S52.
Palumbi, S.R.
2000. The ecology of marine protected areas. In
M. Bertness,
M. Hixon, and
S. Gaines (eds.),
Marine Community Ecology.
Sinauer Press,
Sunderlan, Mass.
Palumbi, S.R. In review. Population genetics, demographic connectivity and the design of marine reserves.
Ecological Applications.
Parma, A.M.
1993. Retrospective catch-at-age analysis of Pacific halibut: Implications on assessment of harvesting policies.
Pp. 247-265
in
G. Kruse,
D.M. Eggers,
R.J. Marasco,
C. Pautzke, and
T.J. Quinn II (eds.),
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Management Strate
gies for Exploited Fish Populations.
Alaska Sea Grant College Program Report No. 93-02.
University of Alaska,
Fairbanks.
Parma, A.M., and
R.B. Deriso.
1990. Dynamics of age and size in a population subject to size-selective mortality: effects of phenotypic variability in growth.
Canadian Journal of
Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
47:
274-289.
Perry, R.I.,
C.J. Walters, and
J.A. Boutillier.
1999. A framework for providing scientific advice for the management of new and developing invertebrate fisheries.
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries
9:
125-150.
Pezzey, J.C.V.,
C.M. Roberts, and
B.T. Urdal. In press. A simple bioeconomic model of a marine reserve.
Ecological Economics.
Pilskaln, C.H.,
J.H. Churchill, and
L.M. Mayer.
1998. Frequency of bottom trawling in the Gulf of Maine and speculations on the geochemical consequences.
Conservation Biology
12:
1223-1224.
Pimm, S.L.
1982.
Food Webs.
Chapman and Hall,
London.
OCR for page 202
Page 202
Pinkerton, E.W.
1989.
Co-operative Management of Local Fisheries: New Directions for Improv
ing Management and Community Development.
University of British Columbia Press,
Vancouver.
Pinkerton, E.W.
1994. Local fisheries co-management: A review of international experiences and their implications for salmon management in British Columbia.
Canadian Journal of Fisheries
and Aquatic Sciences
51:
1-17.
Poizat, G., and
E. Baran.
1997. Fishermen's knowledge as background information in tropical fish ecology: A quantitative comparison with fish sampling results.
Environmental Biology of Fishes
50:
435-449.
Polacheck, T.
1990. Year around closed areas as a management tool.
Natural Resource Modeling
4:
327-354.
Policansky, D.
1993. Evolution and management of exploited fish populations. In
G. Kruse,
D.M. Eggers,
R.J. Marasco,
C. Pautzke, and
T.J. Quinn II (eds.),
Proceedings of the International
Symposium on Management Strategies for Exploited Fish Populations.
Alaska Sea Grant College Program Report No. 93-02.
University of Alaska,
Fairbanks.
Polunin, N.V.C., and
C.M. Roberts.
1993. Greater biomass and value of target coral reef fishes in two small Caribbean marine reserves.
Marine Ecology Progress Series
100:
167-176.
Pope, J.A.
1988. Collecting fisheries assessment data.
Pp. 63-82
in
Gulland, J.A. (ed.),
Fish Population Dynamics,
second edition.
J. Wiley & Sons,
Chichester.
Poss, S.G.
1998. Species at risk in the Gulf of Mexico ecosystem, a Web-site (
http://lionfish.ims.usm.edu/~musweb/endanger.html). A cooperative program between the US Gulf of Mexico Program and the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory Museum to identify potentially endangered species in the Gulf of Mexico and to determine research needs for these species.
Hattiesburg, MS.
Pressey, R.L,
C.J. Humphries,
C.R. Margules,
R.I. Vane-Wright, and
P.H. Williams.
1993. Beyond opportunism: key principles for systematic reserve selection.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
8:
124-128.
Pulliam, H.R.
1988. Sources, sinks, and population regulation.
American Naturalist
132:
652-661.
Quinn, J.,
S.R. Wing, and
L.W. Botsford.
1993. Harvest refugia in marine invertebrate fisheries: Models and applications to the red sea urchin,
Strongylocentrotus franciscanus. American
Zoologist
33:
537-550.
Rakitin, A., and
D.L. Kramer.
1996. Effect of a marine reserve on the distribution of coral reef fishes in Barbados.
Marine Ecology Progress Series
131(1-3):
97-113.
Ray, G.C.
