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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
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Biomarkers of
Neuroinflammation

PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP

Lisa Bain, Noam I. Keren, and Sheena M. Posey Norris,
Rapporteurs

Forum on Neuroscience and
Nervous System Disorders

Board on Health Sciences Policy

Health and Medicine Division

images

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001

This activity was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and the Alzheimer’s Association; Brain Canada Foundation; Cohen Veterans Bioscience; the Department of Health and Human Services’ Food and Drug Administration (5R13FD005362-02) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) (HHSN26300089 [Under Master Base #DHHS-10002880]) through the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Eye Institute, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute on Aging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute on Drug Abuse, and NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research; Department of Veterans Affairs (VA240-14-C-0057); Eli Lilly and Company; Foundation for the National Institutes of Health; The Gatsby Charitable Foundation; George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience at The University of Rhode Island; Janssen Research & Development, LLC; Lundbeck Research USA; Merck Research Laboratories; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research; National Multiple Sclerosis Society; National Science Foundation (BCS-1064270); One Mind; Pfizer Inc.; Pharmaceutical Product Development, LLC; Sanofi; Society for Neuroscience; and Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for this project.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-46365-2
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-46365-3
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/24854

Additional copies of this publication are available for sale from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu.

Copyright 2018 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

Cover image courtesy of Dr. Gary Landreth, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.

Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/24854.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
×

Image

The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president.

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Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
×

Image

Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and the committee’s deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and independent peer-review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task.

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
×

PLANNING COMMITTEE ON BIOMARKERS OF NEUROINFLAMMATION1

RITA BALICE-GORDON (Co-Chair), Sanofi

LINDA BRADY (Co-Chair), National Institute of Mental Health

BRIAN CAMPBELL, MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc.

ROSA CANET-AVILES, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health

TIMOTHY COETZEE, National Multiple Sclerosis Society

RICHARD HODES, National Institute on Aging

STUART HOFFMAN, Department of Veterans Affairs

ELIEZER MASLIAH, National Institute on Aging

PATRICIO O’DONNELL, Pfizer Inc. (until March 2017)

WILLIAM POTTER, National Institute of Mental Health

RICHARD RANSOHOFF, Biogen

BETH STEVENS, Harvard Medical School

STEVIN ZORN, MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc.

Health and Medicine Division Staff

CLARE STROUD, Forum Director

SHEENA M. POSEY NORRIS, Program Officer

NOAM I. KEREN, Associate Program Officer

DANIEL FLYNN, Senior Program Assistant

ANDREW M. POPE, Director, Board on Health Sciences Policy

___________________

1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
×

FORUM ON NEUROSCIENCE AND NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS1

STEVEN HYMAN (Chair), Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University

STORY LANDIS (Vice Chair), Director Emeritus, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

SUSAN AMARA, Society for Neuroscience

RITA BALICE-GORDON, Sanofi

KATJA BROSE, Chan Zuckerberg Initiative

EMERY BROWN, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Institute of Technology

DANIEL BURCH, Pharmaceutical Product Development, LLC

JOSEPH BUXBAUM, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

SARAH CADDICK, The Gatsby Charitable Foundation

ROSA CANET-AVILES, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health

MARIA CARRILLO, Alzheimer’s Association

E. ANTONIO CHIOCCA, Harvard Medical School

TIMOTHY COETZEE, National Multiple Sclerosis Society

JONATHAN COHEN, Princeton University

FAY LOMAX COOK, National Science Foundation

BILLY DUNN, Food and Drug Administration

JOSHUA GORDON, National Institute of Mental Health

HANK GREELY, Stanford University

RAQUEL GUR, University of Pennsylvania

MAGALI HAAS, Cohen Veterans Bioscience

RAMONA HICKS, One Mind

RICHARD HODES, National Institute on Aging

STUART HOFFMAN, Department of Veterans Affairs

MICHAEL IRIZARRY, Eli Lilly and Company

INEZ JABALPURWALA, Brain Canada Foundation

FRANCES JENSEN, University of Pennsylvania

GEORGE KOOB, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

___________________

1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s forums and roundtables do not issue, review, or approve individual documents. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
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WALTER KOROSHETZ, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

ALAN LESHNER, American Association for the Advancement of Science (Emeritus)

HUSSEINI MANJI, Janssen Research & Development, LLC

DAVID MICHELSON, Merck Research Laboratories

JAMES OLDS, National Science Foundation

ATUL PANDE, Tal Medical

STEVEN PAUL, Voyager Therapeutics, Inc.

RODERIC PETTIGREW, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering

EMILIANGELO RATTI, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International

TAREK SAMAD, Pfizer Inc.

TODD SHERER, The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research

DAVID SHURTLEFF, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health

PAUL SIEVING, National Eye Institute

NORA VOLKOW, National Institute on Drug Abuse

DOUG WILLIAMSON, Lundbeck

STEVIN ZORN, MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc.

Health and Medicine Division Staff

CLARE STROUD, Forum Director

SHEENA M. POSEY NORRIS, Program Officer

NOAM I. KEREN, Associate Program Officer

DANIEL FLYNN, Senior Program Assistant

JIM BANIHASHEMI, Financial Officer

HILARY BRAGG, Program Coordinator (until August 2017)

ANDREW M. POPE, Director, Board on Health Sciences Policy

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
×

Reviewers

This Proceedings of a Workshop was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published proceedings as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.

We thank the following individuals for their review of this proceedings:

KATERNIA AKASSOGLOU, University of California, San Francisco

ELIEZER MASLIAH, National Institute on Aging

THOMAS MÖLLER, AbbVie Foundational Neuroscience Center

TAREK SAMAD, Pfizer R&D

Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the proceedings nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this proceedings was overseen by JOSEPH T. COYLE, Harvard Medical School. He was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this proceedings was carried out in accordance with standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the National Academies.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
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Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
×
Page R8
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
×
Page R9
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
×
Page R10
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24854.
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Page R11
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Neuroinflammation is a burgeoning area of interest in academia and biopharma, with a broadly acknowledged role in many central nervous system (CNS) disorders. However, there is little agreement on the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie the manifestations of neuroinflammation in the CNS compartment and how neuroinflammation operates as a driver and also as a consequence of disease in the brain. Moreover, another unclear area is how to translate increased understanding of the mechanisms that underlie neuroinflammation and its manifestations in the CNS to therapeutics.

To address these gaps in understanding mechanisms and how to translate that understanding into therapeutics, the Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop on March 20-21, 2017, bringing together key leaders in the field from industry, academia, and governmental agencies to explore the role and mechanisms of neuroinflammation in a variety of CNS diseases. The workshop also considered strategies to advance the identification and validation of biomarkers of neuroinflammation that could accelerate development of therapies, bringing much-needed treatments to patients with disorders ranging from neuroinflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) to neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

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