Strongly folivorous

Colobus

C. guereza

C. vellerosus^c

Abyssinian, guereza, or eastern black-and-white colobus

Geoffroy’s or white-thighed black-and-white colobus

C. guereza: young leaves and buds 64% (52-90%), mature leaves 13% (2-22%), whole fruit 15% (0-34%), flower and bud 6% (0-17.1%); seeds 1%, stems 0.5%; other 0.5%

Diurnal, arboreal mostly; C. guereza: 1 male or multimale/ multifemale group 2-50; others: multimale/ multifemale

6.8-8.92 kg females, 9.7-13.5 kg males

Clutton-Brock, 1975; McKey, 1978; Napier, 1985; Oates, 1977, 1978, 1994, Oates et al., 1994; Struhsaker, 1978a; Struhsaker & Oates, 1975

Folivorous but >30% seed-eating

Colobus

C. angolensis

C. polykomos

C. satanas

Angolan black-and-white colobus

King or western black-and-white colobus

Black colobus

Young leaves 31% (2-85%), mature leaves 18% (4-75%), fruit 8% (0-55%), seeds 35% (0-89%), flowers and buds 5% (0-31%), stems 1% (0-15%), other 1.5%

Diurnal, arboreal mostly; C. angolensis 1 male or multimale/ multifemale groups 2-50; others multimale/ multifemale

4.32-9.67 kg females, 9.7-13.5 kg males

Dasilva, 1992, 1994; Groves, 1973; Harrison & Hladik, 1986; Maisels et al., 1994; McKey, 1978; McKey & Waterman, 1982; McKey et al., 1981; Silva & Downing, 1995; Tutin et al., 1997

Strongly folivorous, some seed

Procolobus (Piliocolobus or Colobus)

P. badius

P. pennantii

P. preussi^c

P. rufomitratus

P. verus

Western red colobus

Pennant’s red colobus

Preuss’s red colobus

Tana river red colobus

Olive colobus

Young leaves and buds 52% (7-85%) mature leaves and petiole 16% (1-60%), fruit (especially unripe) 9% (0-41%), seeds 12% (0-31%), flowers and buds 9% (0-36%), stems and miscellaneous 1% (0-17%)

Diurnal, arboreal, multimale/ multifemale groups 5-80; P. rufomitratus, 1 male or multimale/ multifemale P. verus: 1 or 2 males + multifemale

4.2-8.2 kg females, 4.7-11.0 kg males

Brandon-Jones, 1985; Clutton-Brock, 1975; Decker, 1994; Gatinot, 1977; Maisels et al., 1994; Marsh, 1981, 1983; McKey, 1978; Mowry et al., 1996; Oates, 1988; Oates & Whitesides, 1990; Oates et al., 1994; Silva & Downing, 1995; Struhsaker, 1975, 1978a; Struhsaker & Oates, 1975; Wachter et al., 1997

Folivorous/frugivorous (>50% leaf, <50% fruit)

Nasalis

N. larvatus

N. (Simias) concolor

Proboscis monkey

Pig-tailed langur

Young leaf 45% (38-48%), mature leaves 4%, fruit 40% (17-50%), of which seeds are 15-20%, flowers and buds 3%; stems 3%; other 2.5%; insects <1%; fruit eaten usually unripe; frugivorous January-May, folivorous June-December

Diurnal, arboreal, swimmers, 1 male + multifemale and bachelor troops, groups 2-20; N. (Simias) concolor also in pairs or multimale/ multifemale

7.1-11.8 kg females, 8.8-23.6 kg males

Bennett & Davies, 1994; Bennett & Sebastian, 1988; Ross, 1992; Watanabe, 1981; Yeager, 1989

Presbytis

P. comata

P. femoralis

P. frontata^c

P. hosei

P. melalophos

P. potenziani

P. rubicunda

P. thomasi

Grizzled leaf monkey

Banded leaf monkey

White-fronted leaf monkey

Hose’s leaf monkey

Mitered leaf monkey

Mentawai Island leaf monkey

Maroon leaf monkey

Thomas’s leaf monkey

Young leaves 41% (15-71%); mature leaves 4% (0-11%); fruit 42% (3-80%), of which about 7% is seeds (1-30%) and unripe fruit and seeds up to 30%; flowers and buds 10% (1-30%); other 3%; very little insect eaten <1%. P. rubicunda: seed predators

Diurnal, arboreal, male + multifemale, monogamous pairs, groups 2-21; P. melalophos: 1 male or multimale/ multifemale

3.0-6.7 kg females, 5.6-8.2 kg males

Adiputra, 1994; Aldrich-Blake, 1980; Bennett & Davies, 1994; Brandon-Jones, 1985; Chivers, 1994; Curtin, 1980; Davies, 1991; Davies et al., 1988; Goodman, 1989; Gurmaya, 1986; Leutenegger & Cheverud, 1982; MacKinnon & MacKinnon, 1980b; Rodman, 1978; Ruhiyat, 1983; Silva & Downing, 1995; Ungar, 1995; Watanabe, 1981

Pygathrix

P. nemaeus

P. nigripes^c

P. (Rhinopithecus) avunculus

P. (Rhinopithecus) bieti

P. (Rhinopithecus) brelichi

P. (Rhinopithecus) roxellana

Red-shanked douc langur

Black-shanked douc langur

Tonkin snub-nosed monkey

Black or Yunnan snub-nosed monkey

Guizhou snub-nosed monkey

Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkey

Young leaves and buds 37% (7-93%), mature leaves 37% (31-88%), fruit 15% (5-47%), seeds 3% (0-15%), flowers 7% (0-28%), lichen 5% (0-50%); figs important, almost no insects

Diurnal, arboreal (some also terrestrial), multimale/ multifemale or 1 male + multifemale, groups 3-200 individuals

6.5-10 kg females, 10.9-20.3 kg males

Bennett & Davies, 1994; Bleisch & Xie, 1994; Bleisch et al., 1998; Ji & Bleisch, 1994; Kirkpatrick, 1994; Lippold, 1995; Long, 1994; Nhat, 1993, 1994; Silva & Downing, 1995