1999. Coastal-marine protected areas: Agonies of choice.
Aquatic Conservation:
Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems
9:
607-614.
Reef Fisheries Plan Development Team (RFPDT).
1990.
The Potential of Marine Fishery Reserves
for Reef Management in the U.S. South Atlantic.
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFSSEFC-261. Contribution No. CRD/89-90/04. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD.
Reinert, T.R.,
J. Wallin,
M.C. Conroy,
M.J. Avyle, and
V.D. Avyle.
1998. Long-term retention and detection of oxytetracycline marks applied to hatchery-reared larval striped bass (Morone saxatilis).
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science
55:
539-543.
Restrepo, V.R., and
J.E. Powers.
1999. Precautionary control rules in United States fisheries management: Specification and performance.
ICES Journal of Marine Science
56:
846-852.
Rice, M.A.,
C. Hickox, and
I. Zehra.
1989. Effects of intensive fishing effort on the population structure of quahogs, Mercenaria mercenaria (Linnaeus 1758), in Narragansett Bay.
Journal of Shellfish Research
8:
345-354.
Richards, R.A., and
P.J. Rago.
1999. A case history of effective fishery management: Chesapeake Bay striped bass.
North American Journal of Fisheries Management
19:
356-375.
Ricker, W.E.
1981. Changes in the average size and average age of Pacific salmon.
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science
38:
1636-1656.
OCR for page 203
Page 203
Ridker, R.G., and
J.A. Henning.
1967. The determinants of residential property values with special reference to air pollution.
Review of Economics and Statistics
49:
246-257.
Roberts, C.M.
1991. Larval mortality and the composition of coral reef fish communities.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
6:
83-87.
Roberts, C.M.
1995. Rapid build-up of fish biomass in a Caribbean marine reserve.
Conservation Biology
9:
815-826.
Roberts, C.M.
1996. Settlement and beyond: population regulation and community structure.
Pp. 85-112 in
N.V.C. Polunin and
C.M. Roberts (eds.),
Reef Fisheries,
Chapman and Hall
London.
Roberts, C.M.
1997a. Ecological advice for the global fisheries crisis.
Trends in Ecology and
Evolution
12:
35-38.
Roberts, C.M.
1997b. Connectivity and management of Caribbean coral reefs.
Science
278:
1454-1457.
Roberts, C.M.
1998a. Permanent no-take zones: A minimum standard for effective marine protected areas.
Pp. 96-100
in
M.E. Hatziolos,
A.J. Hooten, and
M. Fodor (eds.),
Coral Reefs: Challeng
es and Opportunities for Sustainable Management.
The World Bank,
Washington, D.C.
Roberts, C.M.
1998b. Sources, sinks and the design of marine reserve networks.
Fisheries
23:
16-19.
Roberts, C.M.
2000. Selecting marine reserve locations: Optimality versus opportunism.
Bulletin of
Marine Science
66(3):
581-592.
Roberts, C.M. In press. Marine protected areas and biodiversity conservation. In
E. Norse and
L. Crowder (eds.),
Marine Conservation Biology.
Island Press,
Washington, D.C.
Roberts, C.M. In review a. How much of the sea should be included in fully protected marine reserves?
Ecological Applications.
Roberts, C.M. In review b. Benefits of fully-protected marine reserves for migratory species.
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries.
Roberts, C.M., and
J.P. Hawkins.
1997. How small can a marine reserve be and still be effective?
Coral Reefs
16:
150.
Roberts, C.M., and
J.P. Hawkins.
1999. Extinction risk in the sea.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
14(6):
241-246.
Roberts, C.M., and
N.V.C. Polunin.
1991. Are marine reserves effective in management of reef fisheries?
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries
1:
65-91.
Roberts, C.M., and
N.V.C. Polunin.
1993a. Marine reserves: Simple solutions to managing complex fisheries?
Ambio
22:
363-368.
Roberts, C.M., and
N.V.C. Polunin.
1993b. Effects of marine reserve protection on northern Red Sea fish populations.
Proceedings of the 7th International Coral Reef Symposium, Guam
2:
969-977.
Roberts, C.M., and
N.V.C. Polunin.
1994. Hol Chan: Demonstrating that marine reserves can be remarkably effective.
Coral Reefs
13:
90.
