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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets
for Success in a Highly Competitive Global
Biomedical Research Environment

Committee on Assessing the Capital Needs of the National Institutes of Health

Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment

Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences

A Consensus Report of

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Washington, DC
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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This activity was supported by Contract No. HHSN292201700014C. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.

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Front cover: Aerial photograph of the NIH Clinical Center, 2014. Courtesy of the Office of NIH History and the Stetten Museum. Back cover: Aerial photograph of the NIH Bethesda Campus. Courtesy of the National Institutes of Health.

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Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/25483.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
×

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The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. John L. Anderson is president.

The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president.

The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine.

Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and the committee’s deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and independent peer-review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task.

Proceedings published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine chronicle the presentations and discussions at a workshop, symposium, or other event convened by the National Academies. The statements and opinions contained in proceedings are those of the participants and are not endorsed by other participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies.

For information about other products and activities of the National Academies, please visit www.nationalacademies.org/about/whatwedo.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
×

COMMITTEE ON ASSESSING THE CAPITAL NEEDS OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH

KENNETH W. KIZER, NAM,1 University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Chair

EDWARD DENTON, University of California, Berkeley (retired)

DON EUGENE DETMER, NAM, University of Virginia, School of Medicine

LAURA FIDLER, AMC Strategies, LLC

G. EDWARD (Edd) GIBSON, JR., Arizona State University

SANJIV GOKHALE, Vanderbilt University

MICHAEL HARBER, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital

KERSTIN HILDEBRANDT-ABDIKARIM, Children’s National Health System

DOUGLAS KINCAID, Applied Management Engineering, Inc.

THOMAS MITCHELL, FM3IS Associates, LLC

KIRK PAWLOWSKI, State of Washington Educational Service District 112

WILLIAM SEED, Jackson Health System

SARAH SLAUGHTER, NAE,2 Built Environment Coalition

PHILIP TOBEY, SmithGroupJJR

Staff

GREG EYRING, Senior Program Officer

MARTIN OFFUTT, Senior Program Officer, Study Director

CAMERON OSKVIG, Director, Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment

JOSEPH PALMER, Senior Program Assistant

___________________

1 Member, National Academy of Medicine.

2 Member, National Academy of Engineering.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
×

BOARD ON INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE CONSTRUCTED ENVIRONMENT

JAMES P. WHITTAKER, Facility Engineering Associates, Chair

ADJO A. AMEKUDZI-KENNEDY,1 Georgia Institute of Technology

WAYNE ARNY, Wayne Arny & Associates

JAMES BAGIAN,2 NAE3/NAM,4 University of Michigan

ROSS COROTIS,2 NAE, University of Colorado

MAJOR GENERAL ARNOLD FIELDS,2 U.S. Marine Corps (retired)

PATRICIA D. GALLOWAY, Pegasus-Global Holdings, Inc.

G. EDWARD GIBSON,2 Arizona State University

SANJIV GOKHALE, Vanderbilt University

CHRIS T. HENDRICKSON,2 NAE, Carnegie Mellon University

CHRIS D. POLAND, NAE, Chris D Poland, Consulting Engineer

JAMES RISPOLI,1 Project Time and Cost, Inc.

JANICE L. TUCHMAN,1 Engineering News Record

Staff

CAMERON OSKVIG, Director

JOSEPH PALMER, Senior Program Assistant

MARTIN OFFUTT, Senior Program Officer

___________________

1 Through December 31, 2017.

2 Through December 31, 2018.

3 Member, National Academy of Engineering.

4 Member, National Academy of Medicine.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
×

Preface

For many decades, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has produced a steady stream of cutting-edge advances in biomedical research and the health sciences. While these breakthrough discoveries garner news headlines, the laboratory facilities and other physical infrastructure that enable such scientific advances are rarely discussed. The evolving needs of biomedical research and clinical science place high demands on the buildings, laboratories, and utility and supporting services infrastructure. Without adequate infrastructure, neither NIH nor any scientific research entity would be able to accomplish its mission.

Taking an interest in this tension between the science and physical plant, the U.S. Congress, per the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2017, requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine “[p]repare a report that assesses the capital needs of NIH’s main campus.” Legislators envisaged the study’s purpose as “to ensure the committee is informed of NIH’s critical facility needs and inform future infrastructure budgets.” The request focused on the main NIH campus located in Bethesda, Maryland.

The 310-acre Bethesda Campus houses the leadership of the 27 NIH institutes and centers, as well as a substantial portion of the Intramural Research Program (IRP). The latter is carried out by some 1,100 principal investigators and several thousand additional scientists in government-owned facilities. The operating funds for the IRP comprise about one-tenth of the NIH budget. In addition to IRP funding, funds have been appropriated specifically for buildings and facilities, which are utilized mainly for the Bethesda Campus.

The committee tasked with this study spent substantial amounts of time on the Bethesda Campus, looking firsthand at the biomedical and clinical research facilities and other infrastructure (e.g., the utilities that provide essential energy and sanitation services to the campus) providing research support. The committee augmented this with a detailed review of written records, attempting to understand not only planning and operations but also, to the extent possible, how appropriations related to the operating budgets of the Bethesda Campus and how scientific funds tallied against spending on specific buildings.

