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NCHRP Web-Only Document 242: Recommended AASHTO Guide Specifications for ABC Design and Construction Michael P. Culmo CME Associates, Inc. East Hartford, CT Lee Marsh BergerABAM John Stanton University of Washington Dennis Mertz Contractor’s Final Report for NCHRP Project 12-102 Submitted November 2017 ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was sponsored by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration, and was conducted in the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP), which is administered by the Transportation Research Board (TRB) of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. COPYRIGHT INFORMATION Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein. Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB, AASHTO, FAA, FHWA, FMCSA, FRA, FTA, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology, PHMSA, or TDC endorsement of a particular product, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this document for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission from CRP. DISCLAIMER The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this report are those of the researchers who performed the research. They are not necessarily those of the Transportation Research Board; the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; or the program sponsors. The information contained in this document was taken directly from the submission of the author(s). This material has not been edited by TRB.

The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, non- governmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president. The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president. The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine. Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.national-academies.org. The Transportation Research Board is one of seven major programs of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The mission of the Transportation Research Board is to increase the benefits that transportation contributes to society by providing leadership in transportation innovation and progress through research and information exchange, conducted within a setting that is objective, interdisciplinary, and multimodal. The Board’s varied committees, task forces, and panels annually engage about 7,000 engineers, scientists, and other transportation researchers and practitioners from the public and private sectors and academia, all of whom contribute their expertise in the public interest. The program is supported by state transportation departments, federal agencies including the component administrations of the U.S. Department of Transportation, and other organizations and individuals interested in the development of transportation. Learn more about the Transportation Research Board at www.TRB.org.

NCHRP Project 12-102 iv Table of Contents Author Acknowledgments .................................................................................................................................. 1 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................. 2 Summary ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 1 BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Problem Statement and Research Objectives ................................................................................................ 4 1.1.1 Research Objectives ......................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1.2 Terminology and Definitions ............................................................................................................................ 5 1.1.2.1 General ABC Definitions ........................................................................................................................... 5 1.1.2.2 Systems .................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.2.3 Deck Elements .......................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1.2.4 Beam Elements ........................................................................................................................................ 7 1.1.2.5 Pier Elements ........................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1.2.6 Abutment Elements ................................................................................................................................. 8 1.1.2.7 Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Integrated Bridge System (GRS/IBS) ......................................................... 9 1.1.2.8 Miscellaneous Elements and Definitions ................................................................................................. 9 1.1.3 Related Research Projects ............................................................................................................................. 12 1.1.3.1 NCHRP Project 12-98 .............................................................................................................................. 12 1.1.3.2 On-going and Recently Completed ABC Research ................................................................................. 12 2 PROJECT APPROACH ........................................................................................................... 13 3 LITERATURE REVIEW AND INDUSTRY QUESTIONNAIRE ....................................................... 15 3.1 Literature Review ........................................................................................................................................ 15 3.2 Questionnaire ............................................................................................................................................. 17 4 TECHNOLOGY SYNTHESIS AND KNOWLEDGE GAPS ............................................................. 19 4.1 Current Design and Construction Specifications ........................................................................................... 19 4.1.1 Approach to Specification Format ................................................................................................................. 19 4.2 Non-Seismic Technologies ........................................................................................................................... 20 4.2.1 Precast Concrete Full-Depth Deck Panels (FDDP) .......................................................................................... 20 4.2.1.1 Panel to Panel Connections.................................................................................................................... 21 4.2.1.2 Panel Connections to Beams or Girders ................................................................................................. 23 4.2.1.3 Overlay Systems ..................................................................................................................................... 24 4.2.1.4 Knowledge Gaps ..................................................................................................................................... 25 4.2.2 ABC Substructures ......................................................................................................................................... 26 4.2.2.1 Bar Coupler Connections ........................................................................................................................ 26 4.2.2.2 Grouted Post-Tensioning Connections .................................................................................................. 27 4.2.2.3 Pocket Connections ................................................................................................................................ 27 4.2.2.4 Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil/Integrated Bridge System (GRS/IBS) ...................................................... 28 4.2.2.5 Knowledge Gaps ..................................................................................................................................... 28 4.2.3 Decked Beam Elements ................................................................................................................................. 29 4.2.3.1 Deck Edge Connections .......................................................................................................................... 29 4.2.3.2 Multi-Span Structures ............................................................................................................................ 31 4.2.3.3 Knowledge Gaps ..................................................................................................................................... 33 4.2.4 Bridge Systems ............................................................................................................................................... 33