Roberts, C.M.,
S. Andelman,
G. Branch,
R. Bustamente,
J.C. Castilla,
J. Dugan,
B. Halpern,
K. Lafferty,
H. Leslie,
J. Lubchenco,
D. McArdle,
H. Possingham,
M. Ruckleshaus, and
R. Warner. In review a. Ecological criteria for evaluating candidate sites for marine reserves.
Ecological Applications.
Roberts, C.M.,
G. Branch,
R. Bustamente,
J.C. Castilla,
J. Dugan,
B. Halpern,
K. Lafferty,
H. Leslie,
J. Lubchenco,
D. McArdle,
M. Ruckleshaus, and
R. Warner. In review b. Application of ecological criteria in selecting marine reserves and developing reserve networks.
Ecological Applications.
Robinson, M.
1999.
The Status of Washington's Coastal Marine Protected Areas.
Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Interjurisdictional Resource Management,
Olympia.
Rose, K.
2000. Why are quantitative relationships between environmental quality and fish populations so elusive.
Ecological Applications
10(2):
367-385.
OCR for page 204
Page 204
Rosenberg, A.,
T.E. Bigford,
S. Leathery,
R.L. Hill, and
K. Bickers.
2000. Ecosystem approaches to fishery management through essential fish habitat.
Bulletin of Marine Science
66(3):
535-542.
Roughgarden, J.
1998. How to manage fisheries.
Ecological Applications
8:
S160-S164.
Rounsefell, G.A.
1975.
Ecology, Utilization, and Management of Marine Fisheries.
C.V. Mosby,
Saint Louis, MO.
Rowley, R.J.
1994. Case studies and reviews: Marine reserves in fisheries management.
Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems
4:
233-254.
Ruckelshaus, M.H., and
C.G. Hays.
1998. Conservation and management of species in the sea.
Pp. 110-156
in
P.L. Fiedler and
P.M. Karieva (eds.),
Conservation Biology for the Coming Decade.
Chapman and Hall,
London.
Russ, G.
1985. Effects of protective management on coral reef fishes in the central Philippines.
Proceedings of the 5th International Coral Reef Symposium, Tahiti,
4:
219-224.
Russ, G.R., and
A.C. Alcala.
1989. Effects of intense fishing pressure on an assemblage of coral reef fishes.
Marine Ecology Progress Series
56:
13-28.
Russ, G.R., and
A.C. Alcala.
1994. Sumilon Island reserve: 20 years of hopes and frustrations.
Naga, the ICLARM Quarterly
7:
8-12.
Russ, G.R., and
A.C. Alcala.
1996. Marine reserves: Rates and patterns of recovery and decline of large predatory fish.
EcologicalApplications
6(3):
947-961.
Sadovy, Y.
1993. The Nassau grouper, endangered or just unlucky?
Reef Encounter
13:
10-12.
Sadovy, Y.
1994. Grouper stocks of the western central Atlantic: The need for management and management needs.
Proceedings of the Gulf Caribbean Fisheries Institute
43:
43-64.
Sadovy, Y., and
A.E. Eklund,
2000. Synopsis of biological data on the Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus (Bloch, 1792), and the jewfish, E. itajara (Lichtenstein, 1822).
NOAA Technical Report NMFS 146. FAO Fisheries Synopsis 157.
National Marine Fisheries Service,
Seattle.
Safina, C.
1998a. Scorched-earth fishing.
Issues in Science and Technology
14:
33-36.
Safina, C.
1998b.
Song for the Blue Ocean.
Henry Holt,
New York.
Sagarin, R.D.,
J.P. Barry,
S.E. Gilman, and
C.H. Baxter.
1999. Climate-related changes in an intertidal community over short and long time scales.
Ecological Monographs
69:
465-490.
Salm, R.V., and
J.R. Clark.
1984.
Marine and Coastal Protected Areas: A Guide for Planners and Managers.
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources,
Gland, Switzerland.
Salm, R.V., and
A. Price.
1995. Selection of marine protected areas.
Pp. 15-31
in
S. Gubbay (ed.),
Marine Protected Areas: Principles and Techniques for Management.
Chapman and Hall,
London.
Salm, R.V., and
J.R. Clark (with E. Siirila).
2000.
Marine and Coastal Protected Areas: A Guide for Planners and Managers,
3rd Edition.
The World Conservation Union IUCN),
Gland, Switzerland.
Sammarco, P.W., and
J.C. Andrews.