The committee undertook its work with an eye toward how the capital assets on the Bethesda Campus were supporting the NIH mission today, as well as how they might do so into the future. The NIH Office of Research Facilities arranged multiple site visits that allowed the committee to see facilities that supported

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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specialized laboratory spaces supporting newer avenues of scientific inquiry such as bioinformatics and high-speed computing—sciences that, generally speaking, are newer than the NIH buildings that house them. The committee also spent one full day in an interdisciplinary space—the Porter Neuroscience Research Center, a building delivered in two phases in 2004 and 2014—that represented a move away from the traditional approach to facilities on the Bethesda Campus.

Many individuals volunteered significant time and effort to address and educate the committee during its public information sessions. Francis Collins (NAS/NAM), director of NIH, held substantive discussions with the committee, as did Michael Gottesman, M.D. (NAS/NAM), deputy director for intramural research, and Alfred C. Johnson, Ph.D., deputy director for management. Paul Sieving, M.D. (NAM), director of the National Eye Institute and chair of the NIH Facilities Working Group, acted as the liaison to the committee from the institutes and centers. James Gilman, M.D., CEO of the Clinical Center, personally led the committee on tours of that center and provided informative briefings. Helping to pull it all together was Dan Wheeland, P.E., the director of the Office of Research Facilities. Numerous other individuals, listed in Appendix C, provided valuable insights as well. To all these individuals and others not named here, the committee extends its heartfelt thanks and appreciation.

The committee considers NIH to be a critical national resource that is integral to the nation’s health, well-being, and national security. We hope the Congress will embrace the committee’s findings, as detailed in this report, and provide NIH with the funding and support needed for it to fulfill its mission and continue its unparalleled legacy.

Kenneth W. Kizer, M.D., M.P.H., Chair

Committee on Assessing the Capital Needs of the National Institutes of Health

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
×

Acknowledgment of Reviewers

This Consensus Study Report was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published report as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process.

We thank the following individuals for their review of this report:

Norman Augustine, NAS1/NAE,2 Lockheed Martin Corporation (retired),

Richard Berman, NAM,3 University of South Florida,

Thomas Budinger, NAM/NAE, University of California, Berkeley,

Steven Crane, Crane Strategies,

Stephen Maiorisi, Harvard Medical School,

Chris Poland, NAE, Chris Poland, Consulting Engineering,

Gerald Rubin, NAS/NAM, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and

Elias Zerhouni, NAM/NAE.

Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations of this report nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Martin Philbert, NAM, University of Michigan. He was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with the standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the authoring committee and the National Academies.

___________________

1 Member, National Academy of Sciences.

2 Member, National Academy of Engineering.

3 Member, National Academy of Medicine.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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4 CURRENT CONDITION

Infrastructure in Support of Scientific Activities at NIH-BC

Overview

Funding for Capital Projects

Space Utilization at NIH-BC

Current Conditions of IRP Facilities at NIH-BC

IRP Facilities Are a Mix of Recently Built and Past-Their-Prime Buildings

NIH BMAR and Facility Condition Index and the Degree to Which Maintenance Backlog Is or Is Not Part of the Decision Making Process

Risk to Research and Patient Care Created by Outages and Disruptions

Building Process and Monies Available or Used

Project Dashboard

Findings and Recommendations

5 CURRENT CAPITAL ASSET MANAGEMENT AT NIH

Determining the Value of Facilities on the Bethesda Campus

Value of Real Property Assets

Process by Which Projects Are Planned and Evaluated

Description of Process

Condition Index Assessment

Planning Environment

Long-Range Planning Process

Constraints and Challenges

Assessing the Need for Renovation, Replacement, or Adaptive Reuse

The Utility of the NIH Condition Assessment and B&F Prioritization Model

Committee’s Assessment

Using CI for Decision Making

Findings and Recommendations

Annex 5.A: Preventative Maintenance Measures and Life Cycle Cost Analysis

6 NIH CURRENT APPROACH TO STRATEGIC PLANNING FOR THE BETHESDA CAMPUS BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES

Context

Investment and NIH-Wide Strategic Plan for Fiscal Years 2016-2020—Turning Discovery into Health

Long-Term NIH Intramural Research Program

Managing Investment

Comprehensive Master Plan—NIH Bethesda Campus

NIH 2013 Comprehensive Master Plan—Bethesda Campus and Integration with the NIH-Wide Strategic Plan for Fiscal Years 2016-2020

Capital Repair and Improvement—Current Reinvestment Approaches

Current Capital Cost Planning at NIH-BC

Findings and Recommendations

7 THE FUTURE OF CAPITAL PLANNING FOR THE NIH BETHESDA CAMPUS

Integrating Strategic Research Program and Strategic Capital Facilities Plans

Background

Existing Practices of Federal Agency Research Enterprises

Institute for Defense Analyses Benchmarking Analysis of Federal Security Laboratories

GAO Report on Best Practices for Federal Real Property Asset Management

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25483.
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The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and public health research. Founded in the late 1870s, NIH has produced extraordinary advances in the treatment of common and rare diseases and leads the world in biomedical research. It is a critical national resource that plays an important role in supporting national security.

The 310-acre Bethesda campus supports some 20,000 employees and contractors, and it contains more than 12 million square feet of facilities divided amongst nearly 100 buildings, including the largest dedicated research hospital in the world. The Bethesda campus supports some of the most sophisticated and groundbreaking biomedical research in the world. However, while some new state-of-the-art buildings have been constructed in recent years, essential maintenance for many facilities and the campus overall has been consistently deferred for many years. The deteriorating condition of NIH's built environment is now putting its ability to fulfill its mission at substantial risk.

Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus's Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment identifies the facilities in greatest need of repair on the Bethesda campus and evaluates cost estimates to determine what investment is needed for the NIH to successfully accomplish its mission going forward.

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