The
State of
Resilience
A Leadership Forum and
Community Workshop
PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP
Sherrie Forrest, Rapporteur
Roundtable on Risk, Resilience, and Extreme Events
Policy and Global Affairs
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
www.nap.edu
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001
This activity was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and Contract No. HSHQDC-16-P-00016 with the Department of Homeland Security, Contract No. HSFE40-15-C-0331 with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and Contract No. G14AP00195 with the U.S. Geological Survey, with additional support from the Kaiser Foundation Health Plan. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-47369-9
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-47369-1
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25054
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Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. The State of Resilience: A Leadership Forum and Community Workshop: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/25054.
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PLANNING COMMITTEE FOR THE STATE OF RESILIENCE LEADERSHIP FORUM AND COMMUNITY WORKSHOP
ARRIETTA CHAKOS (Chair), Principal, Urban Resilience Strategies
LUCILE M. JONES, Research Associate, Seismological Laboratory of California Institute of Technology and Retired, Science Advisor for Risk Reduction, United States Geological Survey
LINDA LANGSTON, Director of Strategic Relations, National Association of Counties
WILLIAM D. SOLECKI, Professor of Geography and Founder Director, Emeritus, CUNY Institute for Sustainable Cities, Hunter College of the City University of New York
Staff
LAUREN ALEXANDER AUGUSTINE, Director, Program on Risk, Resilience, and Extreme Events
SHERRIE FORREST, Senior Program Officer, Program on Risk, Resilience, and Extreme Events
CHARLENE MILLIKEN, Program Officer, Program on Risk, Resilience, and Extreme Events
DANIELLE NAGELE, Associate Program Officer, Program on Risk, Resilience, and Extreme Events
MAGGIE ESCH, Research Associate, Program on Risk, Resilience, and Extreme Events
JAMIE BIGLOW, Research Associate, Program on Risk, Resilience, and Extreme Events (until January 2018)
ANDREA SHELTON, Program Coordinator, Program on Risk, Resilience, and Extreme Events
Resilient America Roundtable Membership
LINDA LANGSTON (Co-Chair), Director of Strategic Relations, National Association of Counties
MONICA SCHOCH-SPANA (Co-Chair), Senior Associate, John Hopkins Center for Health Security JHU Bloomberg School of Public Health
RAY BONILLA, JR., Senior Director, IT Resiliency Management, Kaiser Permanente
JAMES CARD, Retired, U.S. Coast Guard
ERIN D. CORYELL, Program Officer, Margaret A. Cargill Foundation
SUSAN CUTTER, Carolina Distinguished Professor of Geography, University of South Carolina
REGINALD DESROCHES, William and Stephanie Sick Dean of Engineering, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University
JOHN DORMAN, Assistant State Emergency Management Director for Risk Management, North Carolina Department of Public Safety, North Carolina Emergency Management
KEVIN P. HEASLIP, Associate Professor of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
QUINTUS JETT, Director and Research Fellow, Citizen Alum Project, Rutgers University-Newark
DAVID J. KAUFMAN, Vice President and Director, Safety and Security, CNA Corporation
SUSAN W. KIEFFER, Emeritus Professor of Geology and Physics, Center for Advanced Study, and Charles R. Walgreen Chair, Geology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
KRISTIN LUDWIG, Staff Scientist, DOI Strategic Sciences Group, Natural Hazards Mission Area, U.S. Geological Survey
EDUARDO MARTINEZ, President, The UPS Foundation
STEVE MODDEMEYER, Principal, CollinsWoerman Architects
BROOKS NELSON, Director, Global Resilience, U.S. Chamber of Commerce Foundation
LORI PEEK, Professor, Department of Sociology, and Director, Natural Hazards Center, University of Colorado Boulder
ROSS STEIN, Co-Founder and CEO, Temblor, Inc.
ERIN WALSH, Program Manager, Science and Technology Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security
ROY E. WRIGHT, Former Deputy Associate Administrator for Mitigation, Federal Emergency Management Agency
Preface and Acknowledgments
The 2012 National Research Council report, Disaster Resilience: A National Imperative, stressed that having greater resilience to natural disasters can help reduce risks and vulnerability to extreme events, decrease cost, and mitigate impact. Resilience, as defined in the report, is the ability to prepare and plan for, absorb, recover from, or more successfully adapt to actual or potential adverse events (NRC 2012).1 The report articulated four pillars for building resilience: (1) establish measures, metrics, or indicators of resilience; (2) share quality data and information; (3) communicate risk in ways that enable better risk management; (4) and develop partnerships and coalitions.
In particular, opportunities to develop strong, cross-sector relationships and dialogue are a critical aspect of increasing community resilience. This workshop brought together leaders, experts, and practitioners from the public, private, and academic sectors to explore the current state of resilience, to share information and experiences gained in taking on resilience challenges and activities, and to provide a forum for looking forward to what resilience will look like in the future. This report provides a summary of the State of Resilience two-day event, which comprised a half-day leadership forum and 1-day community workshop.