1988. Localized dispersal and recruitment in Great Barrier Reef corals: The Helix Experiment.
Science
239:
1422-1424.
Samuelson, P.A.
1954. The pure theory of public expenditure.
Review of Economics and Statistics
37:
350-356.
San Juan County Marine Resources Committee. Undated.
Bottomfish Recovery Program brochure.
San Juan County Marine Resources Committee,
Friday Harbor, Wash.
Scanlon, K.M.
1998.
Oculina Bank: Geology of a Deep-Water Coral Reef Habitat off Florida.
U.S. Geological Survey Information Handout.
U.S. Department of the Interior,
Washington, D.C.
Scheltema, R.S.
1986. Long distance dispersal by planktonic larvae of shoal-water benthic invertebrates among central Pacific islands.
Bulletin of Marine Science
39:
241-256.
Schirripa, M.J., and
C.M. Legault.
1999. Status of the red snapper in U.S. waters of the Gulf of Mexico: Updated through 1998.
Sustainable Fisheries Division contribution SFD-99/00-75.
National Marine Fisheries Service,
Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Miami.
Schmidt, K.F.
1997. No-take zones spark fisheries debate.
Science
277:
489-491.
OCR for page 205
Page 205
Seaborn, C.
1996.
Underwater Wilderness: Life in America's National Marine Sanctuaries and Reserves.
Roberts Rinehart Publishers,
Boulder, Colo.
Secor, D.H.,
E.D. Houde, and
D.M. Monteleone.
1995. A mark-release experiment on larval striped bass, Morone saxatilis, in a Chesapeake Bay tributary.
ICES Journal of Marine Science
52:
87-101.
Shanks, A., and
B. Grantham. In review. Propagule dispersal distance and the size and spacing of marine reserves.
Ecological Applications
Shapiro, D.Y.
1978. Reproduction in groupers.
Pp. 295-327
in
J.J. Polovina and
S. Ralston (eds.),
Tropical Snappers and Groupers: Biology and Fisheries Management.
Westview Press,
Boulder, Colo.
Shapiro, D.Y.
1979. Social behavior, group structure, and the control of sex reversal in hermaphroditic fish.
Advanced Study of Behavior
10:
43-102.
Shea, K.,
P. Amarasekare,
P. Kareviva,
M. Mangel,
J. Moore,
W. Murdoch,
E. Noonburg,
M.A. Pascual,
A.M. Parma,
H.P. Possingham,
C. Wilcox, and
D. Yu.
1998. Population management in conservation, harvesting and control.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
13:
371-375.
Shepherd, J. G.
1988. Fish stock assessments and their data requirements.
Pp. 35-62
in
Gulland, J. A. (ed.).
Fish Population Dynamics,
second edition.
J. Wiley & Sons,
Chichester.
Shulman, M.J., and
E. Bermingham.
1995. Early life histories, ocean currents, and the population genetics of Caribbean reef fishes.
Evolution
49:
897-910.
Simberloff, D.
1988. The contribution of population and community biology to conservation science.
Annual Review of Ecological Systems
19:
473-511.
Simberloff, D.
2000. No reserve is an island: Marine reserves and nonindigenous species.
Bulletin of Marine Science
66(3):
567-580.
Sinclaire, A.D.,
D. Gascon,
R. O'Boyle,
D. Rivard, and
S. Gavaris.
1991. Consistency of some southwest Atlantic groundfish stock assessments.
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization Scientific Council Studies
16:
59-77.
Sladek Nowlis, J.S.
2000. Short- and long-term effects of three fishery-management tools on depleted fisheries.
Bulletin of Marine Science
66(3):
651-662.
Sladek Nowlis, J.S., and
C.M. Roberts.
1997. You can have your fish and eat it too: Theoretical approaches to marine reserve design.
Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium
2:
1907-1910.
Sladek Nowlis, J.S., and
C.M. Roberts.
1999. Fisheries benefits and optimal design of marine reserves.
Fisheries Bulletins U.S. 97.
Sladek Nowlis, J.S. and
M.M. Yoklavich.
1998. Design criteria for rockfish harvest refugia from models of fish transport.
Pp. 32-40
in
M.M. Yoklavich (ed.),
Marine Harvest Refugia for West Coast Rockfish: A Workshop.
NOAA Technical Memorandum. NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-225.
U.S. Department of Commerce,
Pacific Grove, CA.