NCHRP Project 12-102 v 4.2.5 Lightweight Concrete ..................................................................................................................................... 34 4.2.6 Precast Segmental Construction .................................................................................................................... 34 4.3 Seismic Technologies ................................................................................................................................... 34 4.3.1 Bar Coupler Connections ............................................................................................................................... 34 4.3.1.1 Types of Bar Couplers ............................................................................................................................ 36 4.3.1.2 Design Considerations ............................................................................................................................ 36 4.3.1.3 Construction Considerations .................................................................................................................. 37 4.3.1.4 Knowledge Gaps ..................................................................................................................................... 38 4.3.2 Grouted Duct Connections ............................................................................................................................ 39 4.3.2.1 Design Considerations ............................................................................................................................ 39 4.3.2.2 Construction Considerations .................................................................................................................. 40 4.3.2.3 Knowledge Gaps ..................................................................................................................................... 41 4.3.3 Pocket Connections ....................................................................................................................................... 41 4.3.3.1 Design Considerations ............................................................................................................................ 42 4.3.3.2 Construction Considerations .................................................................................................................. 42 4.3.3.3 Knowledge Gaps ..................................................................................................................................... 43 4.3.4 Socket Connections ........................................................................................................................................ 43 4.3.4.1 Types of Socket Connections ................................................................................................................. 44 4.3.4.2 Design Considerations ............................................................................................................................ 44 4.3.4.3 Construction Considerations .................................................................................................................. 45 4.3.4.4 Knowledge Gaps ..................................................................................................................................... 46 4.3.5 Integral Connections ...................................................................................................................................... 46 4.3.5.1 Design Considerations ............................................................................................................................ 47 4.3.5.2 Construction Considerations .................................................................................................................. 48 4.3.5.3 Knowledge Gaps ..................................................................................................................................... 48 4.3.6 Re-Centering Connections ............................................................................................................................. 48 4.3.6.1 Technology Description .......................................................................................................................... 49 4.3.6.2 Pre-Tensioned Systems .......................................................................................................................... 50 4.3.6.3 Post-Tensioned Systems ........................................................................................................................ 51 4.3.6.4 Non-Prestressed Systems ....................................................................................................................... 53 4.3.6.5 Major Tests Performed .......................................................................................................................... 54 5 ABC DESIGN SPECIFICATION DEVELOPMENT ....................................................................... 58 5.1 Approach .................................................................................................................................................... 58 5.2 Specification Section and Article Development ............................................................................................ 60 5.3 Section 1 – Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 60 5.3.1 Article 1.3 – Definitions .................................................................................................................................. 60 5.3.2 Article 1.4 – Design Responsibilities for Prefabricated Elements .................................................................. 61 5.3.3 Article 1.5 – Design Responsibilities for SPMT Systems ................................................................................. 61 5.3.4 Article 1.6 – Design Responsibilities for Lateral Slide Systems ...................................................................... 61 5.4 Section 2 – General Design Provisions .......................................................................................................... 61 5.4.1 Article 2.4 – Loads and Load Combinations ................................................................................................... 61 5.5 Section 3 – Design of Prefabricated Elements ............................................................................................... 62 5.5.1 Article 3.4 – Seismic Design for ABC .............................................................................................................. 62 5.5.2 Article 3.5 – Prefabricated Element Design ................................................................................................... 63 5.5.3 Article 3.6 – Connection Design and Detailing ............................................................................................... 63 5.5.3.1 Article 3.6.2 Cast-in-Place Concrete Closure Joints Using Lapped Bar Reinforcement .......................... 63 5.5.3.2 Article 3.6.2.1 Reinforcing Bars .............................................................................................................. 64 5.5.3.3 Article 3.6.2.2 Hooked Reinforcing Bars ................................................................................................ 66 5.5.3.4 Article 3.6.2.3 Headed and Mechanically Anchored Deformed Reinforcing Bars .................................. 69 5.5.3.5 Article 3.6.2.4 Reinforced UHPC Connections ........................................................................................ 73 5.5.3.6 Article 3.6.4.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 76

