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INTRODUCTION 3 PART I DEVELOPMENT APPLICATION AND T he Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) represent a radical new approach toward nutrition assessment and dietary planning, and therefore neces- sitate a thorough understanding of their origin, purpose, and intended applications. Part I of this book first addresses these areas, then follows with practical guidance on the correct application of the DRI values to the task of assessing and planning the diets of individuals and groups. âIntroduction to the Dietary Reference Intakesâ provides a history of the creation of the DRIs, along with an introduction to the four categories they comprise: the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), the Recommended Di- etary Allowance (RDA), the Adequate Intake (AI), the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL), as well as the new Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs). The values are defined and their appropriate uses are discussed in detail, as are the parameters that were used to develop them, such as life stage groups and applicable populations. Also discussed are how the values differ from each other, as well as from the previous Recommended Dietary Allow- ances (RDAs) and Canadaâs Recommended Nutrient Intakes (RNIs). âApplying the Dietary Reference Intakesâ provides guidance on how to use and interpret the DRI values when assessing and planning the nutrient intakes of both individuals and groups. It summarizes pertinent information taken from two DRI reports published by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academiesâ Institute of Medicine. They are Dietary Reference Intakes: Applica- tions in Dietary Assessment (2000) and Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Planning (2003). The chapter is divided into two main sections, âWork- ing with Individualsâ and âWorking with Groups,â which are each subdivided into assessment and planning sections. The sections on assessment also include explanations of the methods and equations that are used to determine whether individuals and groups are consuming adequate levels of nutrients. In addition, the chapter summary includes a quick-reference table on the appropriate uses of DRI values for specific aspects of nutrition assessment and planning.