Sluka, R.,
M. Chiappone,
K.M. Sullivan, and
R. Wright.
1997. The benefits of a marine fishery reserve for Nassau grouper Epinephelus striatus in the central Bahamas.
Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama
2:
1961-1964.
Smith, A.H., and
F. Berkes.
1991. Solutions to the “tragedy of the commons”: Sea urchin management in St. Lucia, West Indies.
Environmental Conservation
18(2):
131-136.
Soh, S.K.,
D.R. Gunderson, and
D.H. Ito.
1998. Closed areas to manage rockfishes in the Gulf of Alaska.
Pp. 118-124
in
M.M. Yoklavich (ed.),
Marine Harvest Refugia for West Coast Rockfish: A Workshop.
NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-255.
U.S. Department of Commerce,
Pacific Grove, CA.
Starrett, D.
1988.
Foundations of Public Economics.
Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge,U.K.
Steele, J.H.
1985. A comparison of terrestrial and marine ecological systems.
Nature
313:
355-358.
Steele, J.H.
1991. Marine ecosystem dynamics: Comparison of scales.
Ecological Research
6:
175-183.
Steele, J.H.
1996. Regime shifts in fisheries management.
Fisheries Research
25:
19-23.
OCR for page 206
Page 206
Stoffle, R.,
F. Jensen, and
D. Rasch.
1987. Cultural basis of sport anglers' response to reduced lake trout catch limits.
Transactions of the American Fisheries Society
116:
503-509.
Stoffle, R.,
D. Halmo,
T. Wagner, and
J. Luczkovich.
1994a. Reefs from space: Satellite imagery, marine ecology, and ethnography in the Dominican Republic.
Human Ecology
22(3):
355-378.
Stoffle, B.,
R. Stoffle,
D. Halmo, and
C. Burpee.
1994b. Folk management and conservation ethics among small-scale fishermen of Buren Hombre, Dominican Republic.
Pp. 115-138
in
C. Dyer and
J. McGoodwin (eds.),
Folk Management in the World's Fisheries.
University of Colorado Press,
Boulder.
Stoffle, R.,
D. Austin, and
D. Halmo.
1997. Cultural landscapes and traditional cultural properties: A Southern Paiute view of the Grand Canyon and Colorado River.
American Indian Quarterly
21(2):
229-249.
Stokes, T.K.
1997. Review of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) research and management in the Gulf of Mexico.
Science and Management Review Panel, submitted to NOAA/NMFS September 1997.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Silver Spring, MD.
Stoner, D.S.
1992. Vertical distribution of a colonial ascidian on a coral reef: the roles of larval dispersal and life-history variation.
American Naturalist
139(4):
802.
Stoner, A.W., and
M. Ray.
1996. Queen conch, Strombus gigas, in fished and unfished locations of the Bahamas: Effects of a marine fishery reserve on adults, juveniles, and larval production.
Fishery Bulletin
94:
551-565.
Sumaila, U.R.
1998. Protected marine reserves as fisheries management tools: A bioeconomic analysis.
Fantoftvegen
38:
N-5036.
Suman, D.
1997. The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary: A case study of an innovative federal-state partnership in marine resource management.
Coastal Management
25(3):
293-324.
Suman, D.
1998. Stakeholder group perceptions of marine reserves in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.
Pp. 100-112
in
M.M. Yoklavich (ed.),
Marine Harvest Refugia for West Coast Rockfish: A Workshop.
NOAA Technical Memorandum. NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-225.
U.S. Department of Commerce,
Pacific Grove, CA.
Suman, D.,
M. Shivlani, and
J.W. Milon.
1999. Perceptions and attitudes regarding marine reserves: A comparison of stakeholder groups in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.
Ocean and Coastal Management
42:
1019-1040.
Swearer, S.E.,
J. Caselle,
D. Lea, and
R.R. Warner.
1999. Larval retention and recruitment in an island population of a coral-reef fish.
Nature
402:
799-802.
Tegner, M. J.
1992. Brood-stock transplants as a approach to abalone stock enhancement.
Pp. 608
in
S.A. Shepherd,
M.J. Tegner, and
S.A. Guzman del Proo (eds.),
Abalone of the World: Their Biology, Fisheries and Culture.
Blackwell Scientific Publications,
Oxford, U.K.
Tegner, M.J.