NCHRP Project 12-102 vi 5.5.3.7 Article 3.6.4.2 Type 1 Mechanical Connectors ....................................................................................... 78 5.5.3.8 Article 3.6.4.3 Type 2 Mechanical Connectors ....................................................................................... 80 5.5.3.9 Article 3.6.4.4 Type 2 Mechanical Connectors in Plastic Hinge Regions for SDCs C and D (Seismic Zones 3 and 4) ............................................................................................................................................................. 82 5.5.3.10 Article 3.6.4.4.1 Forced-Based Design of Column Connections with Mechanical Connectors for Seismic Zones 3 and 4 ....................................................................................................................................... 84 5.5.3.11 Article 3.6.4.4.2 Displacement-Based Design of Column Connections with Mechanical Connectors for SDCs C and D ..................................................................................................................................................... 88 5.5.3.12 Article 3.6.4.5 Debonding of Column Longitudinal Reinforcement for Mechanical Couplers in the Plastic Hinge Region .......................................................................................................................................... 94 5.5.3.13 Column Connections with Mechanical Connectors Not Included in the Proposed ABC Guide Specifications Because of Low Technology Readiness Score ............................................................................ 97 5.5.3.14 Article 3.6.5 Grouted Duct Connections ............................................................................................ 101 5.5.3.15 Article 3.6.5.1 Minimum Development Length of Reinforcing Steel ................................................. 103 5.5.3.16 Article 3.6.5.2 Splicing of Longitudinal Reinforcement ...................................................................... 106 5.5.3.17 Article 3.6.5.3 Debonding of Column Longitudinal Reinforcement ................................................... 108 5.5.3.18 Article 3.6.5.4 Bedding Layer ............................................................................................................. 110 5.5.3.19 Article 3.6.5.5 Development of Deformed Steel Bars in Corrugated Steel Ducts Using UHPC .......... 112 5.5.3.20 Article 3.6.6 Pocket Connections ....................................................................................................... 113 5.5.3.21 Article 3.6.6.2 Formed Pocket and Fill ............................................................................................... 116 5.5.3.22 Article 3.6.6.3 Minimum Development Length of Reinforcing Steel for SDCs C and D (Seismic Zones 3 and 4) .............................................................................................................................................................. 118 5.5.3.23 Article 3.6.6.4 Corrugated Steel Pipe Thickness ................................................................................. 121 5.5.3.24 Article 3.6.6.5 Bedding Layer ............................................................................................................. 124 5.5.3.25 Article 3.6.6 Abutment-to-Pile Pocket Connections .......................................................................... 126 5.5.3.26 Article 3.6.7.1 Socket Connections General ....................................................................................... 128 5.5.3.27 Article 3.6.7.2 Precast Concrete Column in Spread Footing or Pile Cap Socket Connection ............. 130 5.5.3.28 Article 3.6.7.3 Precast Concrete Column in Oversized Cast-in-Place Concrete Shaft Socket Connection ...................................................................................................................................................... 135 5.5.3.29 Article 3.6.7.4 Precast Concrete Column in Precast Pier Cap Socket Connection .............................. 140 5.5.3.30 Article 3.6.7.5 CFST in Cast-in-Place Concrete Footing or Pier Cap ................................................... 142 5.5.3.31 Article 3.6.8 Full-Depth Precast Concrete Deck Panel Connections .................................................. 147 5.5.3.32 Article 3.6.9 Link Slabs ....................................................................................................................... 149 5.5.3.33 Article 3.6.10 Steel Connections ........................................................................................................ 151 5.5.3.34 Article 3.6.11 Integral Substructure Connections .............................................................................. 151 5.5.3.35 Article 3.6.12 Two-Stage Integral Pier Cap ......................................................................................... 152 5.5.3.36 Article 3.6.12.1 Joint Proportioning for Two-Stage Integral Pier Cap for SCDs C and D or Seismic Zones 3 and 4 .................................................................................................................................................. 154 5.5.3.37 Article 3.6.12.2 Minimum Joint Shear Reinforcing for SDCs C and D or Seismic Zones 3 and 4 ....... 159 5.5.3.38 Article 3.6.12.3 Superstructure Capacity Design for Two-Stage Integral Pier Caps for Longitudinal Direction for SDCs C and D .............................................................................................................................. 161 5.6 Section 4 – Detailing Requirements ........................................................................................................... 163 5.7 Section 5 – Durability of ABC Technologies ................................................................................................ 164 6 ABC CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION DEVELOPMENT ....................................................... 165 6.1 Approach .................................................................................................................................................. 165 6.2 Specification Section and Article Development .......................................................................................... 165 6.3 Section 1 – Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 166 6.4 Section 2 – Temporary Works .................................................................................................................... 166 6.5 Section 3 – Fabrication and Assembly Planning .......................................................................................... 166 6.6 Section 4 – Layout and Tolerances ............................................................................................................. 167 6.7 Section 5 – Concrete Structures ................................................................................................................. 167