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1 National Research Council. 2012. Disaster Resilience: A National Imperative. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The planning committee’s role was limited to planning the workshop. This report was prepared by a rapporteur as a factual summary of what occurred at the workshop. The statements made are those of the rapporteur and do not necessarily represent positions of the participants as a whole, the planning committee, or the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.
This activity was the result of efforts and collaboration among several organizations and individuals; its success would not have been possible without the invaluable contributions by the panelists, moderators, and participants who donated their time and expertise to inform these discussions. We give a special thanks to the planning committee whose contributions, insight, and expertise in the development and organization of the leadership forum and workshop provided for an exciting and productive program. We gratefully acknowledge their assistance and time: Ms. Arietta Chakos (chair), principal at Urban Resilience Strategies; Ms. Linda Langston, director of strategic relations at National Association of Counties; Dr. William D. Solecki, professor and chair of the Department of Geography at Hunter College-CUNY; and Dr. Lucile M. Jones, research associate at the Seismological Laboratory of Caltech and retired science advisor for risk reduction at the U.S. Geological Survey.
The success of the 2 days would not have been possible without the many speakers, panelists, and moderators who contributed their time and expertise to ensure engaging and informative discussions. We thank: C. Dan Mote, president, National Academy of Engineering; Craig Fugate, administrator, Federal Emergency Management Agency; Michael Berkowitz, president, 100 Resilient Cities, pioneered by the Rockefeller Foundation; The Honorable Chip LaMarca, County Commissioner, Broward County, FL; The Honorable Ben McAdams, Mayor, Salt Lake County, UT; The Honorable Michael Seibert, Mayor, Joplin, MO; Ray Bonilla, Jr., senior director, IT Resiliency Management, Kaiser Permanente; Paul Nicholas, senior director, Global Security Strategy & Diplomacy, Microsoft; Lynn Scarlett, global managing director, The Nature Conservancy; Lt. Gen. Thomas P. Bostick, 53rd Chief, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Richard E. Bissell, executive director, Policy and Global Affairs, The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Andrew R. Brenner, associate director, Global Communications, 100 Resilient Cities, pioneered by the Rockefeller Foundation; Roy E. Wright, deputy associate administrator for
mitigation, Federal Emergency Management Agency; Lori Peek, professor, Department of Sociology and director, Natural Hazards Center, University of Colorado Boulder; June Kailes, disability policy consultant and associate director and adjunct associate professor at Harris Family Center for Disability and Health Policy, Western University of Health Sciences; Nick Kushner, program analyst, Office of the Deputy Mayor for Health and Human Services, District of Columbia Government; Robin Pfohman, program manager, Community Resilience + Equity, Public Health, Seattle and King County; Natalie Grant, program analyst, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Jeanne Herb, associate director, Environmental Analysis and Communications Group, Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey; Nick Macchione, agency director, Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego County; Jane Cage, community disaster recovery leader for Joplin and managing partner, InsightFive22; Dan Burger, director, Coastal Services Division, South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control and chair of the Charleston Resilience Network; Miriam Chion, planning and research director, Association of Bay Area Governments; Joshua Barnes, director for preparedness policy, National Security Council, The White House; Andrea Larson, business process and data analyst, City of Minneapolis; Molly O’Donnell, resiliency planner and project manager, Community Development Block Grant, Boulder County Collaborative; William Solecki, professor, Department of Geography, Hunter College-City University of New York; Kathy McLeod, director, Global Risk Reduction and Resilience, The Nature Conservancy; Jennifer Molloy, Water Permits Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Erika Lindsey, senior policy advisor, Office of Recovery and Resiliency, New York City Mayor’s Office; Kevin Long, emergency management specialist, Strategy Branch, Integration Office, Federal Insurance and Mitigation Administration, Federal Emergency Management Agency; Alex Kaplan, senior vice president, Swiss Re; Sandi Fowler, assistant city manager, City of Cedar Rapids; Sarene Marshall, executive director, Center for Sustainability, Urban Land Institute; Arrietta Chakos, principal, Urban Resilience Strategies; Gerald E. Galloway, Jr., Glenn L. Martin Institute Professor of Engineering, University of Maryland; and Linda Langston, director of strategic relations, National Association of Counties.
A very special thanks to Andrea Seabrook of National Public Radio, whose provocative, persistent questions led to discussions that delved deep
into the enduring challenges of building resilient communities faced by residents and leaders across the nation’s cities, states, governments, nonprofit organizations, and private sector.
And, finally, we thank all the people who attended this event, both in person and online. Your thoughtful questions and contributions to the discussions made the event a success.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF REVIEWERS
This Proceedings of a Workshop has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published proceedings as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.
We thank the following individuals for their review of this proceedings: Jane Cage, InsightFive22; Quintus Jett, Rutgers University-Newark; Russ Paulsen, United Way Worldwide; and Tracy Trittle, Community Alliance Initiative.
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the proceedings, nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this proceedings was overseen by Susan Cutter, University of South Carolina. Appointed by the National Academies, she was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this proceedings rests entirely with the rapporteur and the National Academies.