1993. Southern California abalones: Can stocks be rebuilt using marine harvest refugia?
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science
50:
2010-2018.
Tegner, M.J.,
L.V. Basch, and
P.K. Dayton.
1996. Near extinction of an exploited marine invertebrate.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution:
11:
278-280
Thorne-Miller, B., and
J. Catena.
1991.
The Living Ocean: Understanding and Protecting Marine Biodiversity.
Island Press,
Washington, D.C.
Thorpe, J.E.,
R.I.G. Morgan,
C. Talbot, and
M.S. Miles.
1983. The inheritance of developmental rates in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.
Aquaculture
33:
119-128.
Thrush, S.F.,
J.E. Hewitt,
V.J. Cummings,
P.K. Dayton,
M. Cryer,
S.J. Turner,
G.A. Funnel,
R.G. Budd,
C.J. Milburn, and
M.R. Wilkinson.
1998. Disturbance of the marine benthic habitat by commercial fishing: impacts at the scale of the fishery.
Ecological Applications
8:
866-879.
Ticco, Paul.
1996. The use of marine protected areas to preserve and enhance marine biological diversity: A case study approach.
Coastal Management
24(3):
309-314.
Trexler, J., and
J. Travis.
2000. Can marine protected areas restore and conserve stock attributes of reef fishes?
Bulletin of Marine Science
66(3):
853-873.
OCR for page 207
Page 207
Tuan, Yi-Fu.
1996.
Place and Space: The Perspective of Experience.
University of Minnesota Press,
Minneapolis.
Turpie, J.K.,
L.E. Beckley, and
S.M. Katua.
2000. Biogeography and the selection of priority areas for conservation of South African coastal fishes.
Biological Conservation
92:
59-72.
United Nations (UN).
1983.
Law of the Sea.
St. Martin's Press, Inc.,
New York
(also available on-line at
http://fletcher.tufts.edu/multi/texts/BH825.txt).
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
1984.
Action Plan for Biosphere Reserves.
UNESCO,
Paris, France.
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
1988.
Environmental Perspective to the Year 2000 and Beyond.
United Nations Environment Programme,
Nairobi, Kenya.
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
1992.
Convention on Biological Diversity.
United Nations Environment Programme,
Nairobi, Kenya (also available on-line at
http://biodiv.org/chm/conv/default.htm).
U.S. Coral Reef Task Force (USCRTF).
2000.
National Action Plan for Coral Reef Conservation.
U.S. Coral Reef Task Force,
Washington, D.C.
(also available on-line at
http://coralreef.gov/WG-reports.html).
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service.
1993.
The Principal Laws Relating to Forest Service Activities.
U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C.
U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC).
1994.
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Draft Environmental Impact Statement/Management Plan.
Volume 1. Development of the Management Plan: Environmental Impact Statement.
Sanctuaries and Reserves Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Silver Spring, MD.
Wallace, S.S.
1999. Evaluating the effects of three forms of marine reserve on northern abalone populations in British Columbia, Canada.
Conservation Biology
13:
882-887.
Walls, K.
1998. Leigh Marine Reserve, New Zealand.
Parks
8:
5-10.
Walters, C.J.
1998. Designing fisheries management systems that do not depend on accurate stock assessment.
Pp. 279-288
in
T.J. Pitcher,
P.J.B. Hart, and
D. Pauly (eds.),
Reinventing Fisheries Management.
Chapman and Hall,
London.
Walters, C.J.
2000. Impacts of dispersal, ecological interactions, and fishing effort dynamics on efficacy of marine protected areas: How large should protected areas be?
Bulletin of Marine Science
66(3):
745-757.
Walters, C.J.,
V. Christensen, and
D. Pauly.
1997. Structuring dynamic models of exploited ecosystems from trophic mass-balance assessments.
Review of Fish Biology and Fisheries.
7:
139-172.
Walters, C., and
J-J. Maguire.
1996. Lessons for stock assessment from the northern cod collapse.
Review offish Biology and Fisheries
6:
145-159.
Walters, C., and
A.M. Parma.
1996. Fixed exploitation rate strategies for coping with effects of climate change.
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
53:
148-158.
Walters, C., and
P.H. Pearse.
1996. Stock information requirements for quota management systems in commercial fisheries.
Review of Fish Biology and Fisheries
6:
21-42.