NCHRP Project 12-102 vii 6.8 Section 6 – Steel Structures ....................................................................................................................... 168 6.9 Section 7 – Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil / Integrated Bridge System ......................................................... 168 7 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN .................................................................................................. 169 7.1 Goals for Implementation .......................................................................................................................... 169 7.2 Proposed Implementation Plan ................................................................................................................. 169 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ 171 APPENDIX A: RESULTS OF STATE AGENCY QUESTIONNAIRE .................................................. A-1

NCHRP Project 12-102 viii List of Figures and Tables Figure 4.3.1-1 Typical Bar Coupler Application ............................................................................................................ 35 Figure 4.3.1-2 Mechanical Bar Coupler Examples ....................................................................................................... 35 Figure 4.3.2-1 Grouted Duct Connection ..................................................................................................................... 39 Figure 4.3.3-1 Pocket Connection ................................................................................................................................ 42 Figure 4.3.4-1 Socket Connection ................................................................................................................................ 43 Figure 4.3.5-1 System Response to Longitudinal Excitation ........................................................................................ 46 Figure 4.3.5-2 Integral Precast Lower Stage Cap with Precast Girders (NCHRP 12-74) ............................................... 47 Figure 4.3.6.1-1 Load-Deflection Curves for Re-Centering Systems............................................................................ 49 Figure 5.1-1 Sample Technology Readiness Evaluation Form ..................................................................................... 59 Figure 5.5.3.2-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.2.1 ........................................................................ 65 Figure 5.5.3.3-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.2.2 ........................................................................ 68 Figure 5.5.3.4-2 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.2.3 ........................................................................ 72 Figure 5.5.3.5-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.2.4 ........................................................................ 75 Figure 5.5.3.6-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.4.1 ........................................................................ 77 Figure 5.5.3.7-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.4.2 ........................................................................ 79 Figure 5.5.3.8-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.4.3 ........................................................................ 81 Figure 5.5.3.9-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.4.4 ........................................................................ 83 Table 5.5.3.10-1 Displacement Ductility Capacity for Several Precast Connections with Mechanical Couplers ......... 84 Figure 5.5.3.10-1 Relation between Elastic and Inelastic Displacement in a Force-Based Design Approach ............. 86 Figure 5.5.3.10-2 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.4.4.1 ................................................................... 87 Table 5.5.3.11-1. Rigid Length Factor for Permitted Mechanical Connectors ............................................................. 88 Figure 5.5.3.11-1 Stress-Strain Model for Mechanical Bar Splices............................................................................... 89 Figure 5.5.3.11-2 Actual and Idealized Curvature Diagram for Column with Mechanical Connector in Plastic Hinge Region. .............................................................................................................................. 90 Figure 5.5.3.11-3 Reduced Plastic Hinge Length to Account for Mechanical Splice in Plastic Hinge Region............... 91 Table 5.5.3.11-2. Comparison of Measured and Calculated Displacement Ductility of Columns with Mechanical Connectors using a Reduced Plastic Hinge Length ............................................................ 92 Figure 5.5.3.11-4 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.4.4.2 ................................................................... 93 Figure 5.5.3.12-1 Model to Determine the Required Debonded Length in a Column-to-Footing Connection ........... 94 Figure 5.5.3.12-2 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.4.5 ...................................................................... 96 Figure 5.5.3.13-1 Emulative HC Connection with Transition Bar................................................................................. 97 Figure 5.5.3.13-2 Comparison of HC Emulative Column-Footing Assembly Relative to Reference CIP....................... 98 Figure 5.5.3.13-3 Details of a GCDP Splice................................................................................................................... 98 Figure 5.5.3.13-4 Comparison of GCP Emulative Column-Footing Assembly Relative to Reference CIP .................... 99 Figure 5.5.3.13-5 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Column Connections with Mechanical Connectors ........... 100 Figure 5.5.3.14-1 Cyclic Lateral Load Response of Column-Pier Cap Assembly with Grouted Ducts ........................ 101 Figure 5.5.3.14-2 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.5 ....................................................................... 102 Figure 5.5.3.15-1 Comparison of Development Length Equations for fye= 68 ksi ...................................................... 104 Figure 5.5.3.15-2 Tensile Load Transfer Mechanism at Connection ......................................................................... 104 Figure 5.5.3.15-3 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.5.1 .................................................................... 105 Figure 5.5.3.16-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.5.2 .................................................................... 107 Figure 5.5.3.17-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.5.3 .................................................................... 109 Figure 5.5.3.18-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.5.4 .................................................................... 111 Figure 5.5.3.20-1 Cyclic Lateral Load Response of Column-Pier Cap Assembly with Pocket Connection ................. 113 Figure 5.5.3.20-2 Strut-and-Tie Model for Load Transfer Across Cracked Joint ........................................................ 114 Figure 5.5.3.20-3 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.6.1 .................................................................... 115 Figure 5.5.3.21-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.6.2 .................................................................... 117 Figure 5.5.3.22-1 Comparison of Development Length Equations ............................................................................ 118 Figure 5.5.3.22-2 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.6.3 .................................................................... 120 Figure 5.5.3.23-1 Confinement Provided by Spiral and Corrugated Steel Pipe ......................................................... 121 Figure 5.5.3.23-2 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.6.4 .................................................................... 123

