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Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants (2014)

Chapter: Appendix E: Recommendations from Other Organizations

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Recommendations from Other Organizations." National Research Council. 2014. Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18294.
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Appendix E

Recommendations from Other Organizations

As noted in Chapter 1, this National Academy of Sciences study is one of many investigations or assessments initiated in the wake of the Fukushima Daiichi accident. The reports from these activities have informed this committee’s thinking about potential lessons learned for the United States. Key recommendations from these investigations/assessments have been captured and generalized in Table E.1 and compared with the recommendations from the present study.

The nuclear industry and its regulators have taken additional actions to implement lessons learned from the Fukushima Daiichi accident since the reports referenced in this table were published. Those actions are not reflected in this table.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Recommendations from Other Organizations." National Research Council. 2014. Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18294.
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TABLE E.1 Common recommendations from investigations and assessments of the Fukushima accident. Recommendations resulting from this report are shown with a star.

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Recommendations from Other Organizations." National Research Council. 2014. Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18294.
×

image

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Recommendations from Other Organizations." National Research Council. 2014. Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18294.
×

image

NOTES: ANS = American Nuclear Society (ANS, 2012); CNSC = Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC, 2011); DIET = Nuclear Accident Independent Investigation Commission, The National Diet of Japan (NAIIC, 2012); ENSI = Swiss Federal Nuclear Safety Inspectorate (ENSI, 2011); IAEA = International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA, 2011); IC = Investigation Committee on the Accident at Fukushima Nuclear Power Stations of Tokyo Electric Power Company (Investigation Committee, 2012); INPO = Institute of Nuclear Power Operations (INPO, 2012); JANTI = Japan Nuclear Technology Institute (JANTI, 2011); ONR = Office for Nuclear Regulation (ONR, 2011); TEPCO = Tokyo Electric Power Company, Inc. (TEPCO, 2012b); UCS = Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS, 2011a); USNRC = U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Near-Term Task Force (USNRC NTTF, 2011); NAS = National Academy of Sciences Committee on Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving the Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants (this report).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Recommendations from Other Organizations." National Research Council. 2014. Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18294.
×
Page 324
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Recommendations from Other Organizations." National Research Council. 2014. Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18294.
×
Page 325
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Recommendations from Other Organizations." National Research Council. 2014. Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18294.
×
Page 326
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Recommendations from Other Organizations." National Research Council. 2014. Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18294.
×
Page 327
Next: Appendix F: Regulator and Industry Actions in the United States »
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The March 11, 2011, Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami sparked a humanitarian disaster in northeastern Japan. They were responsible for more than 15,900 deaths and 2,600 missing persons as well as physical infrastructure damages exceeding $200 billion. The earthquake and tsunami also initiated a severe nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. Three of the six reactors at the plant sustained severe core damage and released hydrogen and radioactive materials. Explosion of the released hydrogen damaged three reactor buildings and impeded onsite emergency response efforts. The accident prompted widespread evacuations of local populations, large economic losses, and the eventual shutdown of all nuclear power plants in Japan.

Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety and Security of U.S. Nuclear Plants is a study of the Fukushima Daiichi accident. This report examines the causes of the crisis, the performance of safety systems at the plant, and the responses of its operators following the earthquake and tsunami. The report then considers the lessons that can be learned and their implications for U.S. safety and storage of spent nuclear fuel and high-level waste, commercial nuclear reactor safety and security regulations, and design improvements. Lessons Learned makes recommendations to improve plant systems, resources, and operator training to enable effective ad hoc responses to severe accidents. This report's recommendations to incorporate modern risk concepts into safety regulations and improve the nuclear safety culture will help the industry prepare for events that could challenge the design of plant structures and lead to a loss of critical safety functions.

In providing a broad-scope, high-level examination of the accident, Lessons Learned is meant to complement earlier evaluations by industry and regulators. This in-depth review will be an essential resource for the nuclear power industry, policy makers, and anyone interested in the state of U.S. preparedness and response in the face of crisis situations.

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