Wantiez, L.,
P. Thollot, and
M. Kulbicki.
1997. Effects of marine reserves on coral reef fish communities from five islands in New Caledonia.
Coral Reefs
16:
215-224.
Ward, T.J.,
M.A. Vanderklift,
A.O. Nicholls, and
R.A. Kenchington.
1999. Selecting marine reserves using habitats and species assemblages as surrogates for biological diversity.
Ecological Applications
9:
691-698.
Warner, R.R.,
S. Swearer, and
J.E. Caselle.
2000. Larval accumulation and retention: Implications for the design of marine reserves and essential fish habitat.
Bulletin of Marine Science
66(3):
821-830
Washington Department of Natural Resources.
1996.
Cypress Island Natural Resources Conservation Area: Management Plan.
Washington Department of Natural Resources,
Olympia.
Watling, L., and
E.A. Norse.
1998. Disturbance of the seabed by mobile fishing gear: A comparison to forest clearcutting.
Conservation Biology
12:
1180-1197.
OCR for page 208
Page 208
Watson, M., and
J.L. Munro. In press. Maximizing settlement success in depleted marine reserves.
Bulletin of Marine Science.
Watson, M., and
R.F.G. Ormond.
1994. Effect of an artisanal fishery on the fish and urchin populations of a Kenyan coral reef.
Marine Ecology Progress Series
109(2-3):
115-129.
Watson M.,
D. Righton,
T. Austin, and
R. Ormond.
1996. The effects of fishing on coral reef fish abundance and diversity.
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
76(1):
229-233.
Watson, M.,
R.F.G. Ormond, and
L. Holliday.
1997. The role of Kenya's marine protected areas in artisanal fisheries management.
Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama
2:
1955-1960.
Wells, S.
1997. Giant clams: Status, trade and mariculture, and the role of CITES in management.
Species Survival Commission, International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources,
Gland, Switzerland.
Wenner, E.L., and
M. Geist.
2001. The National Estuarine Research Reserve's program to monitor and preserve estuarine waters.
Coastal Management
29:
1-18.
Wilcove, D.S., and
E.O. Wilson.
2000.
The Condor's Shadow: The Loss and Recovery of Wildlife in America.
Bantam-Doubleday-Dell,
New York.
Wilcove, D.S.,
D. Rothstein,
J. Dubow,
A. Phillips, and
E. Losos.
1998. Quantifying threats to imperiled species in the United States.
BioScience
48:
607-615.
Wilkinson, C.F., and
H.M. Anderson.
1987.
Land and Resource Planning in the National Forests.
Island Press,
Washington, D.C.
Williams, W.
1980.
The Implementation Perspective.
University of California Press,
Berkeley.
Willig, R.
1976. Consumers' surplus without apology.
American Economic Review
66:
589-597.
Willison, M.,
D.P. Jones, and
S. Atwood. In press. Deep sea corals and marine protected areas in Nova Scotia.
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Science and the Management of Protected Areas
(SAMPAA),
Wolfville, Canada.
Wilson, C. A.,
J. H. Render,
D. L. Neiland.
1994.
Life history gaps in red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus), swordfish (Xiphias gladius), and red drum (Scianeops ocellatus) in the northern Gulf of Mexico: Age distribution, growth, and some reproductive biology. Final Report Cooperative Agreement NA 17FF0383-02. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Marine Fisheries Institute.
Witherell, D.,
C. Pautzke, and
D. Fluharty.
2000. Integrating ecosystem considerations into ground-fish fisheries management off Alaska, USA.
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea.
Wolverton, R., and
W. Wolverton.
1994.
The National Seashores: The Complete Guide to America's Scenic Coastal Parks.
Roberts-Rinehart Publishers,
Niwot, Colo.
World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED).
1987.
Our Common Future.
Oxford University Press,
Oxford, U.K.
Zacharias, M.,
D. Howes,
J. Harper, and
P. Wainwright.
1998. The British Columbia marine ecosystem classification: Rationale, development, and verification.
Coastal Management
26:
105-124.
Zedeno, N.,
D. Austin,
R. Stoffle.
1997. Landmark and landscape: A contextual approach to the management of American Indian resources.
Culture and Agriculture
19:
123-129.
Zeller, D.C., and
G.R. Russ.
1998. Marine reserves: Patterns of adult movement of the coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae)).
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science
55:
917-924.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
coral reef
Items in cart [0]