NCHRP Project 12-102 ix Figure 5.5.3.24-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.6.5 .................................................................... 125 Figure 5.5.3.25-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.6.6 .................................................................... 127 Figure 5.5.3.26-2 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.7.1 .................................................................... 129 Figure 5.5.3.27-1 Precast Column with CIP Footing .................................................................................................. 131 Figure 5.5.3.27-2 Vertical Equilibrium of Embedded Portion of PC Column in CIP Footing- Cohesion Only ............. 131 Figure 5.5.3.27-3 Shear Friction Capacity from Footing Bottom Reinforcement ...................................................... 132 Figure 5.5.3.27-4 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.7.2 .................................................................... 134 Figure 5.5.3.28-1 Confinement Reinforcement for Column Embedded in Oversized Shaft ...................................... 136 Figure 5.5.3.28-2 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.7.3 .................................................................... 139 Figure 5.5.3.29-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.7.4 .................................................................... 141 Figure 5.5.3.30-1 CFST-to-CIP Footing Socket Connection ........................................................................................ 142 Figure 5.5.3.30-2 Column Base Moment versus Drift Response of CFST-Footing Socket Connections with Different Embedment Depths ...................................................................................................... 143 Figure 5.5.3.30-3 Determination of Flexural Capacity of CFST Using the Plastic Stress Distribution Method .......... 144 Figure 5.5.3.30-4 Simplified Pullout Model for CSFT ................................................................................................. 145 Figure 5.5.3.30-5 Reinforcement Detail at CFST-to-Footing Connection .................................................................. 145 Figure 5.5.3.31-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.8 ....................................................................... 148 Figure 5.5.3.32-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.9 ....................................................................... 150 Figure 5.5.3.35-1 Construction Sequence of Two-Stage Integral Pier Cap System ................................................... 152 Figure 5.5.3.35-2 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.12 ..................................................................... 153 Figure 5.5.3.36-2 Critical Area for the Calculation of fv for Seismic Excitation in the Longitudinal Direction of the Bridge .......................................................................................................................... 155 Figure 5.5.3.36-3 Critical Area for the Calculation of vjv for Seismic Excitation in the Longitudinal Direction of the Bridge .......................................................................................................................... 155 Figure 5.5.3.36-4 Critical Area for the Calculation of fh for Seismic Excitation in the Transverse Direction of the Bridge ............................................................................................................................ 156 Figure 5.5.3.36-5 Critical Area for the Calculation of fv for Seismic Excitation in the Transverse Direction of the Bridge ............................................................................................................................ 156 Figure 5.5.3.36-6 Critical Area for the Calculation of vjv for Seismic Excitation in the Transverse Direction of the Bridge ............................................................................................................................ 157 Figure 5.5.3.36-7 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.12.1 .................................................................. 158 Figure 5.5.3.37-1 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.12.2 .................................................................. 160 Figure 5.5.3.38-1 Effective Superstructure Width in the Longitudinal Direction for Dropped Cap System .............. 161 Figure 5.5.3.38-2 Technology Readiness Evaluation for Article 3.6.12.3 .................................................................. 162

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TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Web-Only Document 242: Recommended AASHTO Guide Specifications for ABC Design and Construction documents the results of a synthesis of past research regarding Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC), leading to the development of Guide Specifications for Accelerated Bridge Construction. Part 1 of the report includes Design Specifications for ABC. Part 2 includes construction specifications. All current ABC technologies are covered in the specifications. The outline of the specifications lends itself to the addition of future technologies, should they arise.

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